Inclusion of Madagascar cockroach (Gromphadorhina portentosa) meal in the diet of cockatiels (Nymphicus hollandicus) in captivity: Influences on offspring development

2019 ◽  
Vol 126 ◽  
pp. 89-93
Author(s):  
Thatijanne S.G. Carvalho ◽  
Carlos E.P. Saad ◽  
Renata R. Alvarenga ◽  
Erika A. Oliveira ◽  
Mariana C.S. Carvalho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Offspring Development ◽  
Nymphicus Hollandicus ◽  
In Captivity ◽  
Gromphadorhina Portentosa

scholarly journals Food preferences of cockatiel chicks ( Nymphicus hollandicus ) in captivity

2017 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 683-686
Author(s):  
D.A.S. Naves ◽  
T.S.G. Carvalho ◽  
M.G. Zangeronimo ◽  
C.E.P. Saad ◽  
J.D. Scalon
Keyword(s):  
Food Preferences ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Artificial Light ◽  
Nymphicus Hollandicus ◽  
In Captivity ◽  
Seed Mixture ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Extruded Feed ◽  
Incandescent Lamps

ABSTRACT In order to improve the management and maintenance of the quality of life of captive wild birds, this study aimed to assess the food preferences of cockatiel chicks (Nymphicus hollandicus) kept in captivity. Thirty-two cockatiel chicks, three to 12 months of age, were kept in a galvanized, wire-netted vivarium with six ceramic feeders, two for an extruded diet, two for a dry-mashed diet and two for a seed mixture. Both extruded and dry-mashed food are commercial psittacine diets. Three round ceramic pots were used to provide water. The birds were exposed to 12 hours of artificial light (40 W incandescent lamps) during the experimental period of 27 days. The birds were observed by video filming, daily, through an ad libitum observation technique. The food consumption was 3.34±0.42g/bird/day of extruded feed, 1.58±0.44g/bird/day of dry-mashed diet and 3.73±0.10g/bird/day of seed mixture. In conclusion, the cockatiel chicks preferred the seed mixture and the extruded food over the dry-mashed diet.

scholarly journals Feeding behavior of cockatiels in captivity

2020 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. e168320
Author(s):  
Priscilla Pimentel Freitas ◽  
Vanair Carlos da Paz ◽  
Rodrigo Diana Navarro
Keyword(s):  
Feeding Behavior ◽  
Nutrient Deficiency ◽  
Sunflower Seeds ◽  
Stages Of Development ◽  
Nymphicus Hollandicus ◽  
Nest Grid ◽  
Final Weight ◽  
In Captivity ◽  
Reproduction Stage ◽  
Huge Variety

In nature, cockatiel (Nymphicus hollandicus) feed consists of a huge variety of seeds, fruits, flowers, leaves, and insects. In captivity, their feed is generally poor, as many breeders offer only a mixture of seeds as food, leading to nutrient deficiency and even obesity. This paper presents a study on cockatiel feeding behavior in artificial environments at different stages of development (growth, maintenance, and reproduction), to evaluate their preference from the offer of six different food types (sunflower seed, oats, millet, rice, ration, and a cornmeal based feed or farinhada), and an analysis of their preferences for locations in the cage. No significant differences were observed about the final weight of the birds during the stages of development. Consumption of millet seeds was significantly higher in the growth stage, but at this stage, the birds showed a preference for oats. On the other hand, at the reproduction and maintenance stages, they showed a preference for sunflower seeds. The birds in the reproduction stage were the ones that visited the nest, and the nest grid, the most. Among all the cage locations, all birds showed a preference for the perches.

scholarly journals Behaviour of cockatiels (Nymphicus hollandicus) at two temperatures in captivity

2015 ◽  
Vol 67 (6) ◽  
pp. 1669-1674 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.S.G. Carvalho ◽  
M.G. Zangeronimo ◽  
C.E.P. Saad ◽  
R.R. Alvarenga ◽  
V.D.L. Assis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Lateral Displacement ◽  
Video Recordings ◽  
Nymphicus Hollandicus ◽  
In Captivity ◽  
Two Temperatures ◽  
Seed Mixture ◽  
The Wire ◽  
Two Stages

