Psychosis Related to TBI

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (S1) ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
O. Euba ◽  
E. Zallo ◽  
N. Sanchez ◽  
M. Torreblanca ◽  
A. Arroita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Left Hemisphere ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Systemic Review ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
List Type ◽  
Type Number ◽  
Legal Implications ◽  
Wide Range

Aims:Traumatic brain injury (TBI) cause a wide range of serious consequences, including psychiatric disorders. Psychosis although uncommon is a very serious consequences with important functional, therapeutical and legal implications.Methods:Our work is based on a systemic review of the articles published related to TBI and psychosis.Results and conlusions:Three different features about TBI and their relation with the development of psychotic symptoms are analyzed.1.Severity: Serious TBI are more related to psychosis. Moderate and minor TBI can develop mental disorders is there is a previous neurological lesions.2.Localization: Temporal lobe appears affected in most of the patients.3.Lateralization: Left hemisphere is usually affected.Left hemisphere traumas appear to cause schizophrenia-like psychosis. Right hemisphere traumas are related to delirious and special types of psychosis.

Postraumatic Psychosis. Clinical Features

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (S1) ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
O. Euba ◽  
E. Zallo ◽  
M. Torreblanca ◽  
A. Arroita ◽  
N. Sánchez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Systemic Review ◽  
After Effects ◽  
Legal Implications ◽  
Wide Range

Aims:Traumatic brain injury (TBI) cause a wide range of after-effects, including psychiatric disorders. Psychosis although uncommon is a very serious consequences with important functional, therapeutical and legal implications.Methods:Our work is based on a systemic review of the articles published related to TBI and psychosis.Results and conclusions:Delirious psychosis are twice more common than schizophrenia-like psychosis (28% to 14%).Delusions and hallucinations are predominant over passive phenomena or negative symptoms.Evolution and chronicity of postraumatic psychosis depends on the severity of the TBI and on the psychiatric and neurological previous conditions.Treatment is the same as used for typical psychosis, even though side effects are more frequent.

Sexual Addiction and Psychiatric Comorbidity

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (S1) ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
M. Kamenskov
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Mental Disease ◽  
Paranoid Schizophrenia ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
List Type ◽  
Sexual Perversion ◽  
Dynamic Transformation ◽  
Organic Mental Disorders ◽  
Behavior Motivation

In order to create hypotheses about the relationship between the dynamic of paraphilia and the other mental disorders we conducted a study of 60 males with paraphilia. All the patients were distributed in 3 diagnostic groups:1.Paraphilia and organic mental disorders (dementia - 10%; organic asthenic disorder - 5%; syndrome of limbic epilepsy personality - 18,3%; organic pseudopsychopathic disorder - 26,7%).2.Paraphilia and schizophrenic disorders (paranoid schizophrenia - 15%; pseudopsychopathic schizophrenia - 10%).3.Paraphilia and mixed and other personality disorders - 15%.Results:Dynamic transformation of paraphilia (connection of new paraphilia’s forms to already existing) has been connected with the psychotic symptoms, convulsive attacks and increase of negative symptoms of schizophrenia, epilepsy and dementia (r=0.87, p=0.02 - canonical analysis).Abnormal sexual imaginations appear during manifestation of schizophrenia in puberty age. A syndrome of a metaphysical intoxication, delusional depersonalization coexisted with available sexual perversion. In sexually mature age of patients with schizophrenia, dynamic transformation of paraphilia was associated with increase of negative symptoms (in remission). Anabatic of schizophrenia correspond with a degree of aggression sexual perversion.New forms paraphilia of patients with epilepsy appear after repeatedly transferred convulsive attacks.In persons with other organic mental disorders, dynamic transformation of paraphilia was observed in cases of formation dementia against a background of the impairments of cognitive function, deterioration in emotional control, social behavior, motivation and prognosis.Conclusion:Dynamic transformation of paraphilia corresponds with a clinic and dynamic of mental disease: schizophrenia, epilepsy and dementia.

Latency Period Between TBI and the Beginning of Psychosis

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (S1) ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
O. Euba ◽  
E. Zallo ◽  
M. Torreblanca
Keyword(s):  
Brain Damage ◽  
Psychotic Disorder ◽  
Latency Period ◽  
Systemic Review ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Average Latency ◽  
Dsm Iv

Aims:Latency period between brain damage and the beginning of the psychotic symptoms is a very controversial remark, when we are trying to sharpen in the etiology of a postraumatic psychosis.Methods:Our work is based on a systemic review of the articles published related to TBI and psychosis.Results and conclusions:The average latency period is between 4 and 5 years, including a wide range of time from days to years.Results may not be very accurate because in some articles any psychotic sympton is included even if there is not a complete psychotic disorder as described in DSM-IV.

Polly wants a Doha deal: what does the trade community think?

