Resistance of cattle of various genetic groups to the tick Rhipicephalus microplus and the relationship with coat traits

Rice vampireweed belongs to the Orobanchaceae and is found in Africa and Australia. It is a hemiparasitic weed of lowland rice genotypes and causes losses of 40 to 100% of rice grain yield. Our study addressed the genetic diversity of rice vampireweed in Benin and Senegal. The specific objectives of this research were to study the genetic diversity of rice vampireweed accessions in Benin and Senegal and the relationship between the different genotypes of rice vampireweed through agroecological areas. To achieve these objectives, the genetic diversity of rice vampireweed accessions using the AFLP technique was studied. Based on our results, dendrogram classification has distinguished four different genetic groups. The populations of Benin and Senegal are genetically diverse. Substantial genetic differentiation (GST) exists among agroecological areas within Benin and Senegal (GST = 0.17). The high genetic diversity of rice vampireweed in Benin and Senegal presents a challenge for the development of resistant rice germplasm.

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THE ACCUMULATIVE EFFECT OF FINNSHEEP BREEDING IN CROSSBREEDING SCHEMES: WOOL PRODUCTION AND FLEECE CHARACTERISTICS

Canadian Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.4141/cjas87-001 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 67 (1) ◽

pp. 1-11 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

MOHAMED H. FAHMY

Keyword(s):

Fiber Length ◽

Fiber Density ◽

Wool Production ◽

Genetic Groups ◽

Wool Fibers ◽

Shoulder Region ◽

Fleece Weight ◽

Positive Heterosis ◽

The Relationship ◽

Fiber Thickness

Wool fibers grown on 2 cm2 of skin were removed from the shoulder region of 273 female yearlings born at La Pocatiere Experimental Farm over a period of 3 yr. The yearlings represented nine genetic groups, Finnsheep, DLS (a population of 1/2 Dorset, 1/4 Leicester, 1/4 Suffolk) and seven combinations ranging from 1/8 to 7/8 Finnsheep breeding. The traits studied were staple length, fiber density, clean wool percentage, fiber length and thickness and their variability. Grease fleece weight (GFW) was recorded at first shearing on the 273 yearlings and on an additional 90 female yearlings. GFW was subsequently recorded at yearly intervals up to the 5th shearing. GFW of Finnsheep (F) was 2.3 kg for yearlings and averaged 2.0 kg for older ewes compared to 2.3 and 2.8 kg for the DLS, respectively. The crosses showed positive deviations from the expected means of their parental breeds, the highest was expressed in the [Formula: see text] and 5/8F crosses, GFW exceeded in many crosses that of the better parental breed. The relationship between GFW and the proportion of Finnsheep in the genetic group was linear in second shearing and curvilinear for later shearings. Significant linear relations were also observed in fiber thickness and variability in both fiber length and fiber thickness, whereas significant curvilinear relations were observed in clean wool percentage and fiber length. Compared to DLS, Finnsheep had a higher fiber density (1950 vs. 1551 cm−2), fibers were longer (19.1 vs. 15.8 cm) more variable in length (SD = 4.66 vs. 2.96 cm), finer (20.5 vs. 25.5 μm, and uniform in fiber thickness (SD = 4.8 vs. 5.9 μm), these differences being statistically significant. Most of the crosses exhibited positive heterosis particularly in clean wool percentage, staple and fiber length. The highest heterosis was often manifested in the [Formula: see text] cross. Key words: Wool production, fleece characteristics, crossbreeding, heterosis, Finnsheep, DLS sheep

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Relationship between thermal comfort indices and internal temperature of grazing lactating Holstein × Gyr cows in western Amazonia

Acta Amazonica ◽

10.1590/1809-4392201704301 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 48 (3) ◽

pp. 191-196 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Giovanna Araújo de CARVALHO ◽

Ana Karina Dias SALMAN ◽

Pedro Gomes da CRUZ ◽

Francyelle Ruana Faria da SILVA ◽

Jéssica HALFEN ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Soybean Oil ◽

