Air-polluted environmental heavy metal exposure increase lung cancer incidence and mortality: A population-based longitudinal cohort study

2021 ◽  
pp. 152186
Author(s):  
Nian-Wei Lee ◽  
Hsin-Yi Wang ◽  
Chung-Li Du ◽  
Tzu-Hsuen Yuan ◽  
Chung-Yu Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Longitudinal Cohort Study ◽  
Metal Exposure ◽  
Lung Cancer Incidence ◽  
Heavy Metal Exposure ◽  
Incidence And Mortality

scholarly journals Racial disparities in lung cancer incidence and mortality over the last two decades; a Population-Based Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. vi107
Author(s):  
Mahmad wafa ◽  
Ahmad oussama Khoudeir ◽  
Inas A. Ruhban ◽  
Anas M. Saad ◽  
Muneer J. Al-Husseini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Racial Disparities ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Lung Cancer Incidence ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Incidence And Mortality

scholarly journals Role of Annual Influenza Vaccination against Lung Cancer in Type 2 Diabetic Patients from a Population-Based Cohort Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (15) ◽  
pp. 3434
Author(s):  
Jing-Quan Zheng ◽  
Cheng-Hsin Lin ◽  
Chun-Chao Chen ◽  
Yuan-Feng Lin ◽  
Chun-Chih Chiu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Influenza Vaccination ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Lung Cancer Incidence ◽  
Male Sex ◽  
Dose Dependent

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) patients are at a higher risk for developing lung cancer due to immune dysfunction and chronic inflammation. They also have increased morbidity and mortality related to influenza, and it is recommended that they receive an annual influenza vaccination. In this study, we evaluate whether influenza vaccination could reduce the incidence of lung cancer in DM patients. This cohort study included DM patients (≥55 years old) between 1 January 2002 and 31 December 2012 by using the Taiwan Health Insurance Database. Cox proportional hazard regression method was used to compare the relation between the influenza vaccination and lung cancer incidence after adjusting for potential confounders. Sub-group analyses were done according to vaccination status (unvaccinated, total number of vaccinations: 1, 2–3, ≥4) and evaluated the dose-dependent effects on lung cancer events. Among 22,252 eligible DM patients, 7860 (35.32%) received an influenza vaccination and 67.68% (14392) did not receive an influenza vaccination. Lung cancer incidence was significantly lower in the vaccinated group versus the unvaccinated group (adjusted HR 0.77; 95% CI 0.62–0.95, p < 0.05). Significant protective effects were observed among male sex (adjusted HR 0.72; 95% CI 0.55–0.94, p < 0.05) and 55–64 year (adjusted HR 0.61; 95% CI 0.40–0.94, p < 0.05) and ≥75 year (adjusted HR 0.63; 95% CI 0.42–0.92, p < 0.05) age groups, respectively. A dose-dependent protective effect was noted with a significant protective effect in those that received ≥4 vaccinations (adjusted HR 0.42; 95% CI 0.29–0.61, p < 0.001). In sub-group analysis, elder patients with ≥65 years of age were significantly protected from ≥4 vaccinations (adjusted HR 0.37; 95% CI 0.23–0.62, p < 0.001 in 65–74 years and adjusted HR 0.31; 95% CI 0.15–0.66, p = 0.002 in ≥75 years group, respectively). Male sex with ≥4 vaccinations had a significantly lower risk of lung cancer (adjusted HR 0.35; 95% CI 0.21–0.57, p < 0.001). Patients with comorbid conditions that received ≥4 vaccinations were also protected, and was especially significant among those with CCI ≥ 3 (adjusted HR 0.38; 95% CI 0.18–0.80, p = 0.009) as compared to 1 and 2–3 vaccination groups, including those with hypertension (adjusted HR 0.35; 95% CI 0.22–0.57, p < 0.001). This population-based cohort study demonstrated that annual influenza vaccination significantly reduced the lung cancer risk in DM patients and specifically demonstrates that a higher number of vaccinations is related with a more protective effect. Whether this is due to vaccine booster effects on anti-tumor immune regulation among DM patients still needs to be explored.

