The role of coeliac axis resection in resected ductal adenocarcinoma of the distal pancreas: A result of tumour topography or a prognostic factor?

Pancreatology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bonan Liu ◽  
Jianhui Wu ◽  
Chengpeng Li ◽  
Yang Li ◽  
Hui Qiu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prognostic Factor ◽  
Ductal Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Distal Pancreas

scholarly journals A Proteomic Study on the Personalized Protein Corona of Liposomes. Relevance for Early Diagnosis of Pancreatic DUCTAL Adenocarcinoma and Biomarker Detection

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 82-93
Author(s):  
Luca Digiacomo ◽  
Francesca Giulimondi ◽  
Daniela Pozzi ◽  
Alessandro Coppola ◽  
Vincenzo La Vaccara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Protein Corona ◽  
Detection Sensitivity ◽  
Ductal Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Protein Biomarkers ◽  
Ca 19.9 ◽  
Proteomic Study

Due to late diagnosis, high incidence of metastasis, and poor survival rate, pancreatic cancer is one of the most leading cause of cancer-related death. Although manifold recent efforts have been done to achieve an early diagnosis of pancreatic cancer, CA-19.9 is currently the unique biomarker that is adopted for the detection, despite its limits in terms of sensitivity and specificity. To identify potential protein biomarkers for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), we used three model liposomes as nanoplatforms that accumulate proteins from human plasma and studied the composition of this biomolecular layer, which is known as protein corona. Indeed, plasma proteins adsorb on nanoparticle surface according to their abundance and affinity to the employed nanomaterial, thus even small differences between healthy and PDAC protein expression levels can be, in principle, detected. By mass spectrometry experiments, we quantified such differences and identified possible biomarkers for PDAC. Some of them are already known to exhibit different expressions in PDAC proteomes, whereas the role of other relevant proteins is still not clear. Therefore, we predict that the employment of nanomaterials and their protein corona may represent a useful tool to amplify the detection sensitivity of cancer biomarkers, which may be used for the early diagnosis of PDAC, with clinical implication for the subsequent therapy in the context of personalized medicine.

scholarly journals Syndecans and Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma

Biomolecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 349
Author(s):  
Nausika Betriu ◽  
Juan Bertran-Mas ◽  
Anna Andreeva ◽  
Carlos E. Semino
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Ductal Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Extracellular Matrix Components ◽  
Detection And Diagnosis ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Early Detection And Diagnosis

Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a fatal disease with poor prognosis because patients rarely express symptoms in initial stages, which prevents early detection and diagnosis. Syndecans, a subfamily of proteoglycans, are involved in many physiological processes including cell proliferation, adhesion, and migration. Syndecans are physiologically found in many cell types and their interactions with other macromolecules enhance many pathways. In particular, extracellular matrix components, growth factors, and integrins collect the majority of syndecans associations acting as biochemical, physical, and mechanical transducers. Syndecans are transmembrane glycoproteins, but occasionally their extracellular domain can be released from the cell surface by the action of matrix metalloproteinases, converting them into soluble molecules that are capable of binding distant molecules such as extracellular matrix (ECM) components, growth factor receptors, and integrins from other cells. In this review, we explore the role of syndecans in tumorigenesis as well as their potential as therapeutic targets. Finally, this work reviews the contribution of syndecan-1 and syndecan-2 in PDAC progression and illustrates its potential to be targeted in future treatments for this devastating disease.

scholarly journals The role of FDG PET/CT or PET/MRI in assessing response to neoadjuvant therapy for patients with borderline or resectable pancreatic cancer: a systematic literature review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Evangelista ◽  
Pietro Zucchetta ◽  
Lucia Moletta ◽  
Simone Serafini ◽  
Gianluca Cassarino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neoadjuvant Therapy ◽  
Fdg Pet ◽  
Standardized Uptake Value ◽  
Response To Therapy ◽  
Ductal Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Resectable Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Pet Ct ◽  
Fdg Pet Ct

AbstractThe aim of the present systematic review is to examine the role of fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) associated with computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in assessing response to preoperative chemotherapy or chemoradiotherapy (CRT) for patients with borderline and resectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Three researchers ran a database query in PubMed, Web of Science and EMBASE. The total number of patients considered was 488. The most often used parameters of response to therapy were the reductions in the maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) or the peak standardized uptake lean mass (SULpeak). Patients whose SUVs were higher at the baseline (before CRT) were associated with a better response to therapy and a better overall survival. SUVs remaining high after neoadjuvant therapy correlated with a poor prognosis. Available data indicate that FDG PET/CT or PET/MRI can be useful for predicting and assessing response to CRT in patients with resectable or borderline PDAC.

scholarly journals High HSPA8 expression predicts adverse outcomes of acute myeloid leukemia

BMC Cancer ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Li ◽  
Zheng Ge
Keyword(s):  
Overall Survival ◽  
Acute Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Prognostic Factor ◽  
Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
High Expression ◽  
Micro Rnas ◽  
Acute Myeloid

