Pain modulation role of melatonin in eating disorders

2001 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Papezová ◽  
A. Yamamotová ◽  
J. Nedvídková
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Analgesic Effect ◽  
Pain Sensitivity ◽  
Pain Threshold ◽  
Pain Modulation ◽  
Melatonin Level ◽  
Female Patients ◽  
Thermal Pain

The objective of this study was to test the effect of melatonin on thermal pain threshold in female patients with eating disorders. Fourteen patients were included in the study. We found a parabolic relation between pain threshold and the content of urine sulfatoxymelatonin (r = 0.6299, P < 0.05). We can speculate that increase in severity of eating disorder pathology may decrease both the melatonin level and pain sensitivity. In contrast with expected melatonin analgesic effect, our results showed its possible normalizing influence as well on pathologically decreased pain sensitivity.

scholarly journals Office-Cycling: A Promising Way to Raise Pain Thresholds and Increase Metabolism with Minimal Compromising of Work Performance

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca Tronarp ◽  
André Nyberg ◽  
Mattias Hedlund ◽  
Charlotte K. Häger ◽  
Suzanne McDonough ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Work Performance ◽  
Pain Threshold ◽  
Pressure Pain Threshold ◽  
Pain Modulation ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Thermal Pain ◽  
Metabolic Expenditure ◽  
Pointing Precision ◽  
Mouse Pointing

Aim.Establishing the effects of low intensity cycling (LC), moderate intensity cycling (MC), and standing at a simulated office workstation on pain modulation, work performance, and metabolic expenditure.Methods.36 healthy adults (21 females), mean age 26.8 (SD 7.6) years, partook in this randomized3×3crossover trial with 75 minutes of LC on 20% of maximum aerobic power (MAP) output, 30 minutes of MC on 50% of MAP, and standing 30 minutes with 48-hour wash-out periods. Outcome measures were pain modulation (pressure pain threshold (PPT) and thermal pain threshold)), work performance (transcription, mouse pointing, and cognitive performance), and metabolic expenditure.Results.PPTs increased in all conditions. PPT trapezius showed the highest increase after LC, 39.3 kilopascals (kPa) (15.6; 78.6), compared to MC, 17.0 kPa (2.8; 49.9), and standing, 16.8 kPa (−5.6; 39.4),p=0.015. Transcription was reduced during LC and MC. Mouse pointing precision was best during standing and worst and slowest during MC. Cognitive performance did not differ between conditions. Metabolic expenditure rates were 1.4 (1.3; 1.7), 3.3 (2.3; 3.7), and 7.5 (5.8; 8.7) kcal/minute during standing, LC, and MC, respectively(p<0.001).Conclusions.LC seems to be the preferred option; it raised PPTs, more than doubled metabolic expenditure, whilst minimally influencing work performance.

Relationships Among Childhood Maltreatment, Limbic System Dysfunction, and Eating Disorders in College Women

2020 ◽  
pp. 088626052091259
Author(s):  
Andrea E. Mercurio ◽  
Fang Hong ◽  
Carolyn Amir ◽  
Amanda R. Tarullo ◽  
Anna Samkavitz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Eating Disorder ◽  
College Women ◽  
Limbic System ◽  
Indirect Effect ◽  
Childhood Maltreatment ◽  
Eating Pathology ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Eating Disorder Symptoms

The mechanisms linking childhood maltreatment and eating pathology are not fully understood. We examined the mediating role of limbic system dysfunction in the relationships between three forms of childhood maltreatment (parental psychological maltreatment, parental physical maltreatment, and parental emotional neglect) and eating disorder symptoms. A convenience sample of college women ( N = 246, M age = 19.62, SD = 2.41) completed measures of maltreatment (Parent-Child Conflict Tactics Scales and the Parental Bonding Instrument), limbic system dysfunction (Limbic System Questionnaire), and eating pathology (Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire). We hypothesized that there would be an indirect effect of each type of childhood maltreatment on eating disorder symptoms via limbic system irritability. Results generally supported the hypotheses. Examination of the individual paths that defined the indirect effect indicated that higher reported childhood maltreatment was associated with greater limbic irritability symptoms, and higher limbic irritability symptomatology was related to higher total eating disorder scores. There were no significant direct effects for any of the proposed models. Findings are in line with research supporting the role of limbic system dysfunction as a possible pathway in the maltreatment-eating disorder link. Given that limbic system dysfunction may underlie behavioral symptoms of eating disorders, efforts targeting limbic system dysfunction associated with child maltreatment might best be undertaken at an early developmental stage, although interventions for college women struggling with eating disorders are also crucial.

scholarly journals Associations between Blood Metabolic Profile at 7 Years Old and Eating Disorders in Adolescence: Findings from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children

