ON THE BLUE COLOR REACTION OF PHOSPHOTUNGSTIC ACID (?) WITH URIC ACID AND OTHER SUBSTANCES

Abstract An automated colorimetric microprocedure, suitable for screening purposes, has been developed for the determination of blood uric acid levels. The method uses 2O-µl. whole-blood (capillary) samples and is based on the AutoAnalyzer measurement of the absorbance of the colored uric acid-phosphotungstic acid complex. The dilution inherent in the sampling procedure necessitated a modification of the existing AutoAnalyzer method to increase the sensitivity. The proposed method is evaluated for precision and accuracy by comparison with the standard AutoAnalyzer macro-method.

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Improved automated kinetic determination of uric acid in serum by use of uricase/catalase/aldehyde dehydrogenase.

Clinical Chemistry ◽

10.1093/clinchem/25.4.619 ◽

1979 ◽

Vol 25 (4) ◽

pp. 619-621 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

K Bartl ◽

M Brandhuber ◽

J Ziegenhorn

Keyword(s):

Uric Acid ◽

Aldehyde Dehydrogenase ◽

Alcohol Dehydrogenase Isoenzymes ◽

Kinetic Determination ◽

Enzymatic Determination ◽

Other Substances ◽

Inhibitor System ◽

Uric Acid Determination ◽

Acid Determination

Abstract The enzymatic determination of serum uric acid by use of uricase, catalase, and aldehyde dehydrogenase according to Haeckel [J. Clin. Chem. Clin Biochem. 14, 101 (1976)] showed interferences from ethanol-converting enzymes, which are present in some patients' sera. We have identified these enzymes as alcohol dehydrogenase isoenzymes. Among other substances, a mixture of pyrazole and oxalate can be used to eliminate these interferences. This inhibitor system gives good results when used in the automated kinetic uric acid determination, as is shown by a comparison with the manual assay for uric acid according to Kageyama [Clin. Chim. Acta 31, 421 (1971)].

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Thin Layer Chromatographic Method for the Detection of Uric Acid: Collaborative Study

Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL ◽

10.1093/jaoac/61.4.903 ◽

1978 ◽

Vol 61 (4) ◽

pp. 903-905

Author(s):

Joel J Thrasher ◽

Annette Abadie

Keyword(s):

Uric Acid ◽

Thin Layer ◽

Chromatographic Method ◽

Phosphotungstic Acid ◽

Collaborative Study ◽

Lithium Carbonate ◽

Improved Method ◽

Color Development ◽

Collaborative Tests ◽

Layer Chromatography

Abstract A collaborative study has been completed on an improved method for the detection and confirmation of uric acid from bird and insect excreta. The proposed method involves the lithium carbonate solubilization of the suspect excreta material, followed by butanol-methanol-water-acetic acid thin layer chromatography, and trisodium phosphate-phosphotungstic acid color development. The collaborative tests resulted in 100% detection of uric acid standard at the 50 ng level and 75% detection at the 20–25 ng level. No false positives were reported during tests of compounds similar to uric acid. The proposed method has been adopted official first action; the present official final action method, 44.161, will be retained for screening purposes.

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Non-Urate Chromogens in Body Fluids

Clinical Chemistry ◽

10.1093/clinchem/15.8.720 ◽

1969 ◽

Vol 15 (8) ◽

pp. 720-726 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Wendell T Caraway

Keyword(s):

Ascorbic Acid ◽

Uric Acid ◽

Phosphotungstic Acid ◽

Alkaline Treatment ◽

Body Fluids ◽

Plasma Ascorbic Acid ◽

A Value ◽

Fresh Plasma ◽

Average Serum

Abstract Compounds which interfere in the analytic determination of uric acid are referred to as "non-urate chromogens." Ascorbic acid, when added to serum, causes a significant increase in apparent uric acid levels as determined by a carbonate-phosphotungstate method. The ratio of apparent urate to ascorbic acid is 1:3, a value in close agreement with that obtained for the ratio of labile non-urate chromogens to ascorbic acid in fresh plasma. Ascorbic acid, as well as most of the non-urate chromogens, can be eliminated by mild alkaline treatment prior to adding phosphotungstic acid. These results indicate that the major non-urate chromogen in the average serum is ascorbic acid. The nature of other non-urate chromogens in body fluids is reviewed.

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An Analytical Method Based on Electrochemical Sensor for the Assessment of Insect Infestation in Flour

Biosensors ◽

10.3390/bios11090325 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (9) ◽

pp. 325

Author(s):

Li Fu ◽

Jiangwei Zhu ◽

Hassan Karimi-Maleh

Keyword(s):

Uric Acid ◽

Analytical Method ◽

Professional Training ◽

Field Analysis ◽

Insect Infestation ◽

Important Indicator ◽

Highly Sensitive ◽

Other Substances ◽

Highly Sensitive Detection ◽

Electrocatalytic Reaction

Uric acid is an important indicator of the insect infestation assessment in flour. In this work, we propose a method for uric acid detection based on voltammetry. This technique is particularly considered for the physicochemical properties of flour and contains a simple pretreatment process to rapidly achieve extraction and adsorption of uric acid in flour. To achieve specific recognition of uric acid, graphene and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) were used for the adsorption and concentration of uric acid in flour. The adsorbed mixture was immobilized on the surface of a screen-printed electrode for highly sensitive detection of the uric acid. The results showed that electrocatalytic oxidation of uric acid could be achieved after adsorption by graphene and PEDOT. This electrocatalytic reaction allows its oxidation peak to be distinguished from those of other substances that commonly possess electrochemical activity. This voltammetry-based detection method is a portable and disposable analytical method. Because it is simple to operate, requires no professional training, and is inexpensive, it is a field analysis method that can be promoted.