Abstract Background Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) remains one of the most common hematological malignancies, posing a serious challenge to human health. HSPA8 is a chaperone protein that facilitates proper protein folding. It contributes to various activities of cell function and also is associated with various types of cancers. To date, the role of HSPA8 in AML is still undetermined. Methods In this study, public datasets available from the TCGA (Cancer Genome Atlas) and GEO (Gene Expression Omnibus) were mined to discover the association between the expression of HSPA8 and clinical phenotypes of CN-AML. A series of bioinformatics analysis methods, including functional annotation and miRNA-mRNA regulation network analysis, were employed to investigate the role of HSPA8 in CN-AML. Results HSPA8 was highly expressed in the AML patients compared to the healthy controls. The high HSPA8 expression had lower overall survival (OS) rate than those with low HSPA8 expression. High expression of HSPA8 was also an independent prognostic factor for overall survival (OS) of CN-AML patients by multivariate analysis. The differential expressed genes (DEGs) associated with HSPA8 high expression were identified, and they were enriched PI3k-Akt signaling, cAMP signaling, calcium signaling pathway. HSPA8 high expression was also positively associated with micro-RNAs (hsa-mir-1269a, hsa-mir-508-3p, hsa-mir-203a), the micro-RNAs targeted genes (VSTM4, RHOB, HOBX7) and key known oncogenes (KLF5, RAN, and IDH1), and negatively associated with tumor suppressors (KLF12, PRKG1, TRPS1, NOTCH1, RORA). Conclusions Our research revealed HSPA8 as a novel potential prognostic factor to predict the survival of CN-AML patients. Our data also revealed the possible carcinogenic mechanism and the complicated microRNA-mRNA network associated with the HSPA8 high expression in AML.

scholarly journals The Prognostic Role of LRIG Proteins in Endometrial Cancer

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 1361
Author(s):  
Zoia Razumova ◽  
Husam Oda ◽  
Igor Govorov ◽  
Eva Lundin ◽  
Ellinor Östensson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Overall Survival ◽  
Endometrial Cancer ◽  
Prognostic Factor ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Initial Study ◽  
Surface Proteins ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Study Cohort ◽  
Risk Of Death

Endometrial cancer (EC) is the most common gynecologic malignancy in Sweden and it has various prognostic factors. The LRIG family is a group of three integral surface proteins with a similar domain organization. The study aimed to explore LRIG family as prognostic factor proteins in EC. The initial study cohort included 100 women with EC who were treated at the Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Karolinska University Hospital Solna, between 2007 and 2012. We assessed the associations between LRIG protein expression and type, grade, and stage of EC, as well as progression-free and overall survival. Immunohistochemistry results revealed that most women in the analytical sample had >50% LRIG1-, LRIG2- and LRIG3-positive cells. A statistically significant association was observed between having a high number of LRIG3-positive cells and superior overall survival (incidence rate ratio = 0.977; 95% confidence interval: 0.958–0.996, p = 0.019). Moreover, positive LRIG3 staining of the cell membrane was associated with reducing in the risk of death (hazard ratio = 0.23; 95% confidence interval: 0.09–0.57). Our results show that LRIG3 expression might be a prognostic factor in EC. The role of LRIG1 and LRIG2 expression remains to be further investigated.

scholarly journals Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma concomitant with pancreatic metastases of clear-cell renal cell carcinoma: a case report

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lena Haeberle ◽  
Melanie Busch ◽  
Julian Kirchner ◽  
Georg Fluegen ◽  
Gerald Antoch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Renal Cell ◽  
Clear Cell ◽  
Ductal Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Special Role ◽  
Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Pancreatic Metastases

Abstract Background Metastatic spread to the pancreas is a rare event. Renal cell carcinoma represents one possible site of origin of pancreatic metastases. Renal cell carcinoma often metastasizes late and exclusively to the pancreas, suggesting a special role of renal cell carcinoma among primaries metastasizing to the pancreas. Even rarer, renal cell carcinoma may occur simultaneously with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Case presentation We present the case of a 78-year-old male Caucasian patient with a history of clear-cell renal cell carcinoma treated with oncological left nephrectomy 20 years before. The patient was diagnosed with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma by fine-needle aspiration cytology. At our institution, he received neoadjuvant therapy with folic acid, fluorouracil, irinotecan, oxaliplatin for borderline-resectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, and subsequently underwent total pancreatectomy. Upon resection, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma as well as two metachronous metastases of clear-cell renal cell carcinoma occurring simultaneously and cospatially with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma were diagnosed in the pancreatic body. Conclusions Renal cell carcinoma metastases of the pancreas are rare and often occur decades after the initial diagnosis of renal cell carcinoma. The combination of renal cell carcinoma metastases and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma is even rarer. However, the possibility should be considered by clinicians, radiologists, and pathologists. The special role of renal cell carcinoma as a site of origin of pancreatic metastasis should be further elucidated.

scholarly journals The Roles of Frequently Mutated Genes of Pancreatic Cancer in Regulation of Tumor Microenvironment

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. 153303382092096
Author(s):  
Hongzhi Sun ◽  
Bo Zhang ◽  
Haijun Li
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Microenvironment ◽  
Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Stromal Cells ◽  
Genomic Analysis ◽  
Ductal Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Genetic Mutations ◽  
Cellular Processes ◽  
Dismal Prognosis ◽  
Mutant Genes

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma has extremely high malignancy and patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma have dismal prognosis. The failure of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma treatment is largely due to the tumor microenvironment, which is featured by ample stromal cells and complicated extracellular matrix. Recent genomic analysis revealed that pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma harbors frequently mutated genes including KRAS, TP53, CDKN2A, and SMAD4, which can widely alter cellular processes and behaviors. As shown by accumulating studies, these mutant genes may also change tumor microenvironment, which in turn affects pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma progression. In this review, we summarize the role of such genetic mutations in tumor microenvironment regulation and potential mechanisms.

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