Metabolites ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana Santos Ferreira ◽  
Christopher Hübel ◽  
Moritz Herle ◽  
Mohamed Abdulkadir ◽  
Ruth Loos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Binge Eating ◽  
Binge Eating Disorder ◽  
Metabolic Factors ◽  
Lower Odds

Eating disorders are severe illnesses characterized by both psychiatric and metabolic factors. We explored the prospective role of metabolic risk in eating disorders in a UK cohort (n = 2929 participants), measuring 158 metabolic traits in non-fasting EDTA-plasma by nuclear magnetic resonance. We associated metabolic markers at 7 years (exposure) with risk for anorexia nervosa and binge-eating disorder (outcomes) at 14, 16, and 18 years using logistic regression adjusted for maternal education, child’s sex, age, body mass index, and calorie intake at 7 years. Elevated very low-density lipoproteins, triglycerides, apolipoprotein-B/A, and monounsaturated fatty acids ratio were associated with lower odds of anorexia nervosa at age 18, while elevated high-density lipoproteins, docosahexaenoic acid and polyunsaturated fatty acids ratio, and fatty acid unsaturation were associated with higher risk for anorexia nervosa at 18 years. Elevated linoleic acid and n-6 fatty acid ratios were associated with lower odds of binge-eating disorder at 16 years, while elevated saturated fatty acid ratio was associated with higher odds of binge-eating disorder. Most associations had large confidence intervals and showed, for anorexia nervosa, different directions across time points. Overall, our results show some evidence for a role of metabolic factors in eating disorders development in adolescence.

scholarly journals OPRM1 and COMT polymorphisms: implications on postoperative acute, chronic and experimental pain after cardiac surgery

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 181-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maja Matic ◽  
Sjoerd de Hoogd ◽  
Saskia N de Wildt ◽  
Dick Tibboel ◽  
Catherijne AJ Knibbe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Pain Sensitivity ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Experimental Pain ◽  
Thermal Pain ◽  
Pain Outcomes ◽  
Average Pain ◽  
Postoperative Morphine ◽  
Adult Cardiac Surgery

Aim: Investigate the potential role of OPRM1 (mu-opioid receptor) and COMT (catechol-O-methyltransferase enzyme) polymorphisms in postoperative acute, chronic and experimental thermal pain. Methods: A secondary analysis of 125 adult cardiac surgery patients that were randomized between fentanyl and remifentanil during surgery and genotyped. Results: Patients in the fentanyl group with the COMT high-pain sensitivity haplotype required less postoperative morphine compared with the average-pain sensitivity haplotype (19.4 [16.5; 23.0] vs 34.6 [26.2; 41.4]; p = 0.00768), but not to the low-pain sensitivity group (30.1 [19.1; 37.7]; p = 0.13). No association was found between COMT haplotype and other pain outcomes or OPRM1 polymorphisms and the different pain modalities. Conclusion: COMT haplotype appears to explain part of the variability in acute postoperative pain in adult cardiac surgery patients.

Further Study of the Neurohumoral Factor, Endorphin, in the Mechanism of Acupuncture Analgesia

1979 ◽  
Vol 07 (02) ◽  
pp. 143-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mabel M. P. Yang ◽  
S. H. Kok
Keyword(s):  
Dental Pulp ◽  
Analgesic Effect ◽  
Pain Threshold ◽  
Acupuncture Analgesia ◽  
Pain Thresholds ◽  
Femoral Arteries ◽  
Jaw Opening ◽  
Jaw Opening Reflex ◽  
Arteries And Veins

Cross circulation was performed between the femoral arteries and veins of paired rabbits that were entirely conscious. Jaw opening reflex by dental pulp stimulation was used as pain index. When acupuncture was applied to the donor rabbit the pain thresholds of both the donor and recipient were elevated from 30 minutes to one hour after acupuncture stimulation and lasted for another 30 minutes after withdrawal of acupuncture. The analgesic effect in both the donor and recipient was abolished by the pretreatment of naloxone. The increase in the pain threshold of the non-acupunctured recipient was due to an opiate-like, humoral substance generated from the acupuncture donor. The possible role of endorphins in the mechanism of acupuncture analgesia is discussed.

scholarly journals Melatonin Level Variations with Different Behavioural Risk Factors in Obese Female Patients

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 613-617 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Malazonia ◽  
Tamar Zerekidze ◽  
Elen Giorgadze ◽  
Natia Chkheidze ◽  
Ketevan Asatiani
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Melatonin Level ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Female Patients ◽  
Behavioural Risk Factors ◽  
Obese Female ◽  
Behavioural Factors