Thermal Comfort ◽

Environmental Parameters ◽

Internal Temperature ◽

Data Logger ◽

Night Time ◽

Lactating Cows ◽

Genetic Groups ◽

Humidity Index ◽

The Relationship

ABSTRACT The relationship between the indices of thermal comfort and internal temperature in lactating cows was evaluated inRondônia, western Amazonia in a 2 × 2 crossover trial carried out with eight Girolando cows, ½ Holstein × ½ Gyr (n=4) and – Holstein × ¼ Gyr (n=4), grazing palisade grass supplemented with or without soybean oil concentrates. Data logger thermometers adapted to intravaginal devices (hormone free) were used to measure internal temperatures (IT) every 10 min over 48 h. Concomitantly, environmental parameters (air temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, and solar radiation) were collected for the estimation of the temperature-humidity index (THI), equivalent temperature index (ETI), and predicted respiratory rate (PRR). Supplementation with soybean oil did not affect the internal temperature of the cows. IT varied significantly between the genetic groups, with the highest mean observed at night in the – Holstein × ¼ Gyr cows, compared with that in the ½ Holstein × ½ Gyr cows (39.54 °C vs 39.06 °C, respectively). THI, ETI, and PRR were significantly and positively correlated with the IT of the Girolando cows; however, the PRR was not found to be adequate in indicating the night-time heat stress in cows.

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Genetic differentiation among and within three red mahoganies (series Annulares), Eucalyptus pellita, E. resinifera and E. scias (Myrtaceae)

Australian Systematic Botany ◽

10.1071/sb09004 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 22 (5) ◽

pp. 332 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Son Le ◽

Catherine Nock ◽

Michael Henson ◽

Mervyn Shepherd

Keyword(s):

Ecological Factors ◽

Taxonomic Status ◽

Genetic Structuring ◽

Eucalyptus Pellita ◽

Genetic Groups ◽

Commercial Species ◽

Biogeographical Regions ◽

Natural Hybridisation ◽

Cape York ◽

The Relationship

The red mahogany group (Eucalyptus ser. Annulares Blakely) includes some of the most important commercial species (i.e. Eucalyptus urophylla S.T.Blake) worldwide for forestry in the subtropics and tropics. However, the taxonomic status of some species in this group is unclear and the relationship among and genetic structuring within some species is unresolved. The present study examined genetic variation at 13 microsatellite loci in E. pellita F.Muell., E. resinifera Smith and E. scias L.Johnson & K.Hill. Despite close geographical proximity and natural hybridisation in northern Queensland, E. resinifera and E. pellita remain genetically distinct as taxa. Within E. pellita, two genetic groups were clearly resolved, one from New Guinea and one from Queensland (Cape York Peninsula populations were not sampled). Geographic structuring was also evident in E. resinifera, with northern Queensland populations separating from those from Fraser Island southwards. Ecological factors and species disjunctions were implicated in the genetic substructuring of these two taxa because patterns of geographic variation aligned with biogeographical regions. E. scias was indistinguishable from southern E. resinifera and its three subspecies could not be resolved.

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Correlation Between Resistin Level and Metabolic Syndrome Component: A Review

Hormone and Metabolic Research ◽

10.1055/a-0637-1975 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 50 (07) ◽

pp. 521-536 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Mostafa Mostafazadeh ◽