2011 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 551-555 ◽  
Author(s):  
PATRICK MESSERLIN ◽  
ERIK VAN DER MAREL
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
International Institutions ◽  
Think Tanks ◽  
List Type ◽  
Type Number ◽  
Doha Round ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Open Discussion ◽  
Key Questions

After ten years of negotiations, the Doha ‘Round is on the verge of collapse. At this difficult juncture, it is interesting to get a sense of the mood and thinking of the trade community on three key questions1:1.How serious is the situation?2.What are the causes of the current stalemate?3.What are the best solution(s)Two recent fora give an opportunity to analyze the answers of 71 observers to these questions at a crucial time, namely the month preceding the collapse of expectations that Doha might be completed by the end of 2011 (from April 1 to May 2, 2011). The CUTS Trade Forum (2011) triggered by Jagdish Bhagwati's op.ed. ‘Polly Wants a Doha Deal’ offered an open discussion forum where the 57 self-selected respondents could make their remarks with no pre-established format. The VoxEU (2011) e-book ‘Why World Leaders Must Resist the False Promise of a Doha Delay’ gathered short chapters written by 14 authors chosen by the e-book editors and willing to contribute. The respondents (all of them with a long experience in trade matters) include academics (25), former and current negotiators (9), lawyers (4), journalists (3), business (3), national civil servants (2) and trade policy experts (25 in total, of whom six are working in international institutions and nine in think tanks). Participants came from all continents: Africa (1), Asia (6), Europe (23), North America (15), Latin America (6), with a few countries particularly well represented (11 from the USA, 4 from Canada, 3 from Australia). The 17 respondents based in Geneva represent a wide range of nationalities.

Correlations of Wechsler-Bellevue Rank Orders of Subtest Means in Lateralized and Non-Lateralized Brain-Damaged Groups

1964 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 391-399 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles G. Matthews ◽  
Ralph M. Reitan
Keyword(s):  
Brain Damage ◽  
Left Hemisphere ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Rank Order ◽  
Brain Dysfunction ◽  
Visual Field Defects ◽  
Rank Orders ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Spatial Configurations ◽  
The Right

Rank difference coefficients of correlation were computed between Wechsler-Bellevue (Form I) rank orders of subtest means in 20 groups of adult Ss with verified brain damage. Six groups with right hemisphere damage, 6 groups with left hemisphere damage, and 8 groups with non-lateralized brain damage were included, with the groups composed according to a variety of lateralizing criteria including independent conclusions drawn from neurological, neurosurgical and neuropathological findings, EEG lateralization, visual field defects, suppression phenomena, dysphasia and difficulty in copying spatial configurations. Consistencies in rank orders of subtest means far beyond chance expectancies were demonstrated within the lateralized brain-damaged categories, while highly significant differences in subtest rank orders were shown between the right and left hemisphere groups. The results suggested that lateralization of brain lesions has a striking effect upon the rank order of Wechsler-Bellevue subtests and that consistent relationships obtain across a wide range of structural, electrophysiological and behavioral criteria of lateralized brain dysfunction.

scholarly journals Wolf-Rayet Phenomena

1982 ◽  
Vol 99 ◽  
pp. 3-22
Author(s):  
P. S. Conti
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Spectrum ◽  
Emission Lines ◽  
List Type ◽  
Type Number ◽  
Balmer Series ◽  
Intrinsic Absorption ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Emission Line Spectrum ◽  
Hydrogen Lines ◽  
Future Work

I have been asked to review in broad terms the concept of Wolf-Rayet (W-R) phenomena, that is, to outline what we currently know about the properties of stars showing such phenomena and to indicate the directions in which future work is leading. I thought I would begin by listing the characteristics of W-R spectra to which probably all the participants at this Symposium will be able to agree. These can readily be adapted from Thomas (1968) who discussed them at the Boulder W-R Symposium. The characteristics of W-R spectra are as follows: (1)They are primarily an emission line spectrum superimposed on a “hot” continuous spectrum.(2)P Cygni absorption components are observed for some lines in some stars; a fact not realized in 1968 was that a very few W-R stars have intrinsic absorption lines (e.g. The Balmer series in HD 92740 — Niemela (1973).(3)The emission lines represent a wide range of excitation and ionization. This level is often higher than indicated by simple modeling of the continuous spectrum.(4)The emission lines are broad, corresponding to widths of hundreds to thousands of kilometers per second; widths often differ among various ions in the same star.(5)The W-R stars can be divided into two subtypes: These are the WN types, in which the ions of nitrogen dominate, and the WC types, in which the ions of carbon (and oxygen) dominate. Both sub-types have strong lines of helium; in a few cases, hydrogen lines, in emission, are also observed (Underbill 1968).

scholarly journals Radio Observations of Moderately Compact Steep Spectrum Sources

1989 ◽  
Vol 134 ◽  
pp. 537-538
Author(s):  
Chidi Akujor ◽  
I.W.A. Browne ◽  
P.N. Wilkinson
Keyword(s):  
Radio Galaxies ◽  
Radio Spectrum ◽  
List Type ◽  
Type Number ◽  
Radio Observations ◽  
Radio Structure ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Compact Sources

