The long-term impacts of fisheries on epifaunal assemblage function and structure, in a Special Area of Conservation

2012 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.M.A. Strain ◽  
A.L. Allcock ◽  
C.E. Goodwin ◽  
C.A. Maggs ◽  
B.E. Picton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Special Area ◽  
Epifaunal Assemblage

Development of a Multiple Indicator Dilution Technique Using Fluorescent Dyes to Measure Cardiac Capillary Permeability

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony J. McGoron ◽  
Alicia Fernandez-Fernandez
Keyword(s):  
Fluorescent Dyes ◽  
Capillary Permeability ◽  
Heart Function ◽  
Capillary Endothelium ◽  
Anthracycline Cardiotoxicity ◽  
Multiple Indicator Dilution ◽  
Tumor Progress ◽  
Special Area ◽  
Area Of Concern

Anthracyclines are widely-used drugs for the treatment of cancer. Although these drugs are effective in reducing or containing tumor progress, their long-term use is limited by toxicity effects. A special area of concern is related to the toxic effects that these drugs have on the myocardial tissue, including interstitial edema, fibrosis, degeneration of myocardial cells, and cardiac dilatation, among others. The end result is an overall impairment in cardiac function that limits the use of these agents [1,2]. This damage in heart function can be life-threatening, and it causes special concern in patients with prior cardiac dysfunction, as well as in children [2]. As a result of these disadvantages, there is a trend in current research to develop anthracycline derivatives or modified formulations with reduced cardiotoxic effects, as well as to learn more of the mechanisms that mediate this cardiac toxicity. Our long-term goal is to measure changes in capillary endothelium permeability in the heart after administration of anthracyclines which may contribute to the overall deterioration in function observed after chronic treatment with this medication. The goal of this project was to develop a sensitive, non-radioactive technique to measure capillary permeability in experimental animal models. This technique could then be applied in future studies of anthracycline cardiotoxicity.

scholarly journals International competitiveness and science policy. Review of the book “Competitive Advantage of Nations” by M. Porter

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 207-212
Author(s):  
Daria S. Erkina
Keyword(s):  
Competitive Advantage ◽  
Science Policy ◽  
Technology Policy ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
International Competitiveness ◽  
International Competition ◽  
Special Area ◽  
The Government ◽  
High Level

The article analyzes the contents of the monograph by M. Porter “Competitive Advantage of Nations” in the context of scientific and technological policy. A brief review of the main arguments of the author is given, and the most significant aspects of his theory of international competition are highlighted. The chapter in which the author analyzes the role of the government in increasing the international competitiveness of the state is considered with particular attention. The general conclusions of the monograph used to emphasize the importance of a flexible, long-term oriented science and technology policy. It is emphasized that the paradigm of international competition proposed by the author implies highlighting science policy as a special area of government activity if the goal is to achieve a high level of competitiveness on the world stage. In this regard, special attention is given to the study of issues related to the multifactorial, strategic orientation of the policy in the field of science and technology, which should be focused on the long term, and not just on solving current market problems.

scholarly journals Low genotypic diversity and long-term ecological decline in a spatially structured seagrass population

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nahaa M. Alotaibi ◽  
Emma J. Kenyon ◽  
Kevan J. Cook ◽  
Luca Börger ◽  
James C. Bull
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Spatial Scale ◽  
Population Genetic ◽  
Evolutionary Dynamics ◽  
Allelic Diversity ◽  
Genotypic Diversity ◽  
Ecological Monitoring ◽  
Natural Systems ◽  
Special Area

AbstractIn isolated or declining populations, viability may be compromised further by loss of genetic diversity. Therefore, it is important to understand the relationship between long-term ecological trajectories and population genetic structure. However, opportunities to combine these types of data are rare, especially in natural systems. Using an existing panel of 15 microsatellites, we estimated allelic diversity in seagrass, Zostera marina, at five sites around the Isles of Scilly Special Area of Conservation, UK, in 2010 and compared this to 23 years of annual ecological monitoring (1996–2018). We found low diversity and long-term declines in abundance in this relatively pristine but isolated location. Inclusion of the snapshot of genotypic, but less-so genetic, diversity improved prediction of abundance trajectories; however, this was spatial scale-dependent. Selection of the appropriate level of genetic organization and spatial scale for monitoring is, therefore, important to identify drivers of eco-evolutionary dynamics. This has implications for the use of population genetic information in conservation, management, and spatial planning.

scholarly journals Structure and Process - Influence of Historical Agriculture of Linear Flow Paths by Extreme Rainfall in Brandenburg

2012 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 1-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Detlef Deumlich
Keyword(s):  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Extreme Rainfall ◽  
Process Models ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Historical Sources ◽  
Flow Paths ◽  
Digital Elevation ◽  
Special Area ◽  
Historical Land Use

Long-term erosion forecast can completely misinterpret in extreme events in plain regions. Flow paths are well represented in the plain using digital elevation models in the 1-m grid (DEM1). The scale of the erosion process models and the elevation models is comparable. With it instruments are available to improve the erosion simulation. Simulations, based on (R)USLE family and bigger grid width, are relevant for regional overviews, to the clarification of small scale relevant linear erosion forms, however, unsuitably. The cross-slope tillage has intensified the water erosion in the examined case with special area morphology. From historical sources furrows of the ridge and furrow system were identified as runoff ways. Historical and actual information sources allowed the clarification of especially regional erosion events. Site specific and climatic factors as well as the actual land management caused a high damage magnitude in particular with extreme rainstorms, modified by historical land use structures.

