Comparison of three analytical methods in the determination of gold in six Finnish gold ores, including a study on sample preparation and sampling

1999 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 219-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Juvonen ◽  
E Kontas
Keyword(s):  
Sample Preparation ◽  
Analytical Methods ◽  
Gold Ores

Bio-sample preparation and analytical methods for the determination of tricyclic antidepressants

Bioanalysis ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad N Uddin ◽  
Victoria F Samanidou ◽  
Ioannis N Papadoyannis
Keyword(s):  
Sample Preparation ◽  
Analytical Methods ◽  
Tricyclic Antidepressants

scholarly journals Analytical Methodologies for the Determination of Endocrine Disrupting Compounds in Biological and Environmental Samples

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zoraida Sosa-Ferrera ◽  
Cristina Mahugo-Santana ◽  
José Juan Santana-Rodríguez
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Sample Preparation ◽  
Analytical Methods ◽  
Flame Retardants ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting Compounds ◽  
Synthetic Chemicals ◽  
Biological And Environmental Samples ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Natural Hormones

Endocrine-disruptor compounds (EDCs) can mimic natural hormones and produce adverse effects in the endocrine functions by interacting with estrogen receptors. EDCs include both natural and synthetic chemicals, such as hormones, personal care products, surfactants, and flame retardants, among others. EDCs are characterised by their ubiquitous presence at trace-level concentrations and their wide diversity. Since the discovery of the adverse effects of these pollutants on wildlife and human health, analytical methods have been developed for their qualitative and quantitative determination. In particular, mass-based analytical methods show excellent sensitivity and precision for their quantification. This paper reviews recently published analytical methodologies for the sample preparation and for the determination of these compounds in different environmental and biological matrices by liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. The various sample preparation techniques are compared and discussed. In addition, recent developments and advances in this field are presented.

scholarly journals Comparative analysis of the effectiveness of analytical methods for the determination of aflatoxins in milk and dairy products (review information)

2020 ◽  
pp. 150-157
Author(s):  
S. Senin ◽  
V. Danchuk ◽  
S. Midyk ◽  
V. Ushkalov ◽  
O. Iakubchak
Keyword(s):  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Sample Preparation ◽  
Analytical Methods ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Milk And Dairy Products

The dairy industry of Ukraine is developing dynamically, its needs for the quality of raw materials are growing significantly. Detection of mycotoxins in raw milk is one of the main indicators of its safety. The high degree of toxicity of mycotoxins is a threat to the health of the lactating animal, so a large number of them are excreted in milk. If we talk about ruminants, the vast majority of mycotoxins are utilized by microorganisms of the pancreas, which does not occur in monogastric animals, so the list of mycotoxins in their milk can be much wider than the secretion of mammalian mammals. To date, the maximum permissible levels (MRLs) of mycotoxins in raw milk and dairy products have been established. Thus, a comprehensive determination of the content of mycotoxins in the secretion of the breast has not only technological but also important diagnostic value. Milk sample preparation is the most important step in the determination of mycotoxins and consists of sampling, extraction and purification from impurities. For the extraction of aflatoxins, the method of liquid extraction with acetonitrile or chloroform is used. Purification of extracts is carried out on immunoaffinity columns, cartridges with special sorbents or using certain manufacturers (MycoSep®).Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection are used to determine aflatoxin B1 and M1 in raw milk of cows. However, all these methods have a number of disadvantages, namely: long and expensive sample preparation and insufficiently high selectivity. Currently, the complex determination of mycotoxins in various matrices by high-performance liquid chromatography with mass spectrometric detection (LC-MS/MS) and the use of modified QuEChERS sample preparation is gaining popularity. The advantage of this technique is the combination of faster and cheaper sample preparation of QuEChERS samples with highly selective LC-MS/MS chromatography. Key words: mycotoxins, raw milk, analytical methods, QuEChERS.

Decomposition and Preconcentration Methods for the Determination of Pt, Pd, Re in Mineral Raw Materials

2014 ◽  
Vol 1040 ◽  
pp. 278-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yulia A. Oskina ◽  
Ekaterina Pakrieva ◽  
Elvira M. Ustinova ◽  
Andrey Kryazhov
Keyword(s):  
Sample Preparation ◽  
Analytical Methods ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Precious Metals ◽  
Rare Metals ◽  
Actual Problem ◽  
Mineral Raw Materials ◽  
Quantitative Content ◽  
Preparation Stage

Nowadays the actual problem of geochemistry is a deep and complex processing of mineral raw materials. Data on the quantitative content of precious and rare metals in various types of ores and rocks are necessary. It stimulates the development and improvement of chemical analytical methods for determination of these elements. Such methods are not applicable without sample preparation stage. Preparation of samples for analysis is the decomposition and preconcentration of rare and precious metals from matrix of mineral raw materials. The sample preparation schemes of platinum, palladium and rhenium are described in this paper.