It is now common practice for objects with a steep radio spectrum and compact radio structure to be lumped together and called compact steep spectrum (CSS) sources (Peacock and Wall, 1982; van Breugel, 1984 Fanti et al. 1985). This rather arbitrary categorisation results in the class containing sources with a wide range of structures, from core-jet or complex (e.g. 3C147,3C48), small classical doubles (e.g. 3C237, 3C241), to VLBI compact doubles (e.g. CTD93; Phillips and Mutel, 1982). Some of the questions we are asking include: (a)Are compact sources intrinsically small, or do they appear small because they are seen in projection?(b)Why are structures in compact radio galaxies and compact radio quasars different? Wilkinson et al. (1984) and Spencer et al (1988, in preparation)have shown that there appears to be a ‘clear-cut’ difference in morphology between quasar CSS and galaxy CSS, with quasars showing more distortions while galaxies tend to be doubles. But is this trend present even in their slightly more-extended counterparts?

scholarly journals The relationships between obstructive sleep apnea and psychiatric disorders: a narrative review

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaja Hanna Karakuła ◽  
Aleksander Ryczkowski ◽  
Elżbieta Sitarz ◽  
Jacek Januszewski ◽  
Dariusz Juchnowicz
Keyword(s):  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
List Type ◽  
Study Protocols ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Increased Risk

Abstract Introduction: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is the most common sleep-related breathing disorder. Its prevalence tends to increase worldwide. Untreated sleep apnea is associated with a higher risk of metabolic diseases, cardiovascular diseases, stroke, road accidents, and death, but also it is suggested that it increases the risk of mental disorders. Method: The literature review was based on a search of articles on Medline, Pubmed, and Google Scholar from 2003 to 2021 using the keywords: obstructive sleep apnea; mental disorders; cognitive functions; affective disorders; depression; bipolar disorder; schizophrenia; psychotic disorders. The analysis included original studies, meta-analysis, and review articles. Discussion: The result obtained from researches published so far does not allow for drawing unequivocal conclusions. There is a lot of bias present in study protocols and inclusion/exclusion criteria. Nonetheless, it seems that some disorders have a better proven correlation with OSA. Cognitive impairment, depression, and anxiety disorders are linked to OSA not only in terms of the overlapping of symptoms but also of a causal relationship. Psychotic disorders and bipolar disorders connections with OSA are confirmed, but they are not yet well understood. All correlations are found to be possibly bidirectional. Conclusion: 1. Multiple lines of evidence increasingly point towards a bidirectional connection between OSA and mental disorders, and the cause and effect relationship between these two groups of disorders requires further research. 2. Due to reports of an increased risk of OSA with antipsychotic drugs, caution should be exercised when initiating therapy with this type of drug in patients with known risk factors for it. 3. Screening for OSA in psychiatric patients should be introduced as OSA can increase cognitive impairment, affective, and psychotic symptoms.

Spectrographic and X-ray data on some fluorites from the Transvaal, South Africa

1954 ◽  
Vol 30 (224) ◽  
pp. 327-332 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. G. D. Steyn
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
List Type ◽  
Type Number ◽  
Igneous Complex ◽  
Geological Significance ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Minor Elements ◽  
Rock Types ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Bushveld Igneous Complex

The fluorites of the Transvaal occur in different rock-types, viz in the dolomite of the Transvaal System, in acidic rocks (red granite and granophyre of the Bushveld igneous complex and Rooiberg felsites), and in alkalic rocks. The purpose of this study was to determine:(1) What minor elements are present in selected fluorites.(2) What the effect of these elements is on the respective cube-edges.(3) Whether these elements have any geological significance.Fluorite displays a wide range of colour; both colourless and distinctly coloured specimens were examined. Differently coloured varieties could in some instances be taken from the same sample. The choice of coloured varieties in the different rock-types was nevertheless limited. Only light-coloured fluorites occur in the dolomite, whereas the alkalic rocks yielded only very dark purple specimens.

Dimensions of Behaviour in Infant School Children

1975 ◽  
Vol 126 (2) ◽  
pp. 114-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Kolvin ◽  
S. Wolff ◽  
L. M. Barber ◽  
E. G. Tweddle ◽  
R. F. Garside ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
School Children ◽  
Aggressive Behaviour ◽  
Clinical Approach ◽  
List Type ◽  
Multivariate Approach ◽  
Type Number ◽  
Homogeneous Groups ◽  
Infant School ◽  
Wide Range

Much attention has been devoted to the classification of the behaviour disorders of childhood, and various authors have identified what they consider to be clinically homogeneous groups. The alternative to a clinical approach to classification is a multivariate approach in an attempt to identify more scientifically the main dimensions underlying the wide range of behaviour disorders that occur in children. A model for a multivariate classification was pioneered by Hewitt and Jenkins (1946), who delineated three behaviour syndromes: (a)socialized delinquency;(b)unsocialized aggressive behaviour;(c)over-inhibited behaviour.

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