Behavioural studies with cockatiels (Nymphicus hollandicus) in captivity are scarce. Due to the need for appropriate management of these animals, this study was performed to examine the behaviour of cockatiels kept in captivity at two temperatures. Sixteen cockatiels were individually housed in cages (62cm high x 43cm long x 27cm wide) and fed with a commercial ration and seed mixture for psittacids. Water was provided ad libitum. The eight-day experiment was divided into two stages of four days each. In the first stage, the birds were kept at room temperature (25°C) with 70% relative humidity during 24 hours. In the next stage, they were kept at 35°C from 06:00 to 18:00h and 25°C from 18:00 to 06:00h, also at 70% relative humidity. The behaviour of the birds was assessed by the analysis of video recordings taken from 6:00 to 18:00h. Lateral displacement on the perch, walking on the wire net, resting on the abdomen, stopping on the wire net, standing on the drinker or feeder, seed intake, cleaning the wings and shaking the plumage were not influenced (P>0.08) by temperature. Undesirable activities such as gnawing the perch or the wire net also showed no influence of temperature (P>0.15). At 35°C, the birds remained on the cage floor less often (P<0.02) and more often on the perch. Flapping or gnawing the feeder increased as did the consumption of ration (P<0.01). Increase in temperature from 25 to 35°C changed the behaviour of the cockatiels, although these behaviours were not characterised as responses to temperature stress.

scholarly journals Reproductive Characteristics of Cockatiels (Nymphicus hollandicus) Maintained in Captivityand Receiving Madagascar Cockroach (Gromphadorhina portentosa) Meal

Animals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 312
Author(s):  
Thatijanne Santos Gonzaga de Carvalho ◽  
Carlos Eduardo do Prado Saad ◽  
Marcelo Esposito ◽  
Peter Bitencourt Faria ◽  
Renata Ribeiro Alvarenga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Test Group ◽  
Dietary Treatment ◽  
Shape Index ◽  
Cholesterol Content ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Commercial Diet ◽  
Reproductive Characteristics ◽  
Nymphicus Hollandicus ◽  
Yolk Cholesterol ◽  
Gromphadorhina Portentosa

The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of a Madagascar cockroach (Gromphadorhina portentosa) meal in the feed of cockatiels (Nymphicus hollandicus) in captivity and its influence on the reproductive characteristics of these birds. Twelve pairs of birds were used during two subsequent reproductive cycles of 130 days each, with time divided into four phases: laying, incubation, rearing of chicks until 30 days of age, and return to the new laying phase. The pairs were divided into two groups: a control group, which received a commercial diet for psittacines + a mixture of seeds, and a test group, which received the same diet as the control group except for the addition of a Madagascar cockroach meal in a ratio of 14 g of commercial food to 1 g of cockroach meal (6.6%). After hatching, chicks remained with their parents until 30 days of age. Subsequently, the chicks were transferred to another room and monitored until the 90th day of life. The inclusion of cockroach meal did not influence (p > 0.05) the intake of commercial food and mixture of seeds during the reproductive phases evaluated, except for feed intake, which was increased relative to control values (p = 0.02) in the return-to-laying phase. Yolk cholesterol content, egg width and egg shape index were increased with the inclusion of the cockroach meal, whereas the number of days to return to the new laying phase was reduced compared to the control (p = 0.02). The number of eggs laid decreased (p < 0.05) with the inclusion of the cockroach meal; however, the percentage of hatching was higher in the test group than in the control group (p < 0.05). No significant effect (p > 0.05) of dietary treatment was observed on the number of viable chicks at 1, 30 and 90 days of age or on the contents of most fatty acids present in the yolk. The findings of this study indicate that a Madagascar cockroach meal can be used as an alternative feedstuff in the diets for cockatiels and can lead to minor improvements in reproductive characteristics when replacing 6.6% of the commercial pelleted diet.

scholarly journals Gastrointestinal parasites of exotic birds living in captivity in the state of Sergipe, Northeastern Brazil

2016 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 96-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor Fernando Santana Lima ◽  
Taynar Lima Bezerra ◽  
Alex Fonseca de Andrade ◽  
Rafael Antonio Nascimento Ramos ◽  
Maria Aparecida da Glória Faustino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bird Species ◽  
The State ◽  
Gastrointestinal Parasites ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Direct Examination ◽  
Streptopelia Risoria ◽  
Nymphicus Hollandicus ◽  
Exotic Birds ◽  
In Captivity ◽  
European Colonization

Abstract Brazil has a wide diversity of exotic birds that were brought to this country during the European colonization. These animals are kept in captivity and, in some cases, in inadequate facilities, which may facilitate the introduction of pathogens, including gastrointestinal parasites. The purpose of this study was to identify the main gastrointestinal parasites that affect exotic birds living in captivity in the state of Sergipe, Northeastern Brazil. Fecal samples (n = 362) from exotic birds were analyzed by direct examination and by the Willis-Mollay technique. Eggs of Amidostomum sp., Ascaridia sp., Capillarinae, Heterakis sp., Trichostrongylidae, and oocysts of coccidians were identified in nine different bird species. This is the first report in Brazil of infection by Ascaridia sp. and Heterakis sp. in Nymphicus hollandicus; by Trichostrongylidae in Serinus canaria and Streptopelia risoria.

scholarly journals Psittophagus hollandicus n. sp., a new feather mite species (Acariformes: Pterolichidae) from the cockatiel Nymphicus hollandicus (Kerr, 1792) (Psittaciformes: Cacatuidae) in Brazil

