FC04-05 - Risk and suicide behavior of hospitalized offenders in forensic setting clinic of psychiatry -in kosova

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 1832-1832
Author(s):  
N.F. Ibishi ◽  
V. Kola ◽  
V.N. Ramiqi ◽  
N.R. Musliu
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
General Population ◽  
Mental Disorder ◽  
Alcohol Intoxication ◽  
Abnormal Behavior ◽  
Drug Abusers ◽  
Suicide Behavior ◽  
Forensic Setting ◽  
Media Reports

PurposeMedia reports and the official statistics published after the war in Kosova demonstrate a rising trend of suicide in general population. In the past in our clinic have been little interest in whether suicidal risk and behavior has been documented and whether these signs of risk and suicide behavior is associated with Mental disorder and PTSD.Methods134 offenders hospitalized in period time 2007–2009 were included. We used DSM-IV criteria, SBQ-R and assessed risk of suicide factors.Results31,9% were diagnosed with personality disorder, 21,3% were psychotic, 8,5% were drug abusers, 21,3 were depressed with PTSD signs of trauma war, and 17% of them without diagnosis. Risk factors such are abnormal behavior, isolation, hopelessness, depression or other mental disorder, family problems or personal loss and drug or alcohol intoxication were important risk factors for suicidal behavior in 73% of them.12,8 % reported attempt of suicide, 14,9% of them reported that have had a plan to kill themselves, 40% reported that have told someone that are going to commit suicide, and 23,4% reported that they are likely to attempt suicide someday. Suicidal thoughts and attempts were commoner in forensic setting than in general population and were significantly associated with Personality disorder, Psychosis and PTSD.ConclusionSuicide behavior and its significant association with mental disorder play an important role and should include training programs in recognition of offenders at high risk behavior and preventive programme management in forensic settings in our country.

Mortality following Release from Prison

1990 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah Harding-Pink
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
General Population ◽  
First Year ◽  
Drug Abusers ◽  
Opiate Drugs ◽  
Loss Of Tolerance ◽  
Adjusted Rate ◽  
Release From Prison

We have studied deaths occurring after release from prison in the Canton of Geneva during the period 1982–86. The mortality rate during the first year after release was about 5 deaths/1000 person years, a rate over four times the age-adjusted rate in the general population. The majority of deaths were due to overdose by opiate drugs among young, frequently imprisoned drug abusers, and occurred within the first few weeks after release. Likely risk factors include loss of tolerance to opiates while in prison, and psychological and social stresses following release.

scholarly journals Epidemiology of recurrent traumatic brain injury in the general population

Neurology ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 89 (21) ◽  
pp. 2198-2209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oliver Lasry ◽  
Erin Y. Liu ◽  
Guido Antonio Powell ◽  
Jessica Ruel-Laliberté ◽  
Judith Marcoux ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
General Population ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Alcohol Intoxication ◽  
Recurrence Risk ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Potential Risk Factors

Objective:To comprehensively assess recurrent traumatic brain injury (rTBI) risk and risk factors in the general population.Methods:We systematically searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the references of included studies until January 16, 2017, for general population observational studies reporting rTBI risk or risk factors. Estimates were not meta-analyzed due to significant methodologic heterogeneity between studies, which was evaluated using meta-regression.Results:Twenty-two studies reported recurrence risk and 11 reported on 27 potential risk factors. rTBI risk was heterogeneous and varied from 0.43% (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.19%–0.67%) to 41.92% (95% CI 34.43%–49.40%), with varying follow-up periods (3 days–55 years). Median time to recurrence ranged from 0.5 to 3.8 years. In studies where cases were ascertained from multiple points of care, at least 5.50% (95% CI 4.80%–6.30%) of patients experienced a recurrence after a 1-year follow-up. Studies that used administrative data/self-report surveys to ascertain cases tended to report higher risk. Risk factors measured at time of index traumatic brain injury (TBI) that were significantly associated with rTBI in more than one study were male sex, prior TBI before index case, moderate or severe TBI, and alcohol intoxication. Risk factors reported in a single study that were significantly associated with rTBI were epilepsy, not seeking medical care, and multiple factors indicative of low socioeconomic status.Conclusions:rTBI is an important contributor to the general population TBI burden. Certain risk factors can help identify individuals at higher risk of these repeated injuries. However, higher quality research that improves on rTBI surveillance methodology is needed.

Statistical Review of the Suicide Attempts Rates Committed on Polish Railway Tracks between the years 2013-2016

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Makara-Studzinska ◽  
Adam Czabański ◽  
Katarzyna Gronowska ◽  
Jerzy Leszek ◽  
Elizaveta V. Mikhaylenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Alcohol Intoxication ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Significant Group ◽  
Statistical Review ◽  
Railway Tracks ◽  
Suicide Behavior ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Railway Suicide

Abstract: Suicides on railway tracks are one of the most drastic ones. No research concerning this phenomenon has been done to this date in Poland. This article focuses on the connection between suicidal behaviors on Polish railway tracks and sociodemographic traits and presents risk factors. Background: The suicide behavior is largely spread among many European countries. Of these, Poland ranks 22nd in terms of suicide attempts. This study aims to highlight the suicide attempts rates on Polish railways lines and their main risk factors. Limitations: Limited number of available statistical data before 2013. Method: Statistical review of the available Central Police headquarters database and analyses of the influence of the risk factors on people’s awareness during the suicide attempts and their geographical distribution in Poland during the years 2013 - 2016. The prevalence of railway suicides in individual voivodeships (provinces) in Poland have been indicated in a 3D map. Results: There were 834 cases of railway suicide fatalities across the entire country. Of the total suicide statistics by any means, 3.75% are railway related. The average known age of those committing railway suicides were: 37.9 years for men (n = 627) and 34.6 for women (n = 155). In most cases, suicides were committed by bachelors (54.3%). The largest group of people who committed suicide had a primary level of education (42.0%). Among the suicides, a significant group are unemployed (45.2%). Alcohol intoxication have been established as responsible for a person’s lower awareness of his actions in 70.9% of cases. Almost 63.3% of people had a higher propensity for suicidal ideation and behavior, resulting in their being treated for mental health issues. Conclusion: Alcohol intoxication, illegal narcotics and psychotropic medication are responsible for a person’s lower awareness during his ore her actions, in most of the cases of suicide on Polish railway lines.

