A Controlled Study of Depression among Attendees of an Oncology Clinic in West Africa

2011 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 339-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew T. Olagunju ◽  
Olatunji F. Aina
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Depressive Symptomatology ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Severe Depression ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Systematic Random Sampling ◽  
Prevalence Of Depression ◽  
The Difference

Objective: Depression is commonly encountered among cancer patients and has been linked with grave consequences if not promptly treated. This study was set to determine the prevalence of depression in cancer patients. Method: The samples were recruited using systematic random sampling and made up of 200 cancer patients and 200 age and sex matched controls that consented and met the inclusion criteria. The instruments used included: Socio-demographic and clinical profile questionnaire, Centre for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale Revised (CES-DR), and the Schedule for Clinical Assessment in Neuropsychiatry (SCAN). The instruments were administered by the researchers on the subjects and controls, and data obtained were analyzed using SPSS-15. Results: A larger proportion of cancer patients compared to controls had depressive symptomatology (CES-DR score of 16 and above) made up of 98 (49.0%) cancer patients compared to 40 (20.0%) controls, and the difference was statistically significant, p = < 0.001. Seventy-four (18.5%) subjects from the two groups had depressive disorder using SCAN. The prevalence of depression in cancer subjects was 27.5% with 9.5% in controls and the difference was statistically significant with p = < 0.001. A substantial proportion of cancer patients with depression, 36 (65.5%, n = 55), had moderate depression, 15 (27.3%, n = 55) were mildly depressed, and 7.2% ( n = 55) had severe depression. Conclusion: A significant proportion of cancer patients had depression compared with the controls with acute medical conditions. Prompt identification and treatment of cancer, mental disorders like depression should be integrated into cancer care in this part of the world.

The prevalence of depression in patients with cushing’s syndrome

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 620-620
Author(s):  
R. Danciulescu Miulescu ◽  
M.E. Calarasu ◽  
R.I. Rosca ◽  
S. Danoiu
Keyword(s):  
Major Depression ◽  
Cushing’S Syndrome ◽  
Depressive Symptomatology ◽  
Medical Condition ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Severe Depression ◽  
Cushing's Syndrome ◽  
Mild Depression ◽  
Prevalence Of Depression ◽  
Concomitant Medications

Background and aimsCushing's patients demonstrate major depression more than any other medical condition. Major depression is a common, complication of Cushing’s syndrome, with no significant differences between pituitary -dependent and -independent forms. The aims of the study is to estimate the prevalence of depression in patients with Cushing’s syndrome.Materials and methods23 patients with Cushing’s syndrome (14 with pituitary-dependent and 9 with pititary-independent forms) were recruited for this study. The subjects were between 52 and 67 years. Patients were screened initially with a questionnaire detailing their age, medical history, concomitant medications. The Zung self-rating depression scale was used to assess depressive symptomatology. It contains 20 items: index scores below 50 reflect no depression, 50–59 reflect mild depression, 60–69 reflect marked to moderate depression and scores of ≥ 70 reflect severe to extreme depression. Results were compared with measurements in 21 subjects without Cushing’s syndrome.ResultsThe prevalence of depression in patients with Cushing’s syndrome was 52.17% (12 patients). 2 patients (2 women) present mild depression and 10 patients (9 women and 1 men) present moderate or severe depression. Moderate or severe depression was significantly associated with older age, female sex, relatively more severe clinical condition. The prevalence of depression in 21 subjects without Cushing’s syndrome was 4.76% (1 women with mild depression).ConclusionThis study showed that patients with Cushing’s syndrome have a greater a risk of depression than people without Cushing’s syndrome. Patients with Cushing’s syndrome should be routinely screened and adequately treated for depression.

scholarly journals Prevalence of depression and depressive symptoms among outpatients: a systematic review and meta-analysis

BMJ Open ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. e017173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinghui Wang ◽  
Xiaohang Wu ◽  
Weiyi Lai ◽  
Erping Long ◽  
Xiayin Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Significant Heterogeneity ◽  
Prevalence Of Depression