Sanya Haiaty ◽

Ali Rastqar ◽

Mahtab Keshvari

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Animal Studies ◽

Experimental Studies ◽

Negative Effects ◽

Metabolic Syndrome Component ◽

Resistin Level ◽

Genetic Groups ◽

Meta Analyses ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship

AbstractMetabolic syndrome (MetS) has a collection of some abnormal and pathological conditions that cause many critical diseases. Resistin is one of the possible candidates for these pathologies but there are not enough data to prove if resistin has positive, neutral, or negative effects on one or some components of MetS. This review summarizes data about comparing the effects and contribution of resistin in initiation and progression of MetS components and also its different actions between human and other mammalians. This summarized data about the relationship of resistin and MetS components have been obtained from clinical researches and in some cases even animal studies. To find the relevant studies, the search in PubMed, Science Direct, and Scopus were performed. Human and animal studies on relationships between resistin and MetS (initiation and progression of components) were included in our search. In experiments reported among different human genetic groups as well as the patients with various disease such as diabetes, no significant correlation is shown between FBG and resistin level. Furthermore, this review shows that the results of correlation between resistin and TG, HDL, and central or abdominal obesity were inconsistent. These inconsistencies can arise from different sample size or genetic groups, gender, and also from experimental studies. Therefore, to obtain precise results systematic review and meta-analyses are required.

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Fungicide Sensitivity and Phylogenetic Relationship of Anthracnose Fungi Isolated from Various Fruit Crops in Japan

Plant Disease ◽

10.1094/pd-90-0506 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 90 (4) ◽

pp. 506-512 ◽

Cited By ~ 58

Author(s):

Wen-Hsin Chung ◽

Hideo Ishii ◽

Kumiko Nishimura ◽

Masako Fukaya ◽

Kazutaka Yano ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Phylogenetic Relationship ◽

Colletotrichum Gloeosporioides ◽

Phylogenetic Analyses ◽

Interspecific Variation ◽

Fruit Crops ◽

Fungicide Sensitivity ◽

Genetic Groups ◽

Molecular Phylogenetic ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship

Anthracnose diseases of fruit crops are mainly caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and C. acutatum. In these Colletotrichum species, intra- and interspecific variation in fungicide sensitivity has been reported; however, the relationship between fungicide sensitivity and molecular phylogeny has not been analyzed. Fifty-one isolates from 10 fruit crops, acacia, and tea were tested for their sensitivities to thiophanate-methyl, diethofencarb, and iminoctadine-triacetate, and their internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and 5.8S regions of rDNA were analyzed. C. gloeosporioides isolates were divided into sensitive, less sensitive, intermediate resistant, or resistant to the three fungicides. In contrast, C. acutatum isolates were all less sensitive. In molecular phylogenetic analyses, C. gloeosporioides isolates fell into the same genetic group, whereas C. acutatum isolates were placed into two genetic groups. Although phylogenetic relationship was not closely related to fungicide sensitivity, the isolates of C. gloeosporioides most resistant to iminoctadine-triacetate were found in the same phylogenetic subgroup.

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Factors affecting gestation length in goats and the effect of gestation period on kid survival

The Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.1017/s0021859699007935 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 135 (1) ◽

pp. 85-89 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

M. MELLADO ◽

J. L. AMARO ◽

J. E. GARCÍA ◽

L. M. LARA

Keyword(s):

Survival Rate ◽

Genetic Factors ◽

Gestation Period ◽

Gestation Length ◽

Progressive Reduction ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Litter Weight ◽

Genetic Groups ◽

The Mean ◽

The Relationship

Data on 1468 pregnancies and 2356 newborn goat kids of six genetic groups under intensive management were utilized to determine some genetic and non-genetic factors affecting gestation length, and to assess the relationship between gestation length and survival of kids to 25 days of age. The study revealed significant (P < 0·01) effect of breed of dam, litter weight, breeding season and parity on gestation length. Number of kids born and sex of kids were not a significant source of variation affecting this trait. Granadina goats had the shortest gestation (149·0±0·31 days), whereas Toggenburg (151·7±0·28 days) and Alpine (151·4±0·46 days) had the longest. Litter weight and gestation period were related curvilinearly in summer and linearly in autumn. Gestation of goats bred in summer was 1 day longer (P < 0·01) than those mated in the autumn. There was a progressive reduction of gestation length as parity increased (151·3±0·24, 150·6±0·17 and 149·9±0·39 days for 1, 2·6 and > 7 kiddings, respectively). The mean survival rate of kids gestated < 148 days and 148–;152 days were 78±2 and 87±1, respectively, and these were significantly lower (P < 0·05) than the survival rate of kids gestated 152–156 days and > 156 days (94±1 and 95±2). In conclusion, prolonged gestation (152–160 days) in goats was beneficial because it resulted in heavier litters at birth and higher viability of neonatal kids.