Acarologia ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 893-900
Author(s):  
Fabio Akashi Hernandes
Keyword(s):  
Mite Species ◽  
Feather Mite ◽  
Nymphicus Hollandicus ◽  
In Captivity

A new feather mite species, Psittophagus hollandicus n. sp. (Acariformes: Pterolichidae), is described from the cockatiel Nymphicus hollandicus (Kerr, 1792) (Psittaciformes: Cacatuidae) kept in captivity in Brazil.

scholarly journals Use of collard green stalks as environmental enrichment for cockatiels ( Nymphicus hollandicus ) kept in captivity

2017 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 718-724 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.S.G. Carvalho ◽  
C.E.P. Saad ◽  
R.R. Alvarenga ◽  
W.M. Ferreira ◽  
V.D.L. Assis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Enrichment ◽  
Food Preferences ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
The Body ◽  
Commercial Diet ◽  
Tropical Conditions ◽  
Nymphicus Hollandicus ◽  
In Captivity ◽  
Body Surface Temperature ◽  
Collard Green

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of collard green stalks as environmental enrichment on the behavior of cockatiels (Nymphicus hollandicus) maintained in captivity. Sixteen birds were housed individually in cages and fed a commercial diet for parrots and seed mix, with water ad libitum during 12 days in climatic chamber with temperature and relative humidity simulating tropical conditions. The animals (n = 8) were divided into two groups, control and enriched, and the experimental period was divided into two phases (during and after enrichment) of four days each. The collard green stalks were used as enrichment only during the first period of the experiment, daily changed and maintained only during the day. The stalks increased the feed intake and decreased the sleep activities. No effect was observed on the body surface temperature, locomotion, maintenance and other resting activities. Small undesirable activities were detected. It was concluded that collard green stalks can be used as environmental enrichment, becoming part of food preferences of cockatiels. However, its use does not significantly alter the behavior of birds kept in captivity

Semen collection and artificial insemination in cockatiels (Nymphicus hollandicus) – A potential model for psittacines

2013 ◽  
Vol 41 (02) ◽  
pp. 101-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Neumann ◽  
E. F. Kaleta ◽  
M. Lierz
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Potential Model ◽  
Species Conservation ◽  
Breeding Birds ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Entire Study ◽  
Semen Collection ◽  
Fertilisation Rate ◽  
Nymphicus Hollandicus ◽  
In Captivity

Summary Study: Since many psittacine species are endangered and also rare in captivity, the number of offspring produced from breeding is crucial. Many potential breeding birds in species conservation programs are force-paired, and the eggs of many clutches are frequently infertile. Furthermore, male infertility is a common problem. The use of artificial insemination may increase the number of fertile eggs. Material and methods: In this study, 32 cockatiels (Nymphicus hollandicus) were divided into two groups. In one group, the males were endoscopically sterilised. The males of the other group were used as semen donors. After collection using a novel massage technique, semen samples were examined microscopically to assess contamination and quality. Samples with medium to high sperm concentrations, medium to high motility and no contaminants were used for intracloacal artificial insemination of hens in the group with sterile males. Results: In total, 74.2% of all attempts to collect semen were successful. Insemination resulted in fertilisation of 17 of 23 eggs (73.9%), which was slightly lower than the natural fertilisation rate (88.4%). No negative effects were observed on the oviposition interval of the inseminated hens throughout the entire study. Clinical relevance: Easily applicable in veterinary practice, this study demonstrates that the use of artificial insemination may be a valuable tool to address reproductive failure of psittacines in breeding projects.

Ultrastructural Analysis of the Salivary Glands of Gromphadorhina Portentosa (Schaum)

1977 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 638-639
Author(s):  
P.J. Dailey
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Salivary Glands ◽  
Secretory Vesicles ◽  
The Past ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Means Of Transmission ◽  
Gromphadorhina Portentosa ◽  
Scanning Electron ◽  
Topographical Relief

The structure of insect salivary glands has been extensively investigated during the past decade; however, none have attempted scanning electron microscopy (SEM) in ultrastructural examinations of these secretory organs. This study correlates fine structure by means of SEM cryofractography with that of thin-sectioned epoxy embedded material observed by means of transmission electron microscopy (TEM).Salivary glands of Gromphadorhina portentosa were excised and immediately submerged in cold (4°C) paraformaldehyde-glutaraldehyde fixative1 for 2 hr, washed and post-fixed in 1 per cent 0s04 in phosphosphate buffer (4°C for 2 hr). After ethanolic dehydration half of the samples were embedded in Epon 812 for TEM and half cryofractured and subsequently critical point dried for SEM. Dried specimens were mounted on aluminum stubs and coated with approximately 150 Å of gold in a cold sputtering apparatus.Figure 1 shows a cryofractured plane through a salivary acinus revealing topographical relief of secretory vesicles.

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