Therapy and prevention for mental health: What if mental diseases are mostly not brain disorders?

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
John P. A. Ioannidis
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Disease ◽  
Brain Disorders ◽  
Social Stressors ◽  
Labor Education ◽  
Mental Diseases ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
Political Decisions

AbstractNeurobiology-based interventions for mental diseases and searches for useful biomarkers of treatment response have largely failed. Clinical trials should assess interventions related to environmental and social stressors, with long-term follow-up; social rather than biological endpoints; personalized outcomes; and suitable cluster, adaptive, and n-of-1 designs. Labor, education, financial, and other social/political decisions should be evaluated for their impacts on mental disease.

Conceptual short-term memory (CSTM) supports core claims of Christiansen and Chater

2016 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary C. Potter
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Rapid Serial Visual Presentation ◽  
Language Comprehension ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Visual Presentation ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Use Of Knowledge

AbstractRapid serial visual presentation (RSVP) of words or pictured scenes provides evidence for a large-capacity conceptual short-term memory (CSTM) that momentarily provides rich associated material from long-term memory, permitting rapid chunking (Potter 1993; 2009; 2012). In perception of scenes as well as language comprehension, we make use of knowledge that briefly exceeds the supposed limits of working memory.

Brief summary of Kleť photographic search programme for minor planets

1999 ◽  
Vol 173 ◽  
pp. 189-192
Author(s):  
J. Tichá ◽  
M. Tichý ◽  
Z. Moravec
Keyword(s):  
Ccd Camera ◽  
Minor Planet ◽  
Minor Planets ◽  
Main Belt

AbstractA long-term photographic search programme for minor planets was begun at the Kleť Observatory at the end of seventies using a 0.63-m Maksutov telescope, but with insufficient respect for long-arc follow-up astrometry. More than two thousand provisional designations were given to new Kleť discoveries. Since 1993 targeted follow-up astrometry of Kleť candidates has been performed with a 0.57-m reflector equipped with a CCD camera, and reliable orbits for many previous Kleť discoveries have been determined. The photographic programme results in more than 350 numbered minor planets credited to Kleť, one of the world's most prolific discovery sites. Nearly 50 per cent of them were numbered as a consequence of CCD follow-up observations since 1994.This brief summary describes the results of this Kleť photographic minor planet survey between 1977 and 1996. The majority of the Kleť photographic discoveries are main belt asteroids, but two Amor type asteroids and one Trojan have been found.

Evolution of Large-Scale Coronal Structures

1994 ◽  
Vol 144 ◽  
pp. 29-33
Author(s):  
P. Ambrož
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Field Line ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Coronal Magnetic Field ◽  
Source Surface ◽  
Solar Cycles ◽  
Characteristic Relationship ◽  
The Magnetic Field ◽  
Coronal Structures

AbstractThe large-scale coronal structures observed during the sporadically visible solar eclipses were compared with the numerically extrapolated field-line structures of coronal magnetic field. A characteristic relationship between the observed structures of coronal plasma and the magnetic field line configurations was determined. The long-term evolution of large scale coronal structures inferred from photospheric magnetic observations in the course of 11- and 22-year solar cycles is described.Some known parameters, such as the source surface radius, or coronal rotation rate are discussed and actually interpreted. A relation between the large-scale photospheric magnetic field evolution and the coronal structure rearrangement is demonstrated.

Long-term Cyclic Variations of Prominences, Green and Red Coronae over Solar Cycles

2000 ◽  
Vol 179 ◽  
pp. 201-204
Author(s):  
Vojtech Rušin ◽  
Milan Minarovjech ◽  
Milan Rybanský
Keyword(s):  
Emission Lines ◽  
High Latitudes ◽  
Green Line ◽  
Solar Cycles ◽  
The South ◽  
Coronal Emission ◽  
Local Maxima ◽  
The North ◽  
Cyclic Variations

AbstractLong-term cyclic variations in the distribution of prominences and intensities of green (530.3 nm) and red (637.4 nm) coronal emission lines over solar cycles 18–23 are presented. Polar prominence branches will reach the poles at different epochs in cycle 23: the north branch at the beginning in 2002 and the south branch a year later (2003), respectively. The local maxima of intensities in the green line show both poleward- and equatorward-migrating branches. The poleward branches will reach the poles around cycle maxima like prominences, while the equatorward branches show a duration of 18 years and will end in cycle minima (2007). The red corona shows mostly equatorward branches. The possibility that these branches begin to develop at high latitudes in the preceding cycles cannot be excluded.

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