Optimisation of treatment conditions of wheat straw with lime: Effect of concentration, moisture content and treatment time on chemical composition and in vitro digestibility

1998 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.K. Sirohi ◽  
S.N. Rai
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Treatment Conditions

Effect of fungal treatment on the chemical composition, in vitro digestibility and in sacco degradability of wheat straw

2003 ◽  
Vol 2003 ◽  
pp. 166-166
Author(s):  
H. Fazaeli ◽  
A. Azizi ◽  
Z. A. M. Jelan ◽  
S. A. Mirhadi
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
White Rot Fungi ◽  
White Rot ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Fungal Treatment ◽  
In Sacco Degradability ◽  
In Sacco

Fungal treatment has been recently considered as a promising method for improving the nutritive value of straw (Zadrazil et al., 1997). Several studies have been conducted to identify species of white-rot fungi for assessing their ability to improve the nutritive value of straw (Yamakamwa et al., 1992). Since there are many species of fungi in nature, there is an interest in characterising of some species. The objectives of this experiment were to study the effect of five Pleurotus fungi on the chemical composition, in vitro digestibility and in sacco degradability of wheat straw and evaluate their effect in upgrading the nutritive value of lignicellulosic materials.

EFFECT OF SULPHUR DIOXIDE AND AMMONIA ON CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND IN VITRO DIGESTIBILITY OF CORN STOVER AND BARLEY STRAW

1989 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
pp. 963-972 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. INNOCENTI ◽  
D. N. MOWAT ◽  
I. B. MANDELL
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Corn Stover ◽  
Sulphur Dioxide ◽  
Crop Residues ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Lignin Content ◽  
Temperature Treatment ◽  
Barley Straw ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility

The effects of temperature, treatment time and levels of SO2 and NH3 on the in vitro digestibility and chemical composition of corn stover and barley straw were evaluated. Sulphur dioxide improved (P > 0.05) in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) and in vitro cell wall digestibility (IVCWD) of corn stover when treated at 70 °C for 24 h. However, high SO2 levels (4 and 6%) at higher temperature (90 °C) and for a longer time (72 h) reduced (P < 0.05) IVDMD and IVCWD and increased (P < 0.05) lignin content. When barley straw was treated with SO2 at 70 °C, IVDMD and IVCWD were greater (P < 0.05) when the treatment was carried out for 72 h than for 24 h. The improvement in in vitro digestibilities with SO2 was associated with solubilization of large amounts of hemicellulose. Ammonia treatment at 70 °C for 24 h reduced (P < 0.05) hemicellulose content and increased (P < 0.05) IVDMD and IVCWD as well as apparent lignin content. Suphuration enhanced the effect of ammoniation on IVDMD and IVCWD and reduced lignin content, but did not further reduce hemicellulose over NH3 alone in both crop residues. Improvements in in vitro digestibilities obtained with NH3 treatment followed by SO2 were associated with reductions of hemicellulose and lignin. Sulphur dioxide and NH3 treatment at 70 °C for 24 h produced a greater improvement in IVDMD and IVCWD in barley straw than in corn stover. Treatment with SO2 following ammoniation further increased (P < 0.05) NH3-N and sulphur contents of corn stover. Key words: Chemical treatment, sulphur dioxide, ammonia, corn stover, barley straw, chemical composition, in vitro digestibility

Treatment of barley straw with ligninase enzyme or sodium hydroxide: effect on in vitro digestibility and chemical composition

1989 ◽  
Vol 1989 ◽  
pp. 153-153
Author(s):  
K. A. Khazaal ◽  
E. Owen ◽  
J. M. Palmer ◽  
A. P. Dodson ◽  
P. Harvey
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Sodium Hydroxide ◽  
Veratryl Alcohol ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Barley Straw ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Treatment Conditions ◽  
Four Levels

