Social and health care educators' perceptions of competence in digital pedagogy: A qualitative descriptive study

In Canada, preventive therapy for latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) has required multiple doses of medication over an extended period of time. Such regimens are associated with poor adherence and completion rates. A shortened treatment regimen of once weekly isoniazid plus rifapentine for 3 months (3HP), is now available, and holds promise in populations facing challenges to treatment adherence. Although many factors impact treatment adherence, a knowledge gap exists in describing these factors in the context of this regimen. We present findings from a qualitative descriptive study, involving semi-structured interviews with unstably housed or homeless individuals in Edmonton and Fort McMurray, Alberta, Canada who were offered directly-observed preventive therapy (DOPT) with 3HP, and their health care providers. Latent content analysis revealed incomplete understandings of LTBI and about the need for preventive therapy. Clients’ motivation to be healthy, alongside education, health care outreach, relationships developed in the context of DOPT, ease of treatment regimen, incentives, and collaboration were all described as supporting treatment completion. Competing priorities, difficulty in reaching clients, undesirable aspects of the regimen and difficulties obtaining and initiating 3HP were identified as barriers. Perceptions of stigma related to LTBI and TB were described by clients in addition to feelings of shame related to their diagnosis. Our study provides insight into LTBI and indicates that multiple interacting psychosocial factors influence preventive therapy access, uptake, and adherence. Findings from this study of both client and provider perspectives can be used to inform and address inequities among individuals experiencing homelessness, and ultimately contribute to a diminished reservoir of LTBI.

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Sexual Minority Women’s Sexual and Reproductive Health Literacy: A Qualitative Descriptive Study

Health Education & Behavior ◽

10.1177/1090198120925747 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 47 (5) ◽

pp. 728-739

Author(s):

Margaret M. Paschen-Wolff ◽

Madelyne Z. Greene ◽

Tonda L. Hughes

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Health Literacy ◽

Reproductive Health ◽

Health Care Providers ◽

Sexual Minority ◽

Sexual And Reproductive Health ◽

Descriptive Study ◽

Access To Information ◽

Care Providers ◽

Qualitative Descriptive

Although sexual minority women (SMW) are at risk for cervical cancer and sexually transmitted infections (STIs), they may not seek preventative sexual and reproductive health care at the same rates as their heterosexual peers. We conducted a qualitative descriptive study of 22 adult SMW, a subsample of participants enrolled in the Chicago Health and Life Experiences of Women study. The aim was to describe the sexual and reproductive health literacy of this community sample based on qualitative themes, using an integrated model of health literacy. This model considers not only access to information but also understanding, appraisal, and application of information. We found that family of origin, health care providers, and school-based sexual education were the most important sources of sexual and reproductive health information. Participants described their understanding, appraisal, and application of sexual and reproductive health information as interdependent concepts. Pap test literacy and decision making were strongly independent, with SMW seeking various sources of information, or were driven by health care providers, with SMW following instructions and trusting provider advice. STI-related literacy hinged on whether the participant perceived SMW as at risk for STIs. Our findings reinforce that simply having access to information is insufficient to enact health behaviors that reflect full literacy. Findings have implications for health care providers, who should provide evidence-based recommendations for their SMW clients, and for public health practitioners and educators, who could make sexual health education more inclusive of and specific to the needs of SMW.

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Home health nurses’ views on participating in pre-ambulance emergency treatment: A qualitative descriptive study

Nordic Journal of Nursing Research ◽

10.1177/2057158520946646 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 205715852094664

Author(s):

Carina Fjällman ◽

Yvonne Hilli ◽

Lise-Lotte Jonasson

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Content Analysis ◽

Emergency Treatment ◽

Descriptive Study ◽

Home Health ◽

Knowledge And Skills ◽

Education Material ◽

Home Health Nurses ◽

Qualitative Descriptive ◽

Regular Training

As part of the Health Care Interaction project that was rolled out in western Sweden, home health nurses (HHNs) were called on as first responders to provide emergency treatment to patients, while waiting for the ambulance to arrive. The aim of this study was to evaluate the Health Care Interaction project in terms of the training and preparation of HHNs and the competencies that the nurses felt they needed to develop to feel confident in these assignments. In this qualitative descriptive study, 11 home health nurses from six municipalities that implemented the project were interviewed, and the data were analysed using content analysis. The COREQ guidelines were followed in the reporting of this study. The findings show that some municipalities did not have a training or preparation course in place, and guided the HHNs to refer to self-education material. The HHNs emphasised the importance of continuously updating their knowledge and skills through regular training. Further, feedback and reflection were considered important as reinforcement of learning.

