The Survival of Mycoplasma suipneumoniae in Liquid Medium, on Solid Medium and in Pneumonic Tissue

1972 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.F.W. Goodwin
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Medium ◽  
Solid Medium

scholarly journals A Novel 6-Benzyl Ether Benzoxaborole Is Active against Mycobacterium tuberculosisIn Vitro

2017 ◽  
Vol 61 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nipul Patel ◽  
Theresa O'Malley ◽  
Yong-Kang Zhang ◽  
Yi Xia ◽  
Bjorn Sunde ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Liquid Medium ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Solid Medium ◽  
Eukaryotic Cells ◽  
Intracellular Bacteria ◽  
Benzyl Ether ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Resistant Mutants

ABSTRACT We identified a novel 6-benzyl ether benzoxaborole with potent activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The compound had an MIC of 2 μM in liquid medium. The compound was also able to prevent growth on solid medium at 0.8 μM and was active against intracellular bacteria (50% inhibitory concentration [IC50] = 3.6 μM) without cytotoxicity against eukaryotic cells (IC50 > 100 μM). We isolated resistant mutants (MIC ≥ 100 μM), which had mutations in Rv1683, Rv3068c, and Rv0047c.

Influence of Surfactants on Biodegradation of Chlordane by Wood-Rotting Fungus

2013 ◽  
Vol 361-363 ◽  
pp. 908-911
Author(s):  
Peng Fei Xiao ◽  
Tie Xue You ◽  
Yu Zhen Song ◽  
Shan Ying ◽  
Jian Qiao Wang
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Medium ◽  
Degradation Rate ◽  
Solid Medium ◽  
Fungal Growth ◽  
Tween 80 ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Lower Effect ◽  
Triton X

Wood-rotting fungus,Phlebia lindtneriGB 1027, was tested in toxicity assays with three surfactants in order to select surfactants for degradation assays of chlordane. Tween 80 and Triton X-100 appeared to have lower effect on the fungal growth on solid medium, while higher effect of fungal growth was observed in solid medium with SDS. Tween 80 had positive effects both on the chlordane degradation and the fungal growth. When fungus was incubated on PDB liquid medium with Tween 80 of 10 CMC after 20 d, 78.6% of chlordane was removed. In the treatments with Triton X-100, this strain showed comparatively greatest degradation rate (70.8%) of chlordane at a concentration of 2 CMC. However, when Triton X-100 concentration was higher than 2 CMC (5 and 10 CMC), the enhancement for the biodegradation of chlordane decreased.

PHENOTYPIC CHARACTERIZATION OF BENECKEA PARAHAEMOLYTICA: A PRELIMINARY REPORT1

1973 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 214-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Baumann ◽  
Linda Baumann
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Medium ◽  
Type Strain ◽  
Solid Medium ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
The Other ◽  
Polar Flagellum ◽  
Phenotypic Characterization ◽  
Phenotypic Traits ◽  
General Properties

Eighty-six strains which were isolated from cases of gastroenteritis and had the general properties of the genus Beneckea were submitted to an extensive nutritional, physiological, and morphological characterization. The results indicated that this collection of strains, which included the type strain of Beneckea parahaemolytica, was phenotypically homogeneous and distinguishable from the other known species of Beneckea by multiple, unrelated, phenotypic traits. When grown in liquid medium, strains of B. parahaemolytica had single, sheathed, polar flagella; when grown on solid medium, these strains had unsheathed, peritrichous flagella in addition to the sheathed, polar flagellum. Additional traits of use for differentiation of this species from the remaining species of the genus Beneckea were the ability of B. parahaemolytica to grow at 40 C, utilize d-galactose, l-leucine, l-histidine, and putrescine and the inability to utilize sucrose, dl-β-hydroxy-butyrate or give a positive Voges-Proskauer reaction. The validity of some of the traits previously used to identify B. parahaemolytica as well as the possible difficulties encountered in the identification of this organism from marine sources are considered.

scholarly journals Induction of cassava somatic embryogenesis in liquid medium associated to floating membrane rafts

2000 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabete Keiko Takahashi ◽  
Adilson Kenji Kobayashi ◽  
Luiz Gonzaga Esteves Vieira
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Embryogenesis ◽  
Liquid Medium ◽  
Manihot Esculenta ◽  
Solid Medium ◽  
Young Leaf ◽  
Membrane Rafts ◽  
Manihot Esculenta Crantz ◽  
Lower Response ◽  
Culture Systems

The objective of this study was to examine the effect of two culture systems, liquid medium associated to floating membranes and solid medium, both supplemented with different concentrations of 2,4-D, in the induction of somatic embryogenesis of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz). Only 28% of the young leaf lobes (with 9 µM 2,4-D) were induced to form organized embryogenic structures (OES) with membrane rafts, compared to 50% of the explants presenting this type of tissue in solid medium with 36 µM of 2,4-D. Despite the lower response observed in liquid medium with membrane, the amount of OES/explant in all 2,4-D concentrations was higher than solid medium. Based on the results and considering the high cost of the membrane rafts, this system was not distinctly superior than solid medium for inducing somatic embryogenesis in cassava.