To date, practical methods of improving the digestibility of straw are largely confined to treatment with alkalis (Sundstol and Owen, 1984). Though effective, these chemicals can be hazardous for on-farm use and are potential pollutants. Biological methods of upgrading straw using fungi or enzymes (Zadrazil, 1984) would be less hazardous and more acceptable if practical and economic techniques could be developed. The present experiment examined the potential of ligninase enzyme produced from the fungus Phanerochaete ohrysosporium for upgrading straws. The aim was to define treatment conditions required. Treatment with sodium hydroxide was included as a positive control. Treatment effects were assessed by measuring changes in digestibility in vitro and chemical composition.Seventy two treatments were compared. 10 g samples of milled (1.0 mm) straw were immersed (ambient temperature 15°C) in 100 ml buffered (pH 3.5) solution, with one of four levels of ligninase (zero; 0.1 unit/10 g straw; 1.0 unit; 10 units; one unit of enzyme oxidises 1 μmol veratryl alcohol to veratraldehyde per minute, at pH 2.75), with or without hydrogen peroxide (ligninase depends on H2O2 for its oxidative reaction), veratryl alcohol (used to induce the ligninase production and activity), or both of them.

Effect of enzyme extracts isolated from white-rot fungi on chemical composition and in vitro digestibility of wheat straw

2008 ◽  
Vol 141 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 326-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.A.M. Rodrigues ◽  
P. Pinto ◽  
R.M.F. Bezerra ◽  
A.A. Dias ◽  
C.V.M. Guedes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Wheat Straw ◽  
White Rot Fungi ◽  
White Rot ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility

scholarly journals Temporal Variations in Chemical Composition, In Vitro Digestibility, and Metabolizable Energy of Plant Species Browsed by Goats in Southern Mediterranean Forest Rangeland

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1441
Author(s):  
Youssef Chebli ◽  
Samira El Otmani ◽  
Mouad Chentouf ◽  
Jean-Luc Hornick ◽  
Jean-François Cabaraux
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Condensed Tannin ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Mediterranean Forest ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Large Variability ◽  
Southern Mediterranean

Forest rangelands contribute largely to goat diets in the Mediterranean area. Information about browsed plant quality is essential for adequate feeding management. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the temporal changes in chemical composition and in vitro digestibility of the main plant species selected by goats in the Southern Mediterranean forest rangeland during two consecutive years; these were very contrasted (dry and wet). The browsed species were composed of herbaceous, eleven shrubs, and four tree species. Overall, large variability in chemical composition, in vitro organic matter digestibility (IVOMD), and metabolizable energy (ME) was observed among species, grazing season (spring, summer, and autumn), and years within each species. Crude protein (CP) content varied from 60 to 240 g/kg dry matter (DM). The fiber fractions, except for Quercus suber, increased significantly by advancing maturity. Due to the water stress, the lignin level presented a higher value during the spring of the dry year. Condensed tannin (CT) content varied from 2 to 184 g/kg DM. CP, IVOMD, and ME showed a negative correlation with lignin and CT. Based on the results presented herein, it is concluded that the nutritive value of the browsed plant species was highest in the spring and lowest during the summer and autumn of both studied years. With a good grazing management strategy, the selected plant species by goats could guarantee high-quality feeding resources throughout the year.

Upgrading wheat straw with urea at a tropical temperature: effects of amount of urea and moisture on in vitro digestibility and pH

1996 ◽  
Vol 1996 ◽  
pp. 212-212
Author(s):  
I.U. Haq ◽  
E. Owen
Keyword(s):  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Urea Solution ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Ammonia Treatment ◽  
Urea Treatment ◽  
Cow Urine ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Tropics ◽  
On Farm

Urea-ammonia treatment of straws in the tropics involves mixing 1.0 kg of air dry straw with 1.0 kg of a 40 g/kg urea solution and storing under plastic for at least 4 weeks (Schiere and Ibrahim, 1989). The economics of treatment is dependent on the cost of urea. Treatment cost would reduce, if on-farm-produced urine, e.g. cow urine, could be used as a source of urea. However cow urine is dilute and may contain only 10 g/kg urea or less (Owen, 1993). The present study therefore investigated varying concentrations of urea solution for treating wheat straw at a tropical temperature.

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