Wound myiasis in a wild boar by Lucilia caesar (Diptera: Calliphoridae): First case and current status of animal myiasis by this species

Abstract:: A novel virus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), appeared and expanded globally by the end of year in 2019 from Wuhan, China, causing severe acute respiratory syndrome. During its initial stage, the disease was called the novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV). It was named COVID-19 by the World Health Organization (WHO) on 11 February 2020. The WHO declared worldwide the SARS-CoV-2 virus a pandemic on March 2020. On 30 January 2020 the first case of Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) was reported in India. Now in current situation the virus is floating in almost every part of the province and rest of the globe. -: On the basis of novel published evidences, we efficiently summarized the reported work with reference to COVID-19 epidemiology, pathogen, clinical symptoms, treatment and prevention. Using several worldwide electronic scientific databases such as Pubmed, Medline, Embase, Science direct, Scopus, etc were utilized for extensive investigation of relevant literature. -: This review is written in the hope of encouraging the people successfully with the key learning points from the underway efforts to perceive and manage SARS-CoV-2, suggesting sailent points for expanding future research.

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Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection in a Domesticated Korean Wild Boar (Sus scrofa coreanus)

Journal of Food Protection ◽

10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-16-468 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 80 (6) ◽

pp. 1009-1014 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Min-Goo Seo ◽

In-Ohk Ouh ◽

Munki Kim ◽

Jienny Lee ◽

Young-Hoan Kim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽

Wild Boar ◽

Sus Scrofa ◽

Control Strategies ◽

Rpob Gene ◽

Tuberculosis Infection ◽

Primate Species ◽

Monitoring And Control ◽

Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Infection ◽

First Case

ABSTRACTTuberculosis, a chronic progressive disease, has been reported in bovine, swine, and primate species. Here, we report the first case of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in a Korean wild boar (Sus scrofa coreanus). The owners this domesticated boar brought it to the Gyeongbuk Veterinary Service Laboratory in Korea after it was found dead and severely emaciated. Demarcated yellowish white nodules were found around the larynx and retropharyngeal lymph node during necropsy. The lungs had diffuse fibrinous pleuritis, severe congestion, and scattered nodules. More nodules were found in the spleen. Tuberculosis is characterized by massive macrophage infiltration and central caseous necrosis; both characteristics were found in the lungs. Histopathologic examination revealed that the alveolar lumen had marked fibrosis and exudates. Examination of the fluid revealed extensive macrophage permeation. To confirm a Mycobacterium infection, PCR was performed using two primer sets specific to the rpoB gene of Mycobacterium; Mycobacterium was detected in the lungs and spleen. To identify the species of Mycobacterium, immunohistochemical evaluation was performed using antibodies against Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium bovis. The results revealed immunoreactivity against M. tuberculosis but not against M. bovis. The consumption of undercooked or raw meat from game animals may expose humans and other animals to sylvatic infection. Consequently, Koreans who ingest wild boar may be at risk of a tuberculosis infection. To reduce the risk of foodborne infection and maintain public health, continuous monitoring and control strategies are required.

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ГЕНЕЗИС МИРГОРОДСЬКОЇ ПОРОДИ СВИНЕЙ

Вісник Полтавської державної аграрної академії ◽

10.31210/visnyk2012.02.19 ◽

2012 ◽

pp. 94-99 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

С. Л. Войтенко

Keyword(s):

Wild Boar ◽

Blood Groups ◽

Current Status ◽

Thickness Increase ◽

Cross Breeding

Минуло понад 70 років із часу затвердження мир-городської породи свиней – другої вітчизняної по-роди української селекції. У даній статті відо-бражені етапи становлення породи, її сучаснийстан, особливості каріотипу, ефективність вико-ристання за чистопородного розведення і схрещу-вання, порівняльна характеристика за групамикрові різних генотипів. Визначена кількість ін-бредних тварин у селекційних стадах на даномуетапі розвитку породи. Встановлено, що викорис-тання свиноматок миргородської породи за поєд-нання з кнурами спеціалізованих генотипів зару-біжної селекції сприяє зниженню товщини шпику,збільшенню виходу м’яса та поліпшення відгодіве-льних ознак у помісного молодняку за збереженняякості свинини на рівні вихідної материнської по-роди. Доведено можливість схрещування свинеймиргородської породи з диким кабаном для віднов-лення вихідного генотипу породи. It has been almost 70 years since the approvalof Mirgorod breed pigs – the second Ukrainian domesticbreed selection. This article represents the stages of formationof breed, its current status, features of the karyotype, the efficiencyof use in the thoroughbred breeding and cross breeding,comparative characteristics of different blood groups of genotypes.Established that the use of Mirgorod sows with boars ofspecialized combination of genotypes of foreign selection forwardsfat thickness, increase in the yield and improving meatquality of fattening young animals while maintaining the qualityof pork at the ou Mirgorod breed with wild boar to restore theoutput of the genotype of the breed is proved.