AIM: The role of behavioural factors and sleep duration and quality is important in the pathogenesis of obesity. The aim of our study was to evaluate the effects of behavioural risk factors on melatonin secretion in women.SUBJECTS AND METHODS: In total, 120 female patients were enrolled in the study and divided into two groups according to the body mass index. Detailed history, anthropometric measurements, urine and blood samples were evaluated for each patient.RESULTS: Two groups significantly differed in weight, BMI, and waist circumference, and were 94.2 ± 14.9 kg, 33.4 ± 5.23 kg/m2 and 99.2 ± 12.6 cm for the study group and 56.0 ± 5.2 kg, 20.0 ± 1.8 kg/m2 and 60.1 ± 10.4 cm for the control group, respectively, sleep disruptions were detected in 48 patients from study group, with mean score 6.76 ± 3.6, and only 10 patients were detected in the control group, with mean score 4.42 ± 1.68. Eating disturbances were revealed in 66 patients from the study group and 21 patients from the control group. Melatonin levels were 17% higher in the study group, compared to control group.CONCLUSION: Higher melatonin levels in patients with obesity and concomitant behavioural impairments may be due to its protective effect to fight free radicals and to induce vasodilatation. Further studies are needed to confirm our finding.

Athletes’ Body Talk: The Role of Contextual Body Image in Eating Disorders as Seen Through the Eyes of Elite Women Athletes

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 675-698 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.P. (Karin) de Bruin ◽  
Raôul R.D. Oudejans
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Body Image ◽  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Women Athletes ◽  
Endurance Athletes ◽  
Weight Class ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Body Talk ◽  
Critical Aspects

The aim of the study was to investigate if and how body image, taken from a contextual perspective, contributes to the eating disorder history. This qualitative study investigated the process of eating disorder development in eight elite women athletes in at-risk sports. The results showed that the relationship between eating disorder symptomatology and the sports environment was clearly recognized by the elite women athletes. Contextual body image, more specifically negative body-evaluations and upward body comparisons, appeared as an important factor in the development of eating disorders, particularly in the athletic context. It became clear that the two aesthetic and two endurance athletes as well as the two weight-class athletes in rowing described quite negative body evaluations in the context of sport, while some of them also recognized an impact of body image experiences in daily life. However, for both judokas, their eating disorder had nothing to do with their body image but was attributed to the weight-classes in their sport and accompanying weight making. Several unique trajectories and individual eating disorder histories were distinguished which confirms the value of taking a qualitative approach in investigating eating disorders in sport. We also discovered links between what the athletes had reported as contributors to their eating disorder history and how they told their stories by combining content analysis and narrative inquiry. Furthermore, the present study also highlights several critical aspects for prevention and treatment that should support sport federations and clinical sport psychologists in taking appropriate actions to deal more effectively with eating disorders in athletes.

scholarly journals Eating disorders and oral health: a scoping review on the role of dietitians

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiffany Patterson-Norrie ◽  
Lucie Ramjan ◽  
Mariana S. Sousa ◽  
Lindy Sank ◽  
Ajesh George
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Promotion ◽  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Oral Health Care ◽  
Health Screening ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Oral Health Promotion

Abstract Background Compromised nutritional intake due to eating disorder related behaviors, such as binge eating and purging, can lead to multi-system medical complications, including an irreversible impact on oral health. However, dental anxiety, fear or embarrassment may hinder individuals with an eating disorder from seeking assistance for their oral health concerns. As key health professionals in eating disorder treatment, dietitians are well positioned to provide basic dental screening, however, their capacity to perform this role in practice has not been established. The aim of this review was to identify current evidence on the role of dietitians in promoting oral health among individuals with eating disorders. Methods A comprehensive search of eight electronic databases and the grey literature was conducted to address the following three focus areas: 1) guidelines and recommendations on the role of dietitians in oral health 2) knowledge, attitudes and practices of dietitians regarding oral health promotion and; 3) current models of oral health care and resources for dietitians. Results Twelve articles were included. The review indicated that current national and international position statements encourage dietitians to conduct basic oral health screening and promote oral health in high risk populations, such as those with an eating disorder. However, no evidence was found to indicate dietitians performed oral health screening or education in populations with an eating disorder. In other population settings, dietitians were found to play a role in oral health promotion, however, were noted to have mixed knowledge on oral health risk factors, prevention and treatment and generally were not providing referrals. Some oral health promotion resources existed for dietitians working in pediatric, HIV and geriatric clinical areas however no resources were identified for dietitians working in eating disorder settings. Conclusion Despite current evidence showing that dietitians can play a role in oral health care, no models of care exist where dietitians promote oral health among individuals with an eating disorder. There are also no training resources and screening tools for dietitians in this area. Further research is required to develop this model of care and assess its feasibility and acceptability.

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