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A note on the effect of air temperature during gestation on birth weight and neonatal mortality of kids

The Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.1017/s0021859699007947 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 135 (1) ◽

pp. 91-94 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

M. MELLADO ◽

T. VERA ◽

C. MEZA-HERRERA ◽

F. RUÍZ

Keyword(s):

Birth Weight ◽

Air Temperature ◽

Arid Zone ◽

Perinatal Period ◽

Mean Annual Temperature ◽

Economic Significance ◽

Genetic Groups ◽

Air Temperatures ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship

Analyses were made on birth weight of 2706 kids (six genetic groups) under confinement conditions in the arid zone of northern Mexico, to study the effect of air temperature (mean annual temperature = 21·1 °C) during gestation on this trait. The relationship of environmental temperature at kidding and survival of kids was also studied. Birth weight was significantly negatively related to mean dry bulb air temperature during gestation (reduction of 40±3 g for 1 °C increase in mean air temperature during gestation; r = −0·22; P < 0·01), although temperature only explained 5% of the variance of kid birth weight. Mean minimum temperatures (< 4 °C) 5 days after birth significantly reduced kid survival (83% v. 89–93% for kids born when temperatures were above 4 °C; P < 0·01). Air temperatures between 30 and 41 °C during the perinatal period did not affect (P > 0·05) survival rate. These results suggest that newborn kids seem to be relatively resistant to high air temperature, but are fairly susceptible to cold stress. Also, birth weight of kids from goats exposed to high air temperature during pregnancy was marginally reduced, although this was of limited economic significance.

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PREPUBERTAL PLASMA LH CONCENTRATION, OVULATION RATE AND PROLIFICACY IN FINN, SUFFOLK AND FINN-SUFFOLK EWES

Canadian Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.4141/cjas84-009 ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 64 (1) ◽

pp. 67-72

Author(s):

J. CHIQUETTE ◽

F. MINVIELLE ◽

J. J. DUFOUR

Keyword(s):

Key Words ◽

Reproductive Performance ◽

Ovulation Rate ◽

The Other ◽

Ewe Lambs ◽

Genetic Groups ◽

Genetic Types ◽

Breed Differences ◽

Age Dependent ◽

The Relationship

Fifty-seven Finn, Suffolk or Finn-Suffolk ewe lambs were used to study the relationships between prepubertal LH levels, measured at intervals between 2 and 10 wk of age, ovulation rate and litter size, both within and between genetic types. The most prolific group of ewes (Finn) did not have consistently higher mean levels of LH than the two other genetic groups possibly because the relationship between LH and number of ovulations among breeds may be age-dependent. On the other hand, within each genetic group, mean LH levels were generally higher in more prolific ewe lambs: small differences were observed up to 6 wk of age. These results show that early mean prepubertal LH concentration alone is not a precise indicator of future reproductive performance. Key words: Prepubertal plasma LH, ovulation rate, prolificacy, breed differences, ewes

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Interstellar gas in the central region of the Galaxy

Symposium - International Astronomical Union ◽

10.1017/s0074180900101032 ◽

1967 ◽

Vol 31 ◽

pp. 239-251 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

F. J. Kerr

Keyword(s):

Central Region ◽

Galactic Plane ◽

Neutral Hydrogen ◽

Continuum Emission ◽

Galactic Centre ◽

Interstellar Gas ◽

Hydrogen Recombination ◽

The Galaxy ◽

Centre Region ◽

The Relationship

A review is given of information on the galactic-centre region obtained from recent observations of the 21-cm line from neutral hydrogen, the 18-cm group of OH lines, a hydrogen recombination line at 6 cm wavelength, and the continuum emission from ionized hydrogen.Both inward and outward motions are important in this region, in addition to rotation. Several types of observation indicate the presence of material in features inclined to the galactic plane. The relationship between the H and OH concentrations is not yet clear, but a rough picture of the central region can be proposed.

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