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Abstract 602: Development of Cell Therapy in Severe Familial Hypercholesterolemia

Arteriosclerosis Thrombosis and Vascular Biology ◽

10.1161/atvb.36.suppl_1.602 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 36 (suppl_1) ◽

Author(s):

Masahiro Koseki ◽

Ayami Saga ◽

Takuya Kobayashi ◽

Masumi Asaji ◽

Takeshi Okada ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Familial Hypercholesterolemia ◽

Cell Transplantation ◽

Ldl Cholesterol ◽

Phase 1 ◽

Safety Evaluation ◽

Current Status ◽

Ldl Apheresis ◽

Rejection Reaction ◽

First Case ◽

Premature Cardiovascular Disease

Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) patients are characterized by high LDL cholesterol levels in the blood and premature cardiovascular disease. Although most of heterozygous FH patients are able to be treated with statin, ezetimibe and bile acid sequestrants and anti-PCSK9 antibodies, homozygous FH patients are resistant to drug therapy. Therefore, many of homozygous FH patients used to be treated by LDL-apheresis. However, the effect of removing LDL cholesterol is still not sufficient and definitive therapies need to be developed. With the increase of the evidence about the safety of mesenchymal stem cells and percutaneous transhepatic portal approach in islet transplantation, we have developed a cell transplantation therapy with allogeneic adipose tissue-derived multilineage progenitor cells, as an alternative treatment instead of liver transplantation. We have generated a protocol for the phase 1 clinical study. The primary endpoint should be safety evaluation including allergic reaction, rejection reaction, thrombosis and complications in the blood vessel by cell-transplantation. The secondary endpoint should be the efficacy including changes in serum lipid such as LDL-C, TC, HDL-C, TG and Lp(a), and Secession possibility of LDL-apheresis. We transplanted the first case in February, 2016. Then we are collecting clinical data. We would demonstrate the current status and the issues to be solved for the following study.

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The first case of genotype 4 hepatitis E related to wild boar in South Korea

Journal of Clinical Virology ◽

10.1016/j.jcv.2010.11.005 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 50 (3) ◽

pp. 253-256 ◽

Cited By ~ 42

Author(s):

Yeo Myeong Kim ◽

Sook-Hyang Jeong ◽

Jong Yeop Kim ◽

Joon Chang Song ◽

Ji Hye Lee ◽

...

Keyword(s):

South Korea ◽

Wild Boar ◽

Hepatitis E ◽

Genotype 4 ◽

First Case

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Wild boar offal as a probable source of Aujeszky’s disease virus for hunting dogs in Poland

Journal of Veterinary Research ◽

10.1515/jvetres-2016-0035 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 60 (3) ◽

pp. 233-238

Author(s):

Anna Szczotka-Bochniarz ◽

Andrzej Lipowski ◽

Anna Kycko ◽

Bartosz Sell ◽

Michał Ziółkowski ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Wild Boar ◽

Real Time ◽

Real Time Pcr ◽

Neurological Disorders ◽

Virus Isolation ◽

Tissue Samples ◽

Hunting Dogs ◽

First Case ◽

Aujeszky's Disease ◽

Aujeszky’S Disease

AbstractIntroduction: Aujeszky’s disease (AD), most often related to infection of domestic and feral swine, may also concern other mammals, including dogs. The disease in carnivores, related to consumption of raw meat or offal contaminated with AD virus, is manifested by severe neurological disorders and inevitably leads to animal’s death.Material and Methods: Karelian bear dog was euthanised due to nervous symptoms that started two days after participation in wild boar hunting. After exclusion of rabies the dog’s carcass was subjected to standard necropsy. Tissue samples were collected for histological examination. Samples of the brain were tested for ADV by real-time PCR and virus isolation. Samples of the liver were collected for toxicological examination.Results: The presence of ADV was confirmed by real-time PCR and virus isolation. Toxicological examination revealed anticoagulant poisoning. This is the first case of Aujeszky’s disease (AD) in a hunting dog in Poland after exposure to ADV from offal of wild boar.Conclusion: This infection should be taken into consideration in differential diagnosis of syndromes of neurological disorders in dogs. Since AD is found in both domestic pigs and wild boar in Poland, special care must be taken to prevent spread of infection to other species.

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Epidemiological analysis of classical swine fever in wild boars in Japan

BMC Veterinary Research ◽

10.1186/s12917-021-02891-0 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 17 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Yumiko Shimizu ◽