Methodological Aspects of Plant Sterol and Stanol Measurement

2015 ◽  
Vol 98 (3) ◽  
pp. 674-676 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dieter Lütjohann
Keyword(s):  
Sample Preparation ◽  
Biological Samples ◽  
Analytical Methods ◽  
Plant Sterol ◽  
Cholesterol Synthesis ◽  
Surrogate Markers ◽  
Lipid Research ◽  
Detection Techniques ◽  
Methodological Aspects

Abstract Cholesterol, its biosynthetic precursors, its metabolite 5α-cholestanol and plant sterols are widely used today in clinical lipid research as surrogate markers of cholesterol synthesis and absorption. Advances in analytical methods for the determination of serum noncholesterol sterols and stanols within the last century are highlighted. This review focuses on sample preparation, separation, and detection techniques. Various aspects related to sterol and stanol analysis from biological samples are discussed.

scholarly journals MÉTODOS ANALÍTICOS PARA DETERMINAR LACTONAS MACROCÍCLICAS EN DIFERENTES TIPOS DE MATRICES. UNA REVISIÓN

Química Nova ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Vázquez-Quintal ◽  
Roger Rodríguez-Vivas ◽  
David Muñoz-Rodrígueza
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Sample Preparation ◽  
Method Validation ◽  
Analytical Methods ◽  
Macrocyclic Lactones ◽  
Environmental Matrices ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Para Determinar

ANALYTICAL METHODS FOR DETERMINATION OF MACROCYCLIC LACTONES IN DIFFERENT TYPES OF MATRICES. A REVIEW. The macrocyclic lactones (ML) are drugs widely used to combat endo- and ectoparasites in livestock, pets, crops, etc. Since marketing of ivermectin, the number of available ML increased considerably and, consequently, a wide variety of analytical methodologies for determination of MLs in multiple types of matrices have been published. Most of these methodologies have already been reviewed before so this paper is about those most recent and/or those have not been previously considered. In this review the focus is on biological, alimentary, and environmental matrices emphasizing on the most important techniques employed on sample preparation. Also, the liquid chromatography with of fluorescence and mass spectrometry detectors is discussed as the most used instrumental techniques for identification of MLs. Finally, a brief review is made on the importance of method validation and some strategies for its implementation.

scholarly journals The Influence of Ionic Liquids on the Effectiveness of Analytical Methods Used in the Monitoring of Human and Veterinary Pharmaceuticals in Biological and Environmental Samples—Trends and Perspectives

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia Treder ◽  
Tomasz Bączek ◽  
Katarzyna Wychodnik ◽  
Justyna Rogowska ◽  
Lidia Wolska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Sample Preparation ◽  
Analytical Methods ◽  
Physiological Activity ◽  
Terrestrial Ecosystems ◽  
Veterinary Pharmaceuticals ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Extraction And Separation ◽  
Biological And Environmental Samples

Recent years have seen the increased utilization of ionic liquids (ILs) in the development and optimization of analytical methods. Their unique and eco-friendly properties and the ability to modify their structure allows them to be useful both at the sample preparation stage and at the separation stage of the analytes. The use of ILs for the analysis of pharmaceuticals seems particularly interesting because of their systematic delivery to the environment. Nowadays, they are commonly detected in many countries at very low concentration levels. However, due to their specific physiological activity, pharmaceuticals are responsible for bioaccumulation and toxic effects in aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems as well as possibly upsetting the body’s equilibrium, leading to the dangerous phenomenon of drug resistance. This review will provide a comprehensive summary of the use of ILs in various sample preparation procedures and separation methods for the determination of pharmaceuticals in environmental and biological matrices based on liquid-based chromatography (LC, SFC, TLC), gas chromatography (GC) and electromigration techniques (e.g., capillary electrophoresis (CE)). Moreover, the advantages and disadvantages of ILs, which can appear during extraction and separation, will be presented and attention will be given to the criteria to be followed during the selection of ILs for specific applications.

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