scholarly journals Relationship between heavy metal exposure and type 2 diabetes: a large-scale retrospective cohort study using occupational health examinations

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. e039541
Author(s):  
Jun Ho Ji ◽  
Mi Hyeon Jin ◽  
Jung-Hun Kang ◽  
Soon Il Lee ◽  
Suee Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Metal Exposure ◽  
Heavy Metal Exposure ◽  
Lead And Cadmium

ObjectivesTo investigate the associations between heavy metal exposure and serum ferritin levels, physical measurements and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM).DesignA retrospective cohort study.SettingChangwon, the location of this study, is a Korean representative industrial city. Data were obtained from medical check-ups between 2002 and 2018.ParticipantsA total of 34 814 male subjects were included. Of them, 1035 subjects with lead exposure, 200 subjects with cadmium exposure and the 33 579 remaining were assigned to cohort A, cohort B and the control cohort, respectively. Data including personal history of alcohol and smoking, age, height, weight, the follow-up duration, haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), fasting blood sugar (FBS), ferritin levels, and lead and cadmium levels within 1 year after exposure were collected.Primary outcome measureIn subjects without diabetes, changes in FBS and HbA1c were analysed through repeated tests at intervals of 1 year or longer after the occupational exposure to heavy metals.ResultsIn Cohort A, DM was diagnosed in 33 subjects. There was a significant difference in lead concentrations between the subjects diagnosed with DM and those without DM during the follow-up period (3.94±2.92 mg/dL vs 2.81±2.03 mg/dL, p=0.002). Simple exposure to heavy metals (lead and cadmium) was not associated with DM in Cox regression models (lead exposure (HR) 1.01, 95% CI: 0.58 to 1.77, p 0.971; cadmium exposure HR 1.48, 95% CI: 0.61 to 3.55, p=0.385). Annual changes in FBS according to lead concentration at the beginning of exposure showed a positive correlation (r=0.072, p=0.032).ConclusionOur findings demonstrated that simple occupational exposure to heavy metals lead and cadmium was not associated with the incidence of DM. However, lead concentrations at the beginning of the exposure might be an indicator of DM and glucose elevations.

scholarly journals Retrospective cohort study of smoking and lung cancer incidence in rural prefecture, Japan

2007 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 178-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoneatsu Osaki ◽  
Mikizo Okamoto ◽  
Akihiko Kaetsu ◽  
Takuji Kishimoto ◽  
Akihiko Suyama
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Lung Cancer Incidence

scholarly journals Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and lung cancer incidence in never smokers: a cohort study

Thorax ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 75 (6) ◽  
pp. 506-509 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hye Yun Park ◽  
Danbee Kang ◽  
Sun Hye Shin ◽  
Kwang-Ha Yoo ◽  
Chin Kook Rhee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Lung Cancer Incidence ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Never Smokers

There has been limited evidence for the association between chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and the incidence of lung cancer among never smokers. We aimed to estimate the risk of lung cancer incidence in never smokers with COPD, and to compare it with the risk associated with smoking. This cohort study involved 338 548 subjects, 40 to 84 years of age with no history of lung cancer at baseline, enrolled in the National Health Insurance Service National Sample Cohort. During 2 355 005 person-years of follow-up (median follow-up 7.0 years), 1834 participants developed lung cancer. Compared with never smokers without COPD, the fully-adjusted hazard ratios (95% CI) for lung cancer in never smokers with COPD, ever smokers without COPD, and ever smokers with COPD were 2.67 (2.09 to 3.40), 1.97 (1.75 to 2.21), and 6.19 (5.04 to 7.61), respectively. In this large national cohort study, COPD was also a strong independent risk factor for lung cancer incidence in never smokers, implying that COPD patients are at high risk of lung cancer, irrespective of smoking status.

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