Yoko Hayama ◽

Yoshinori Murato ◽

Kotaro Sawai ◽

Emi Yamaguchi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Wild Boar ◽

Mixed Model ◽

Linear Mixed Model ◽

Classical Swine Fever ◽

Disease Spread ◽

Wild Boar Population ◽

Wild Boars ◽

First Case ◽

Forest Continuity ◽

In The Wild

Abstract Background Classical swine fever (CSF) is a contagious disease of pigs and wild boars that is transmitted through direct/indirect contact between animals or CSF virus-contaminated fomites. When the disease re-emerged in 2018 in Japan, a CSF-infected wild boar was reported shortly after the initial pig farm outbreak; subsequently, the disease spread widely. To control the disease spread among wild boars, intensive capturing, fencing, and oral bait vaccination were implemented with concomitant virological and serological surveillance. This study aimed to describe the disease spread in the wild boar population in Japan from September 2018, when the first case was reported, to March 2020, based on the surveillance data. We conducted statistical analyses using a generalized linear mixed model to identify factors associated with CSF infection among wild boars. Moreover, we descriptively assessed the effect of oral bait vaccination, which started in March 2019 in some municipalities in the affected areas. Results We observed a faster CSF infection spread in the wild boar population in Japan compared with the CSF epidemics in European countries. The infection probability was significantly higher in dead and adult animals. The influence of the multiple rounds of oral bait vaccination was not elucidated by the statistical modeling analyses. There was a decrease and increase in the proportion of infected and immune animals, respectively; however, the immunization in piglets remained insufficient after vaccination for 1 year. Conclusions Conditions regarding the wild boar habitat, including forest continuity, higher wild boar population density, and a larger proportion of susceptible piglets, were addressed to increase the infection risk in the wild boar population. These findings could improve the national control strategy against the CSF epidemic among wild boars.

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First case of Trichinella nativa infection in wild boar in Central Europe—molecular characterization of the parasite

Parasitology Research ◽

10.1007/s00436-017-5446-6 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 116 (6) ◽

pp. 1705-1711 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Ewa Bilska-Zając ◽

Mirosław Różycki ◽

Ewa Chmurzyńska ◽

Ewelina Antolak ◽

Marek Próchniak ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Wild Boar ◽

Molecular Characterization ◽

Central Europe ◽

First Case ◽

Trichinella Nativa

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The African Swine Fever Epidemic in Wild Boar (Sus scrofa) in Lithuania (2014–2018)

Veterinary Sciences ◽

10.3390/vetsci7010015 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 15 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Petras Mačiulskis ◽

Marius Masiulis ◽

Gediminas Pridotkas ◽

Jūratė Buitkuvienė ◽

Vaclovas Jurgelevičius ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Wild Boar ◽

Population Decline ◽

African Swine Fever ◽

Control Measures ◽

Disease Spread ◽

Wild Boar Population ◽

Baltic States ◽

Long Distance ◽

First Case ◽

The Baltic

In January 2014 the first case of African swine fever (ASF) in wild boar of the Baltic States was reported from Lithuania. It has been the first occurrence of the disease in Eastern EU member states. Since then, the disease spread further affecting not only the Baltic States and Poland but also south-eastern Europe, the Czech Republic and Belgium. The spreading pattern of ASF with its long-distance spread of several hundreds of kilometers on the one hand and the endemic situation in wild boar on the other is far from being understood. By analyzing data of ASF cases in wild boar along with implemented control measures in Lithuania from 2014–2018 this study aims to contribute to a better understanding of the disease. In brief, despite huge efforts to eradicate ASF, the disease is now endemic in the Lithuanian wild boar population. About 86% of Lithuanian’s territory is affected and over 3225 ASF cases in wild boar have been notified since 2014. The ASF epidemic led to a considerable decline in wild boar hunting bags. Intensified hunting might have reduced the wild boar population but this effect cannot be differentiated from the population decline caused by the disease itself. However, for ASF detection sampling of wild boar found dead supported by financial incentives turned out to be one of the most effective tools.

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Understanding COVID-19: From Origin to Potential Therapeutics

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph17165904 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (16) ◽

pp. 5904

Author(s):

Muhammad Moazzam ◽

Muhammad Imran Sajid ◽

Hamza Shahid ◽

Jahanzaib Butt ◽

Irfan Bashir ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽

Respiratory Infections ◽

Middle Eastern ◽

Clinical Manifestations ◽

Current Status ◽

The Public ◽

Global Pandemic ◽

First Case ◽

Human Coronaviruses ◽

Potential Therapeutics

Currently, a global pandemic era of public health concerns is going on with the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), which is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). The first case of COVID-19 was reported from Wuhan’s Huanan seafood market in China late December 2019. Bats, pangolins, and snakes have been nominated as salient carriers of the virus. Thanks to its high pathogenicity, it can cause severe respiratory infections. Fever, dry cough, sore throat, pneumonia, septic shock, and ground-glass opacities are the foremost clinical manifestations of COVID-19. Immunocompromised patients are at high risk for COVID-19 infection and may lead to death. Scientist and government agencies around the globe are putting forward their best efforts and resources for the effective treatment of human coronavirus infections; however, neither vaccines nor antiviral drugs are available for the treatment of human coronaviruses (HCoV) infections such as SARS (severe acute respiratory syndrome), MERS (Middle Eastern respiratory syndrome), and COVID-19. Since the outbreak, a plethora of research and review articles have been published. Moreover, the mass media has bombarded the public with conflicting opinions about the pandemic. There is a dire need for accurate and reliable information concerning this pandemic. In this review, we have compiled the up to date information about the origins, evolution, epidemiology, and pathogenesis of this disease. Moreover, very few reports have addressed the clinical features and current status of treatment for COVID-19; we have adequately addressed these topics in detail in this review. Finally, a detailed account of clinical trials of vaccines and other therapeutics currently in progress has been delineated.

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