scholarly journals PRIMACY OF LIQUID MEDIUM TECHNIQUE ON PROTOCORM LIKE BODIES PROPAGATION OF Phalaenopsis sp ORCHIDS IN TISSUE CULTURE

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Budi Kriswanto ◽  
Sigit Soeparjono ◽  
Didik Pudji Restanto
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Liquid Medium ◽  
Concentration Ratio ◽  
Solid Medium ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Single Factor ◽  
Duncan Multiple Range Test ◽  
Plant Propagation ◽  
Medium Type ◽  
Range Test

Tissue culture have been used for plant propagation generally, and the medium has been important role in its growth. Vegetative propagation on Phalaenopsis sp orchids can be through the protocorm like bodies (PLB). Medium of affect on propagation of PLB was carried out on medium type, kind of basal medium and concentrations ratio of naphtaleneacetic acid (NAA) and benzylamino purine (BAP). The experiment used Completely Randomized Factorial Design with 3 replications and continued with the Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) if there were significant differences. The results showed that the best callus formed in a combination of solid medium type and Murashige & Skoog (MS) basal medium was 100%. The most number of PLB produced from a combination of liquid medium types and a concentration ratio of NAA 1 mgL-1 and BAP 5 mgL-1, the most number of plantlet produced from a combination of MS basal medium and the concentrations ratio of NAA 0.1 mgL-1 and BAP 0.1 mgL-1, the number of PLB germination and PLB with leaves were influenced by each single factor.

Growth of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in the Presence of Hexadecylpyridinium Chloride, Natamycin, and Vancomycin

2006 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
pp. 878-883 ◽  
Author(s):  
KRISTINE A. JOHANSEN ◽  
ERIN E. HUGEN ◽  
JANET B. PAYEUR
Keyword(s):  
Design Of Experiments ◽  
Liquid Medium ◽  
Mycobacterium Avium ◽  
Detrimental Effect ◽  
Solid Medium ◽  
Mycobacterium Avium Subsp ◽  
Fungal Contamination ◽  
Fecal Samples ◽  
Mycobacterium Avium Subsp Paratuberculosis ◽  
Significant Detrimental Effect

A design-of-experiments approach was used to examine the effect of hexadecylpyridinium chloride (HPC), alone or in combination with the antibiotics vancomycin and natamycin, on the growth of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP). At concentrations above 74.4 μg/ml, HPC had a highly significant detrimental effect on the growth of MAP, whereas natamycin at 10.8 and 21.6 μg/ml and vancomycin at 5.2 and 10.4 μg/ml did not have such an effect. Titration of the amount of HPC tolerated by MAP indicated that growth can occur in the presence of 24.8 μg/ml or lower. Processing of bovine fecal specimens indicated that reducing the concentration of HPC from 32.22 to 1.07 mg/ml during decontamination may improve detection when cultures are grown on solid medium but not when cultures are grown in liquid medium. Further investigation into optimizing HPC concentration during processing of fecal samples is warranted. Natamycin, in conjunction with vancomycin, may be useful for controlling fungal contamination during isolation of MAP from fecal samples.

The Growth Of White Oyster Mushroom Mycelium (Pleurotus ostreatus) (Jacq) (P. Kumm) From Liquid And Solid Inoculum

Biocelebes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 279-287
Author(s):  
Nisfaun Safitriana ◽  
Umrah ◽  
Orryani Lambui
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Medium ◽  
Incubation Time ◽  
Pleurotus Ostreatus ◽  
Solid Medium ◽  
Oyster Mushroom ◽  
Mycelium Growth ◽  
Average Growth ◽  
Solid Media ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Department Faculty

The study about  the growth of white oyster mushroom mycelium (Pleurotus ostreatus) (Jacq) (P. Kumm) from liquid and solid inoculum conducted on January until July 2018 in Biotechnology laboratory, Biology Department, Faculty of Math and Science, Tadulako University. This study was aimed to find out the mycelium growth of source of stem inoculum and hood in liquid and solid media. This study was designed by Complete Randomized Design (CRD) which consisted of four treatments and five replications. The treatment were M1 (source of stem inoculum in liquid medium), M2 (source of stem inoculum in solid medium), M3 (source of hood inoculum in liquid medium), and M4 (source of hood inoculum in solid medium). The parameters were (a) incubation time till mycelium fills medium, (b) CFU, and (c) the viability of inoculum on producing medium. The result showed that the faster incubation were M1 and M3 (for 2 days, higher CFU was M3 with an average number 8,2 x 10 10 CFU /ml. The faster viability of mycelium growth were M3 with an average growth of mycelium 6,97 cm/days.