ObjectivesDepression and depressive symptoms are common mental disorders that have a considerable effect on patients’ health-related quality of life and satisfaction with medical care, but the prevalence of these conditions varies substantially between published studies. The aim of this study is to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to provide a precise estimate of the prevalence of depression or depressive symptoms among outpatients in different clinical specialties.DesignSystematic review and meta-analysis.Data sources and eligibility criteriaThe PubMed and PsycINFO, EMBASE and Cochrane Library databases were searched to identify observational studies that contained information on the prevalence of depression and depressive symptoms in outpatients. All studies included were published before January 2016. Data characteristics were extracted independently by two investigators. The point prevalence of depression or depressive symptoms was measured using validated self-report questionnaires or structured interviews. Assessments were pooled using a random-effects model. Differences in study-level characteristics were estimated by meta-regression analysis. Heterogeneity was assessed using standard χ2tests and the I2statistic. The study protocol has been registered with PROSPERO under number CRD42017054738.ResultsEighty-three cross-sectional studies involving 41 344 individuals were included in this study. The overall pooled prevalence of depression or depressive symptoms was 27.0% (10 943/41 344 individuals; 95% CI 24.0% to 29.0%), with significant heterogeneity between studies (p<0.0001, τ2=0.3742, I2=96.7%). Notably, a significantly higher prevalence of depression and depressive symptoms was observed in outpatients than in the healthy controls (OR 3.16, 95% CI 2.66 to 3.76, I2=72.0%, χ2=25.33). The highest depression/depressive symptom prevalence estimates occurred in studies of outpatients from otolaryngology clinics (53.0%), followed by dermatology clinics (39.0%) and neurology clinics (35.0%). Subgroup analyses showed that the prevalence of depression and depressive symptoms in different specialties varied from 17.0% to 53.0%. The prevalence of depression and depressive symptoms was higher among outpatients in developing countries than in outpatients from developed countries. Moreover, the prevalence of depression and depressive symptoms in outpatients slightly decreased from 1996 to 2010. Regarding screening instruments, the Beck Depression Inventory led to a higher estimate of the prevalence of depression and depressive symptoms (1316/4702, 36.0%, 95% CI 29.0% to 44.0%, I2=94.8%) than the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (1003/2025, 22.0%, 95% CI 12.0% to 35.0%, I2=96.6%).ConclusionOur study provides evidence that a significant proportion of outpatients experience depression or depressive symptoms, highlighting the importance of developing effective management strategies for the early identification and treatment of these conditions among outpatients in clinical practice. The substantial heterogeneity between studies was not fully explained by the variables examined.

scholarly journals Does your neighborhood protect you from being depressed? A study on social trust and depression in Indonesia

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamad Fahmi ◽  
Nur Afni Panjaitan ◽  
Ibnu Habibie ◽  
Adiatma Y. M. Siregar ◽  
Gilang Amarullah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Trust ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Severe Depression ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Multilevel Regression ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Prevalence Of Depression ◽  
The Individual

Abstract Background Prevalence of depression in Indonesia is estimated at about 3.7% of the total population, although the actual may be higher. Studies worldwide have linked the environment where people live to their mental health status. However, little research is found in Indonesia regarding this link. We examined the association between individuals’ perception towards their neighborhood and their depression symptoms. Methods Social trust was measured at the individual (level 1) and community (level 2) levels based on the Indonesian Family Life Survey 5 (IFLS5) in 2014. Depression was measured using the 10-item Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression Scale Revised (CESD-R-10) and the scores were transformed into logit form using the Rasch model. Multilevel regression was used to determine correlations. Results Of the total sample of 14,227 respondents in this study, about 19.4% had experienced severe depression symptoms in the past week. Social trust was found to be significantly associated with severe depression symptoms. The weaker the individuals’ social trust towards their neighbourhood, the higher the probability of experiencing severe depression symptoms would be. Conclusions This study shows that social trust is associated with the severity of depression symptoms: the higher the social trust, the lower the probability of having severe depression symptoms is. Depression symptoms may also be attributed to significant differences between communities.

Absence of major depressive disorder in female cancer patients.

1985 ◽  
Vol 3 (11) ◽  
pp. 1553-1560 ◽  
Author(s):  
S B Lansky ◽  
M A List ◽  
C A Herrmann ◽  
E G Ets-Hokin ◽  
T K DasGupta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Performance Status ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Current Treatment ◽  
Karnofsky Performance Scale ◽  
Prevalence Of Depression ◽  
History Of ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
History Of Depression

