Office-Based Laryngeal Laser Surgery: A Review of 443 Cases Using Three Wavelengths

2007 ◽  
Vol 137 (1) ◽  
pp. 146-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jamie A. Koufman ◽  
Catherine J. Rees ◽  
William D. Frazier ◽  
Lauren A. Kilpatrick ◽  
S. Carter Wright ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laser Surgery ◽  
Selection Criteria ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Laser ◽  
Yttrium Aluminum Garnet ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Wavelength Selection ◽  
Upper Aerodigestive Tract ◽  
Effective Treatment Option ◽  
Yttrium Aluminum

BACKGROUND: Unsedated office-based laser surgery (UOLS) of the larynx and trachea has significantly improved the treatment options for patients with laryngotracheal pathology including recurrent respiratory papillomas, granulomas, leukoplakia, and polypoid degeneration. UOLS delivered by flexible endoscopes has dramatically impacted office-based surgery by reducing the time, costs, and morbidity of surgery. OBJECTIVES: To review our experience with 443 laryngotracheal cases treated by UOLS. METHODS: The laser logbooks at the Center for Voice and Swallowing Disorders were reviewed for UOLS, and the medical and laryngological histories were detailed, as were the treatment modalities, frequencies, and complications. RESULTS: Of the 443 cases, 406 were performed with the pulsed-dye laser, 10 with the carbon-dioxide laser, and 27 with the thulium: yttrium-aluminum-garnet laser. There were no significant complications in this series. A review of indications and wavelength selection criteria is presented. CONCLUSION: Unsedated, office-based, upper aerodigestive tract laser surgery appears to be a safe and effective treatment option for many patients with laryngotracheal pathology.

Laser Surgery in Microgravity

1992 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-189
Author(s):  
Richard T. Caleel ◽  
Paul C. Kuo ◽  
Michael D. Colvard
Keyword(s):  
Laser Surgery ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Yttrium Aluminum Garnet ◽  
Wound Care ◽  
Space Station ◽  
Surgical Care ◽  
Microgravity Environment ◽  
Traumatic Injuries ◽  
Military Aviation ◽  
Yttrium Aluminum

Human activity in microgravity environments place flight crews at risk to injury that may require surgical triage and care. Current protocols developed to handle surgical care in microgravity are derived from earth-based wound care techniques. Fluid and debris containment, spacecraft environmental contamination, and expediency of wound care in microgravity remain as significant obstacles. For space based surgery, lasers may allow procedures for rapid stabilization of emergency or traumatic injuries, surgical fluid control, hemostasis, and reduce contamination of the aircraft environment. The purpose of this paper is to outline the basic concept of laser surgery in an aviation and microgravity environment using carbon dioxide, neodymium–yttrium—aluminum–garnet (Nd:YAG), KTP, and excimer laser incisions within high altitude, military, aviation, and microgravity environments. “The plans for extending the human presence beyond the limits of Earth into space are: in the 1990s, to establish a permanent presence on the Space Station; in the first decade of the 21st century, to establish an outpost on the lunar surface, and to follow that in the second decade with an expedition to the surface of Mars.” “The demands and potential hazards of space flight require that crew members maintain health and peak proficiency at all times.” “Medical support for space station operations will require new philosophies and new technologies.” “The major considerations in developing such a system … for use in a spacecraft are to provide a sterile environment as well as to prevent contamination of the cabin with blood and other debris while performing the surgery.”

Management of congenital subglottic hemangioma: Trends and success over the past 17 years

2005 ◽  
Vol 132 (2) ◽  
pp. 226-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed A. Bitar ◽  
Roger V. Moukarbel ◽  
George H. Zalzal
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Success Rate ◽  
Study Design ◽  
Complication Rate ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Laser ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Surgical Excision ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
The Past

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the success and complications of various treatment options of congenital subglottic hemangioma. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTINGS: Reported cases were grouped by treatment modalities and corresponding outcome evaluated. RESULTS: From 1986 through 2002, 372 patients were reported in 28 series. Carbon dioxide laser had 88.9% success rate yet 5.5 % significant subglottic stenosis. It shortened the tracheotomy duration by 13.7 months. Corticosteroids were not that beneficial (useful in only 24.5%) with 12.9% side effects. Intralesional corticosteroids were successful in 86.4% with 5.6% complication rate. Surgical excision (as young as 2.5 months), was useful in 98% with 10% complication rate, using cartilage grafts in 34%. Other modalities were less popular. CONCLUSION: Treatment should be individualized. Guidelines are suggested. Priority is given to secure the airways. The CO2 laser is useful when used cautiously. Steroids may be beneficial. Excision is for stubborn cases.