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Saxifraga ligulata sebagai Alternatif Pengobatan Batu Ginjal

10.31227/osf.io/rzwk7 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Stefany Marcellia

Keyword(s):

Clinical Trials ◽

Uric Acid ◽

Side Effects ◽

Kidney Stones ◽

Open Surgery ◽

Potassium Oxalate ◽

Complex Process ◽

Other Substances

Kidney stones are a condition where there are stones or crystals in urinary tract (ureter, bladder, kidneys). It’s because of the results of a complex process from several photochemical processes. This situation occurs, because of the accumulation of compounds such as calcium, uric acid, potassium oxalate, or other substances in the form of crystals. Urine that contains these substances will be difficult to filter by the kidneys, which will then settle and potentially become kidney stones. Medications and treatments that have been applied for kidney stones so far such as ESWL, PNL, open surgery and chemical drugs. These treatments need a lot of money and also have side effects. Continuous consumption of chemical drugs can cause other complications and using shock waves will cause damage to the kidneys. Data from in vitro, in vivo, and clinical trials reveal that the use of herbs such as Saxifraga ligulata as an alternative treatment can be useful and have smaller side effects.

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Formaldehyde Interference in the Uric Acid—Phosphotungstic Acid Redox

Clinical Chemistry ◽

10.1093/clinchem/19.5.531 ◽

1973 ◽

Vol 19 (5) ◽

pp. 531-532 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Bernard Klein ◽

Joan Sheehan

Keyword(s):

Uric Acid ◽

Serum Uric Acid ◽

Phosphotungstic Acid ◽

Automated Analysis ◽

Acid Interaction ◽

Standard Solutions

Abstract Formaldehyde, in quantities used to preserve uric acid standard solutions, will introduce errors in the automated analysis of serum uric acid by the Technicon N-13b phosphotungstate procedure, by retarding the dialysis rate. It will also diminish recovery of uric acid when these solutions are added to serum. The mechanism of interference is complex and may involve alteration of dialysis rates, formaldehyde— protein—uric acid interaction, and possibly a competing redox with phosphotungstic acid.

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Four methods for determining uric acid compared with a candidate reference method.

Clinical Chemistry ◽

10.1093/clinchem/28.10.2098 ◽

1982 ◽

Vol 28 (10) ◽

pp. 2098-2100 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

R J Elin ◽

E Johnson ◽

R Chesler

Keyword(s):

Uric Acid ◽

Regression Analysis ◽

Linear Regression ◽

Phosphotungstic Acid ◽

Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Reference Method ◽

Mean Difference ◽

Acid Method ◽

The Mean ◽

Smac Method

Abstract Uric acid as measured in serum by three different uricase (EC 1.7.3.3) methods (aca, Ektachem, and SMAC) and by the SMAC method with phosphotungstic acid was compared with a candidate Reference Method for uric acid. Serum specimens from 83 patients (uric acid concentrations, 19 to 141 mg/L) were analyzed by all five methods. Results were compared by using linear regression analysis, and the mean difference between results by the candidate Reference Method and the four other methods was calculated. Compared with the candidate Reference Method, the aca method gave the smallest deviation from zero for the intercept and the smallest mean difference, and the SMAC phosphotungstic acid method showed a slope closest to unity. The SMAC uricase method had the largest intercept and greatest deviation of the slope from unity.

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Recovery of Uric Acid from Serum

Clinical Chemistry ◽

10.1093/clinchem/14.5.449 ◽

1968 ◽

Vol 14 (5) ◽

pp. 449-455 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Frank W Fales

Keyword(s):

Uric Acid ◽

Sodium Carbonate ◽

Filter Paper ◽

Phosphotungstic Acid ◽

Tungstic Acid ◽

The Poor ◽

Poor Recovery

Abstract Uric acid added to serum is incompletely recovered in tungstic acid filtrates of serum. Contrary to previous views, the poor recovery is not the result of the adsorption of uric acid upon the precipitated protein, nor is it the result of the presence in the filtrates of inhibitors of the color-forming reaction between the sodium carbonate and phosphotungstic acid reagents, and the uric acid. Evidence is presented which implicates adsorption on filter paper as the cause of the poor recovery of uric acid from acid filtrates. Excellent recoveries are obtained when the protein precipitated by tungstic acid is removed by centrifugation.

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An Improved Reagent System for the Measurement of Serum Uric Acid

Clinical Chemistry ◽

10.1093/clinchem/16.3.247 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 16 (3) ◽

pp. 247-250 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

D H Jung ◽

A C Parekh

Keyword(s):

Uric Acid ◽

Serum Uric Acid ◽

Phosphotungstic Acid ◽

Trisodium Phosphate ◽

Analytical Results ◽

Urea Method

Abstract The reagent is modified as follows: Serum chromogens are destroyed by trisodium phosphate. The use of phosphotungstic acid eliminates the tungstate and sulfate anions, a frequent cause of turbidity. Triethanolamine, added to the carbonate—urea mixture, provides unusual stability of the color through its buffering action. Only 0.2 ml of serum is required. The method is highly reproducible and accurate; analytical results agree closely with those obtained by the uricase or cyanide—urea method.

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