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Innovative actions developed by nurses in primary health care

Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem ◽

10.1590/0034-7167-2020-0782 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 75 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Iria Barbara de Oliveira ◽

Aida Maris Peres ◽

Maria Manuela Martins ◽

Elisabeth Bernardino ◽

Maria do Carmo Fernandez Lourenço Haddad ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Primary Health Care ◽

Hierarchical Classification ◽

Descriptive Study ◽

Structured Interviews ◽

Work Process ◽

New Ways Of Working ◽

Primary Health ◽

Qualitative Descriptive

ABSTRACT Objectives: to understand the work process dimensions related to innovative actions developed by nurses in Primary Health Care. Methods: qualitative, descriptive study, developed in Primary Health Care in a city in the Southern Region of Brazil. Seventy-six nurses, who worked in management and assistance, participated in this study through semi-structured interviews. After data processing by IRAMUTEQ software, the textual analysis occurred by descending hierarchical classification. Results: forty-two innovative actions, considered by the participants as new ways of working, were identified. There was a predominance of innovative actions related to the Management and Assist dimensions; we noticed the fragility of the actions to contemplate all the nurse’s work process dimensions. Final Considerations: the predominance of innovative actions was related to users’ assistance and better conditions in the teamwork process, besides highlighting the role of nurses in the perspective of a new way of working in health services.

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Pediatric acute gastroenteritis: understanding caregivers’ experiences and information needs

CJEM ◽

10.1017/cem.2016.363 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 19 (3) ◽

pp. 198-206 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Lauren Albrecht ◽

Lisa Hartling ◽

Shannon D. Scott

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Health Care Utilization ◽

Acute Gastroenteritis ◽

Information Needs ◽

Descriptive Study ◽

Care Utilization ◽

Major Theme ◽

Pediatric Age ◽

Urban Centre ◽

Qualitative Descriptive

ABSTRACTObjectivesPediatric acute gastroenteritis (AGE) is a common condition with high health care utilization, persistent practice variation, and substantial family burden. An initial approach to resolve these issues is to understand the patient/caregiver experience of this illness. The objective of this study was to describe caregivers’ experiences of pediatric AGE and identify their information needs, preferences, and priorities.MethodsA qualitative, descriptive study was conducted. Caregivers of a child with AGE were recruited for this study in the pediatric emergency department (ED) at a tertiary hospital in a major urban centre. Individual interviews were conducted (n=15), and a thematic analysis of interview transcripts was completed using a hybrid inductive/deductive approach.ResultsFive major themes were identified and described: 1) caregiver management strategies; 2) reasons for going to the ED; 3) treatment and management of AGE in the ED; 4) caregivers’ information needs; and 5) additional factors influencing caregivers’ experiences and decision-making. A number of subthemes within each major theme were identified and described.ConclusionsThis qualitative descriptive study has identified caregiver information needs, preferences, and priorities regarding pediatric AGE. This study also identified inconsistencies in the treatment and management of pediatric AGE at home and in the ED that influence health care utilization and patient outcomes related to pediatric AGE.

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ELDERLY SCREENING IN SONGGON BANYUWANGI 2019

Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health Research ◽

10.20473/jcmphr.v1i1.20300 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 42

Author(s):

Lukman Hakim ◽

Wildan Anugrah Erlangga ◽

Pandu Satriya Adi ◽

Fitri Nurina Septiana ◽

Emilia Eka Arianti ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Health Service ◽

Univariate Analysis ◽

The Elderly ◽

Descriptive Study ◽

Primary Data ◽

Health Care Coverage ◽

Target Sample ◽

Qualitative Descriptive ◽

The Government

Health care efforts for the elderly to keep the elderly healthy, independent, active and productive socially and economically , to realize this, the government is obliged to guarantee the availability of health service facilities and facilitate the development of the elderly group. The aims to identify factors that affect the achievement of health care coverage of the elderly. This was a qualitative descriptive study. This research was conducted in Songgon District . The target sample was the elderly residents and elderly Posyandu cadres. Data collection instruments using questionnaires. This study used primary data. Univariate analysis to determine the distribution using SPSS and Excel tools. 84% of elderly people knew about screening. The coverage of elderly screening was still low. From the results of research on community therapy that could be done was cadre training, reporting of the elderly, and Extension of Posyandu Elderly by Cadres for the Community

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Social Workers’ Experience of Moral Distress

Canadian Social Work Review ◽

10.7202/1051104ar ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 35 (1) ◽

pp. 91-107 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Shannon Jaskela ◽

Juliet Guichon ◽

Stacey A. Page ◽

Ian Mitchell

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Social Workers ◽

Health Care Professionals ◽

Moral Distress ◽

Descriptive Study ◽

Common Theme ◽

The Social ◽

Qualitative Descriptive ◽

The Common ◽

The Right

When health care professionals know the right thing to do, but are prevented from doing so, they can suffer from moral distress. Although moral distress in nursing has been studied extensively, it has been a neglected topic with regard to the social work profession. This paper presents findings of a qualitative descriptive study on health care social workers’ experiences of moral distress, focusing mainly on the situations that caused such moral distress. The effects of moral distress, the coping strategies these social workers used to deal with their experience and the common theme of “pushing the rules” are also presented. Finally, we offer recommendations, which were made by participants, to assist social workers with decreasing the effects of moral distress. By following these recommendations, social workers’ experience of moral distress may decrease which will, in turn, positively affect the organizations for which they work and the patients they serve.