scholarly journals A comparative study of low-fluence Q-switched neodymium-doped: yttrium aluminum garnet laser versus 15% trichloroacetic acid peel in the treatment of melasma

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 446
Author(s):  
Sridhar Venu ◽  
Sarath Chandran Balachandar ◽  
Kamalanathan Nallu ◽  
C. Lakshmanan
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Nd:Yag Laser ◽  
Trichloroacetic Acid ◽  
Yttrium Aluminum Garnet ◽  
Severity Index ◽  
Common Side Effect ◽  
Effective Treatment Option ◽  
Yttrium Aluminum ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Melasma is an acquired, circumscribed, pigmentary disorder. It is characterized by more or less symmetrically distributed, dark brown macules with well-defined geographic borders and is often resistant to treatment. The aim of our study is to compare the therapeutic efficacy of low-fluence Q-switched neodymium-doped: yttrium aluminum garnet (Qs-Nd:YAG) laser versus 15% trichloroacetic acid (TCA) peel in the treatment of melasma.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> Our study was an open, prospective, comparative study that included 50 melasma patients. They were then randomized into group 1 (n=25) and group 2 (n=25) by means of sequentially numbered list. Patients in group 1 were treated with 15% TCA. The procedure was repeated every two weeks for 6 times. Group 2 patients were treated with low influence Q-switched Nd:YAG laser. The treatment was given for four sittings at a gap of 3 weeks. Melasma area and severity index (MASI) was used to assess the response of therapy. Patients were followed up for 12 weeks after completing the study.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> The total percentage of reduction in mean MASI was 41.92% in group 1 and 27.88% in group 2 which was statistically significant (p=0.007). Post inflammatory hyper- pigmentation was the most common side effect in patients treated with Nd-YAG laser, particularly Fitzpatrick skin type V.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> 15% TCA was better than Q switched Nd:YAG laser for the treatment of melasma. Qs-Nd:YAG laser is not an effective treatment option due to higher incidence of adverse effects.</p>

Comparative and quantitative study of neutral debris emanated from tin plasmas produced by neodymium-doped yttrium-aluminum-garnet and carbon dioxide laser pulses

2010 ◽  
Vol 97 (11) ◽  
pp. 111502 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuji Matsuoka ◽  
Yuki Nakai ◽  
Shinsuke Fujioka ◽  
Shinsuke Maeda ◽  
Masashi Shimomura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Quantitative Study ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Laser ◽  
Yttrium Aluminum Garnet ◽  
Laser Pulses ◽  
Yttrium Aluminum ◽  
Tin Plasmas

scholarly journals Role of lasers in glottic malignancies: our experience

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 364
Author(s):  
Kiran Natarajan ◽  
Raghu Nandhan ◽  
Ruchima Dham ◽  
Sandhya . ◽  
Anand Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laryngeal Cancer ◽  
Laser Surgery ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Primary Treatment ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Tumor Biopsy ◽  
Early Stage Disease ◽  
Treatment Paradigm ◽  
Glottic Tumors

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Laryngeal malignancy is one of the commonest head and neck cancers encountered in India. Most tumors are glottic in origin. Radiation, partial or total laryngectomy gives very good cure rates for these tumors. Lasers have emerged as an integral part of the treatment paradigm for patients with laryngeal cancer. Laser surgery is one of the primary treatment options for early-stage glottic tumors and can also be used for advanced laryngeal tumors.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> Fifty patients with laryngeal cancer were treated with laser over a 10-year period. Majority of patients were males with an average age of 46 years. Most patients had early (T1, T2) laryngeal malignancy (90%). There were a few patients with advanced laryngeal tumor (10%). All patients had tumor biopsy and simultaneous laserization of the tumor followed by radiation in T1 and T2 disease and chemo radiation in T3 disease. A few patients who had recurrence of disease after radiation (4%) were medically unfit for laryngectomy and underwent laserization of the tumor.  </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Laser surgery proved to be an important tool in the management of glottic tumors and is commonly utilized in the treatment of early-stage disease. It has also been successful for debulking of large tumors. Careful case selection is important for good outcomes.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Transoral laser microsurgery and radiotherapy are useful treatment modalities in the management of early glottic malignancies. Lasers have proved to be effective in glottic malignancies with excellent oncologic and functional outcomes.</p>