Phenobarbital Induction of UDP-glucosyltransferase Activity in Drosophila melanogaster Meigen

2000 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 465-473 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolina Rausell ◽  
Julia Llorca ◽  
M. Dolores Real
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Liquid Medium ◽  
Solid Medium ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Xanthurenic Acid ◽  
Maximum Induction ◽  
Differential Induction ◽  
Endogenous Substrates ◽  
Phenobarbital Induction ◽  
Exogenous Substrates

The inducibility of UDP-glucosyltransferase activities towards the exogenous substrates 1-naphthol and 2-naphthol and the endogenous metabolite xanthurenic acid was demonstrated in Drosophila melanogaster Meigen larvae and adults using phenobarbital as an inducer. In adults, a 3.5-fold increase of glucosyltransferase activity toward xanthurenic acid and a 2.0-fold increase of the activity toward exogenous substrates (1-naphthol and 2-naphthol) was found. In larvae, maximum induction of all three UDP-glucosyltransferase activities (2.5-fold and 1.5-fold increase of the activity toward the exogenous and endogenous substrates, respectively) was achieved when insects, reared on solid medium, were exposed to phenobarbital for 24 h. However, a 24-h exposure to inducer on liquid medium yielded the same level of induction as in solid medium only for xanthurenic acid:UDP-glucosyltransferase activity. Repression of the activities toward exogenous substrates also was noticed. On this medium, comparable induction to that detected on solid medium was found when inducer exposure was reduced to 2.5 h. According to the observed variation resulting from the different conditions of phenobarbital treatment, a differential induction of UDP-glucosyltransferase isoenzymes also was demonstrated. After 2.5 h of inducer exposure, three isoenzymes (every one specific for each of the three analysed substrates) were detected; whereas, after 24 h of inducer treatment, only one isoenzyme, specific for xanthurenic acid, was detected.

Deletion of TerD-domain-encoding genes: effect on Streptomyces coelicolor development

2012 ◽  
Vol 58 (10) ◽  
pp. 1221-1229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Édith Sanssouci ◽  
Sylvain Lerat ◽  
François Daigle ◽  
Gilles Grondin ◽  
François Shareck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Medium ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Solid Medium ◽  
Antibiotic Production ◽  
Streptomyces Coelicolor ◽  
Developmental Patterns ◽  
Small Colony ◽  
Encoding Genes ◽  
Actinorhodin Production

TerD-domain-encoding genes (tdd genes) are highly represented in the Streptomyces coelicolor genome. One of these, the tdd8 gene, was recently shown to have a crucial influence on growth, differentiation, and spore development of this filamentous bacterium. The investigation of the potential role of tdd genes has been extended here to tdd7 (SCO2367) and tdd13 (SCO4277). Both genes are highly expressed in bacteria grown in liquid-rich medium (tryptic soy broth). However, the deletion of these genes in S. coelicolor showed contrasting effects regarding developmental patterns, sporulation, and antibiotic production. Deletion of the tdd7 gene induced a reduction of growth in liquid medium, wrinkling of the mycelium on solid medium, and poor spore and actinorhodin production. On the other hand, deletion of the tdd13 gene did not significantly affect growth in liquid medium but induced a small colony phenotype on solid medium with abundant sporulation and overproduction of undecylprodigiosin. Although their exact functions remain undefined, the present data suggest a major involvement of TerD proteins in the proper development of S. coelicolor.

Effect of inoculum age and physical parameters on in vitro culture of the entomopathogenic nematode Steinernema feltiae

2016 ◽  
Vol 91 (6) ◽  
pp. 686-695 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.G. Leite ◽  
D.I. Shapiro-Ilan ◽  
S. Hazir ◽  
M.A. Jackson
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Medium ◽  
Solid Medium ◽  
Entomopathogenic Nematode ◽  
Steinernema Feltiae ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Symbiotic Association ◽  
Liquid Cultures ◽  
Inoculum Age

AbstractEntomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) of the families Steinernematidae and Heterorhabditidae have a symbiotic association with bacteria which makes them virulent against insects. EPNs have been mass produced using in vivo and in vitro methods, including both solid and liquid fermentation. This study assessed the effect of nematode inoculum age on the production of Steinernema feltiae in liquid, solid and biphasic processes. Several physical parameters were also assessed: the effect of medium viscosity, flask size and aeration speed on the recovery and yield of infective juveniles (IJs). Inoculum age treatments included inoculum liquid cultures that were 7, 14, 21 and 28 days old. Nematodes from the same inoculum were added to one liquid medium (liquid culture), one solid medium with bacteria previously grown in sponge (solid culture) and a variation of the solid medium (a biphasic culture), in which the bacteria were first grown in liquid and, then, soaked into the sponges, with the purpose of providing a more homogeneous bacterial culture before nematode inoculation. Experiments were conducted in Erlenmeyer flasks. Eight treatments were established involving combinations of three variables: two media (with and without 0.2% agar), two flask sizes (250 and 150 ml) and two agitation speeds (180 and 280 rpm). The study showed increases in nematode yield for liquid cultures, but not for solid or biphasic cultures, with the advance of the inoculum age up to 28 days of growth. Furthermore, the addition of 0.2% agar to the liquid medium and increasing the aeration rate by using larger flasks with higher agitation speed may increase nematode recovery and final yield. The experiments were conducted using shake flasks but the results may also be applicable for bioreactors.

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