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Promoting chronic disease management in persons with complex social needs: A qualitative descriptive study

Chronic Respiratory Disease ◽

10.1177/1479973119832025 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 16 ◽

pp. 147997311983202 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Donna Goodridge ◽

Thilina Bandara ◽

Darcy Marciniuk ◽

Shelly Hutchinson ◽

Lois Crossman ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Chronic Disease ◽

Chronic Illness ◽

Disease Management ◽

Disease Management Program ◽

Chronic Disease Management ◽

Descriptive Study ◽

Management Program ◽

Complex Patients ◽

Qualitative Descriptive

While there are both ethical and practical imperatives to address health inequity issues related to chronic disease management for persons with social complexity, existing programs often do not appropriately address the needs of these individuals. This leads to low levels of participation in programs, suboptimal chronic disease management, and higher health-care utilization. The aims of this project were to describe the challenges related to availability, accessibility, and acceptability faced by socially complex patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) who were eligible, but declined enrollment in a traditional Chronic Disease Management Program (CDMP). Using a qualitative descriptive study approach informed by a health equity lens, interviews with participants, managers, and a focus group with providers were used to gather data addressing the above aims. Qualitative data were analyzed using Braun and Clarke’s theoretical thematic analysis approach. The ability of participants to manage chronic disease was profoundly influenced by contextual and personal factors, such as poverty, disability, personal attitudes and beliefs (including shame, mistrust, and hopelessness), and barriers inherent in the organization of the health-care system. The existing chronic disease management program did not adequately address the most critical needs of socially complex patients. Challenges with accessibility and acceptability of chronic disease management and health services played important roles in the ways these socially complex participants managed their chronic illness. The individualistic approach to self-management of chronic illness inherent in conventional CDMP can be poorly aligned with the needs, capacity, and circumstances of many socially complex patients. Innovative models of care that promote incremental and guided approaches to enhancing health and improving self-efficacy need further development and evaluation.

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Access to midwifery care for people of low socio-economic status: a qualitative descriptive study

BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth ◽

10.1186/s12884-019-2577-z ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Elizabeth K. Darling ◽

Lindsay Grenier ◽

Lisa Nussey ◽

Beth Murray-Davis ◽

Eileen K. Hutton ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Socioeconomic Status ◽

Health Care System ◽

Low Socioeconomic Status ◽

Post Partum ◽

Descriptive Study ◽

Midwifery Care ◽

Low Socioeconomic ◽

Qualitative Descriptive ◽

Care System

Abstract Background Despite public funding of midwifery care, people of low-socioeconomic status are less likely to access midwifery care in Ontario, Canada, but little is known about barriers that they experience in accessing midwifery care. The purpose of this study was to examine the barriers and facilitators to accessing midwifery care experienced by people of low-socioeconomic status. Methods A qualitative descriptive study design was used. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 30 pregnant and post-partum people of low-socioeconomic status in Hamilton, Ontario from January to May 2018. Transcribed interviews were coded using open coding techniques and thematically analyzed. Results We interviewed 13 midwifery care recipients and 17 participants who had never received care from midwives. Four themes arose from the interviews: “I had no idea…”, “Babies are born in hospitals”, “Physicians as gateways into prenatal care”, and “Why change a good thing?”. Participants who had not experienced midwifery care had minimal knowledge of midwifery and often had misconceptions about midwives’ scope of practice and education. Prevailing beliefs about pregnancy and birth, particularly concerns about safety, drove participants to seek care from a physician. Physicians are the entry point into the health care system for many, yet few participants received information about midwifery care from physicians. Participants who had experienced midwifery care found it to be an appropriate match for the needs of people of low socioeconomic status. Word of mouth was a primary source of information about midwifery and the most common reason for people unfamiliar with midwifery to seek midwifery care. Conclusions Access to midwifery care is constrained for people of low-socioeconomic status because lack of awareness about midwifery limits the approachability of these services, and because information about midwifery care is often not provided by physicians when pregnant people first contact the health care system. For people of low-socioeconomic status, inequitable access to midwifery care may be exacerbated by lack of knowledge about midwifery within social networks and a tendency to move passively through the health care system which traditionally favours physician care. Targeted efforts to address this issue are necessary to reduce disparities in access to midwifery care.

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