Yag Single Crystals for Scintillators of Stem

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 166-167
Author(s):  
M. Hibino ◽  
K. Irie ◽  
R. Autrata ◽  
P. schauer
Keyword(s):  
Single Crystals ◽  
Yttrium Aluminum Garnet ◽  
Light Guide ◽  
Detection System ◽  
Polished Surface ◽  
Detective Quantum Efficiency ◽  
Backscattered Electrons ◽  
Electron Detection ◽  
Yttrium Aluminum ◽  
Phosphor Screens

Although powdered phosphor screens are usually used for scintillators of STEM, it has been found that the phosphor screen of appropriate thickness should be used depending on the accelerating voltage, in order to keep high detective quantum efficiency. 1 It has been also found that the variation in sensitivity, due to granularity of phosphor screens, makes the measurement of fine electron probe difficult and that the sensitivity reduces with electron irradiation specially at high voltages.In order to find out a preferable scintillator for STEM, single crystals of YAG (yttrium aluminum garnet), which are used for detecting secondary and backscattered electrons in SEM were investigated and compared with powdered phosphor screens, at the accelerating voltages of 100kV and 1 MV. A conventional electron detection system, consisting of scintillator, light guide and PMT (Hamamatsu Photonics R268) was used for measurements. Scintillators used are YAG single crystals of 1.0 to 3.2mm thicknesses (with surfaces matted for good interface to the light guide) and of 0.8mm thickness (with polished surface), and powdered P-46 phosphor screens of 0.07mm and 1.0mm thicknesses for 100kV and 1MV, respectively. Surfaces on electron-incidence side of all scintillators are coated with reflecting layers.

Management of thoracic aortic lesions - the future is endovascular

VASA ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 163-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weidenhagen ◽  
Bombien ◽  
Meimarakis ◽  
Geisler ◽  
A. Koeppel
Keyword(s):  
Thoracic Aorta ◽  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
Clinical Results ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Traumatic Rupture ◽  
Descending Thoracic Aorta ◽  
New Treatment ◽  
Aneurysm Dissection

Open surgical repair of lesions of the descending thoracic aorta, such as aneurysm, dissection and traumatic rupture, has been the “state-of-the-art” treatment for many decades. However, in specialized cardiovascular centers, thoracic endovascular aortic repair and hybrid aortic procedures have been implemented as novel treatment options. The current clinical results show that these procedures can be performed with low morbidity and mortality rates. However, due to a lack of randomized trials, the level of reliability of these new treatment modalities remains a matter of discussion. Clinical decision-making is generally based on the experience of the vascular center as well as on individual factors, such as life expectancy, comorbidity, aneurysm aetiology, aortic diameter and morphology. This article will review and discuss recent publications of open surgical, hybrid thoracic aortic (in case of aortic arch involvement) and endovascular repair in complex pathologies of the descending thoracic aorta.

Overview of Treatment Options for Critical Limb Ischaemia Patients

2011 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederic Baumann ◽  
Nicolas Diehm ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Options ◽  
Critical Limb Ischaemia ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Limb Ischaemia ◽  
Arterial Revascularisation ◽  
Planning Treatment ◽  
Treatment Concepts ◽  
Peripheral Arterial ◽  
Renal Origin

Patients with critical limb ischaemia (CLI) constitute a subgroup of patients with particularly severe peripheral arterial occlusive disease (PAD). Treatment modalities for these patients that often exhibit multilevel lesions and severe vascular calcifications are complicated due to multiple comorbidities, i.e. of cardiac and vascular but also of renal origin. These need to be taken into consideration while planning treatment options. Although CLI is associated with considerably high morbidity and mortality rates, the clinical outcome of patients being subjected to revascularisation has improved substantially in recent years. This is mainly due to improved secondary prevention strategies as well as dedicated endovascular innovations for this most challenging patient cohort. The aim of this article is to provide a discussion of the contemporary treatment concepts for CLI patients with a focus on arterial revascularisation.

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