This investigation evaluated the prevalence of depression in female patients who had cancer in any of five predesignated sites. Five hundred five women aged 17 to 80 (190 with breast cancer, 143 with gynecologic malignancies, 111 with melanoma, 37 with bowel cancer, and 24 with lymphoma) were randomly screened. Assessment included the Hamilton rating scale for depression, the Zung self-rating depression scale, the Karnofsky performance scale, and a 10-cm visual pain analogue line. The results revealed a mean Hamilton of 10.2 (range, 0 to 41; SD, 7.5), a mean Zung score of 35.3 (range, 11 to 68; SD, 9.6), a Karnofsky median score of 80, and a median pain score of 0. Scores on the Zung scale were highly correlated with those of the Hamilton scale (r = .75). Based on cutoff scores accepted as indicating depression (Hamilton greater than or equal to 20 and Zung greater than or equal to 50), patients were depressed. The depressed subgroup was in significantly more pain, experienced greater physical disability, and was more likely to have had prior episodes of depression as compared to the non-depressed women. The two best predictors of current depression were performance status (Karnofsky) and history of depression. No relationship was found between depression and other demographic variables or disease parameters (diagnosis, time since diagnosis, stage or phase of illness, and current treatment). Our findings indicate that the prevalence of major depression in cancer patients is lower than many previous studies have indicated and falls within the range seen in the general population.

A Cross-National Self-Report Measure of Depressive Symptomatology

1993 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret Gatz ◽  
Boo Johansson ◽  
Nancy Pedersen ◽  
Stig Berg ◽  
Chandra Reynolds
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptomatology ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Psychomotor Retardation ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Symptoms Of Depression ◽  
Representative Samples ◽  
Report Measure ◽  
Cross National

The Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression scale (CES-D) was administered in Swedish to two representative samples, one aged 84 to 90 (mean = 87), the second aged 29 to 95 (mean = 61). There were both linear and quadratic differences with age: the oldest individuals were highest on depressive symptoms, but younger adults were higher than middle-aged. Dimensions or subscales identified by previous studies were generally replicated, including a sadness and depressed mood factor, a psychomotor retardation and loss of energy factor, and a well-being factor (on which items are reverse-scored to indicate depression). The findings support cross-national use of the CES-D to assess self-reported symptoms of depression in adults and older adults.

A Controlled Study of the Onset, Duration and Prevalence of Postnatal Depression

1993 ◽  
Vol 163 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
John L. Cox ◽  
Declan Murray ◽  
Gail Chapman
Keyword(s):  
Postnatal Depression ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Psychiatric Interview ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Psychosocial Sequelae ◽  
Long Duration ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Prevalence Of Depression ◽  
And Control

In a two-stage screening procedure using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale and Goldberg's Standardised Psychiatric Interview, 232 women six months after delivery were compared with control women individually matched for age, marital status and number of children, obtained from general practitioner lists, who were not pregnant nor had had a baby in the previous 12 months. No significant difference in the point prevalence of depression at six months was found between the postnatal (9.1%) and control women (8.2%) nor in the six-month period prevalence (13.8% postnatal, 13.4% controls), but a threefold higher rate of onset of depression was found within five weeks of childbirth. The possible explanations relate to the long duration of depression in women with young children, and the stressful effect of childbirth and its psychosocial sequelae.

scholarly journals Late-life depression and mortality: influence of gender and antidepressant use

2008 ◽  
Vol 192 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanne Ryan ◽  
Isabelle Carriere ◽  
Karen Ritchie ◽  
Robert Stewart ◽  
Gwladys Toulemonde ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Severe Depression ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Late Life Depression ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards Models ◽  
Antidepressant Use

BackgroundDepression may increase the risk of mortality among certain subgroups of older people, but the part played by antidepressants in this association has not been thoroughly explored.AimsTo identify the characteristics of older populations who are most at risk of dying, as a function of depressive symptoms, gender and antidepressant use.MethodAdjusted Cox proportional hazards models were used to determine the association between depression and/or antidepressant use and 4-year survival of 7363 community-dwelling elderly people. Major depressive disorder was evaluated using a standardised psychiatric examination based on DSM-IV criteria and depressive symptoms were assessed using the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression scale.ResultsDepressed men using antidepressants had the greatest risk of dying, with increasing depression severity corresponding to a higher hazard risk. Among women, only severe depression in the absence of treatment was significantly associated with mortality.ConclusionsThe association between depression and mortality is gender-dependent and varies according to symptom load and antidepressant use.

A Cross-Sectional Analysis of Factors that Influence the Detection of Depression in Older Primary Care Patients

2005 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 262-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jon J Pfaff ◽  
Jon J Pfaff ◽  
Osvaldo P Almeida
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Primary Care ◽  
Older Patients ◽  
Depressive Symptomatology ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Screening Tools ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Summary Sheet

Objective: To determine the characteristics of depressed older patients whose mental health status is detected by their general practitioner (GP). Method: Cross-sectional analytical design of 218 patients scoring above the cut-off (≥ 16) of the Center for Epidemiological Studies – Depression Scale (CES-D), from a sample of 916 consecutive patients aged 60 years or over attending one of 54 randomly selected GPs in Western Australia. Prior to their medical consultation, patients completed a self-report questionnaire, which included questions about depressive symptomatology (CES-D). Following the consultation, general practitioners recorded the patient's presenting complaint(s), medication information, and mental health details on a patient summary sheet. Results: Among these 218 patients, 39.9% (87/218) were correctly classified as depressed by their GP. Detection of depressive symptomatology was associated with patients who acknowledged taking sleeping tablets (OR = 2.6, 95% CI = 1.3–5.4), had CES-D scores indicative of major depression (≥ 22) (OR = 2.8, 95% CI = 1.4–5.6) and were thought to be at risk for suicide (OR = 35.1, 95% CI = 4.5–274.2). Conclusions: While GPs are most apt to detect depression among older patients with prominent mental health symptoms, many patients in this age group silently experience significant depressive symptomatology and miss the opportunity for effective treatment. The routine use of screening tools in primary care is recommended to enhance the detection rate of depression in older adults.

Prevalence of depression among relatives of cancer patients in Jordan: A cross-sectional survey

2011 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nizar M. Mhaidat ◽  
Suleiman A. Ai-Sweedan ◽  
Karem H. Alzoubi ◽  
Sayer I. Alazzam ◽  
Mohammed N. Banihani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Chronically Ill ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Psychological Status ◽  
Disease Stage ◽  
Psychological State ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Prevalence Of Depression

AbstractObjective:Depression is common among chronically ill patients and their relatives. In this article, we investigated the prevalence of depression among relatives of cancer patients in Jordan, and studied the relation between several socio-demographic, disease- and treatment-related factors, together with the occurrence of depression among those relatives.Method:A cross-sectional survey study was conducted at a major university hospital in Jordan. Relatives of cancer patients were interviewed for socio-demographic information, and medical records were checked for information about disease and treatment of patient. Psychological status of the relative was assessed using the Hospital Anxiety & Depression Scale (HADS).Results:The prevalence of depression in our sample was 81.9%. Age and degree of relatedness were significantly correlated with the occurrence of depression among relatives of cancer patients. Significant correlations were also detected between depression among patient's relatives and the stage of the disease. Positive predictive factors for depression included relatives being middle aged, close relatedness, patients being in advanced disease stage, and on chemotherapy or undergoing surgery for cancer treatment.Significance of results:Depression is prevalent among relatives of cancer patients. Therefore, more attention is needed to detect changes in the psychological state of vulnerable relatives of cancer patients, in an effort to reduce the occurrence of depression.

scholarly journals Prevalence of depression in residents of gerontology centre in Sarajevo

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-45
Author(s):  
Jasmina Mahmutović ◽  
Aida Rudić ◽  
Fatima Jusupović ◽  
Arzija Pašalić ◽  
Refet Gojak
Keyword(s):  
Medical Records ◽  
Geriatric Depression Scale ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Severe Depression ◽  
Health State ◽  
Mild Depression ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Third Age ◽  
Prevalence Of Depression ◽  
Third Age Of Life

Introduction: Depressive disorder, as a major problem of public health, takes high fourth place in its prevalence in general population, and is considered to be the second most frequent health problem of femalepopulation. Depression is the most frequent mental problem of persons in their third age of life. The aim of this study is to evaluate prevalence of depression and establish the ratio between the current number ofdiagnosed and of unrecognised depression among the residents of Gerontology Centre in Sarajevo.Methods: This is a cross-sectional, descriptive, and analytical study undertaken throughout May and June 2011 on the sample of 150 residents of “The Gerontology Centre“ in Sarajevo that were above 65 years of age. The following instruments were used for the research: the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), modified questionnaire consisting of two parts (general data and data related to health state), and the medical records of the residents. For statistic analysis of data was used the SPSS program for Windows.Results: According to GDS, prevalence of depression was 65.3%, out of which mild depression occurred in 46.7% cases and severe depression in 18.7%. The prevalence of verified (diagnosed) depression was 11.3per cents.Conclusions: According to the GD scale, unrecognised depressions seem to be almost six times more frequent (65.3:11%) than is the case with depressions diagnosed in medical records of the protégées of theGerontology Centre in Sarajevo. Timely recognition of depression and its treating in institutions for protection of health of persons in third age of life can substantially improve the quality of life of these patients.

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