Socio-demographic correlates of suicide in the regions affected by chernobyl nuclear disaster

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 1639-1639
Author(s):  
Y.E. Razvodovsky
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
General Population ◽  
Alcohol Dependence ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Alcohol Intoxication ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Chronic Alcohol ◽  
Chronic Alcohol Intoxication ◽  
Nuclear Disaster ◽  
Exposed Population

BackgroundThe Chernobyl nuclear reactor accident that occurred on 26 April 1986 was the greatest technological disaster in history. There is evidence that the accident has had a significant long-term impact on psychological well-being of the affected population. In particular, the rate of suicide has increased dramatically among the exposed population.AimsThis study was design to examine same of the socio-demographic characteristics which might explain this rise.MethodsA psychological autopsy study of suicides occurring in the regions affected by Chernobyl nuclear disaster between 2003 and 2007 was conducted.ResultsThe suicide rate among the affected population is 3–4 times higher (95–130 per 100.000 of the population) than among general population (33 per 100.000 of the population). The risk factors for suicide among the affected population are the same as for general population. These include unemployment, low income, low education level, acute and chronic alcohol intoxication. Alcohol dependence was diagnosed in 70% of male suicides and 71.4% of female suicides. Alcohol dependence was diagnosed more frequently among men age 30–39 (81.1%) and 50–59 (80%). In the present study 72.3% of males and 62% of females were BAC-positive at the time of death. Positive BAC cases were found more frequently in men age 30–39 (86.5%); 50–59 (86.7%) and women age 30–39 (85.7%).ConclusionsThese results are consistent with previous studies suggesting that acute and chronic alcohol intoxication may function as proximal and distal risk factors of suicide.

Cancer in agricultural populations

2020 ◽  
pp. 837-837
Author(s):  
K. . Togawa
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
General Population ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Health Effects ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Lower Prevalence ◽  
International Consortium ◽  
Adverse Health Effects ◽  
Specific Cancer ◽  
Cancer Types

Agricultural workers can be exposed to a wide variety of agents (e.g. pesticides), some of which may have adverse health effects, such as cancer. To study the health effects of agricultural exposures, an international consortium of agricultural cohort studies, AGRICOH, was established. The present analysis compared cancer incidence between the AGRICOH cohorts and the general population and found lower overall cancer incidence in the AGRICOH cohorts, with some variation across cohorts for specific cancer types. The observed lower cancer incidence may be due to healthy worker bias or lower prevalence of risk factors in the agricultural populations. Further analysis is underway.

scholarly journals Premature STEMI in Men and Women: Current Clinical Features and Improvements in Management and Prognosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1314
Author(s):  
Rebeca Lorca ◽  
Isaac Pascual ◽  
Andrea Aparicio ◽  
Alejandro Junco-Vicente ◽  
Rut Alvarez-Velasco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
General Population ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Artery Dissection ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
High Prevalence

Background: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the most frequent cause of ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Etiopathogenic and prognostic characteristics in young patients may differ from older patients and young women may present worse outcomes than men. We aimed to evaluate the clinical characteristics and prognosis of men and women with premature STEMI. Methods: A total 1404 consecutive patients were referred to our institution for emergency cardiac catheterization due to STEMI suspicion (1 January 2014–31 December 2018). Patients with confirmed premature (<55 years old in men and <60 in women) STEMI (366 patients, 83% men and 17% women) were included (359 atherothrombotic and 7 spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD)). Results: Premature STEMI patients had a high prevalence of classical cardiovascular risk factors. Mean follow-up was 4.1 years (±1.75 SD). Mortality rates, re-hospitalization, and hospital stay showed no significant differences between sexes. More than 10% of women with premature STEMI suffered SCAD. There were no significant differences between sexes, neither among cholesterol levels nor in hypolipemiant therapy. The global survival rates were similar to that expected in the general population of the same sex and age in our region with a significantly higher excess of mortality at 6 years among men compared with the general population. Conclusion: Our results showed a high incidence of cardiovascular risk factors, a high prevalence of SCAD among young women, and a generally good prognosis after standardized treatment. During follow-up, 23% suffered a major cardiovascular event (MACE), without significant differences between sexes and observed survival at 1, 3, and 6 years of follow-up was 96.57% (95% CI 94.04–98.04), 95.64% (95% CI 92.87–97.35), and 94.5% (95% CI 91.12–97.66). An extra effort to prevent/delay STEMI should be invested focusing on smoking avoidance and optimal hypolipemiant treatment both in primary and secondary prevention.

scholarly journals Cardiovascular disease risk factors of ultra-Orthodox Jewish women in Israel: a comparison study

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
E Leiter ◽  
K L Greenberg ◽  
M Donchin ◽  
O Keidar ◽  
S Siemiatycki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
General Population ◽  
Secondhand Smoke ◽  
Smoke Exposure ◽  
Orthodox Jewish ◽  
Minority Population ◽  
Secondhand Smoke Exposure ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Increased Risk

Abstract Background Women from low socio-economic, culturally insular populations are at increased risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD). The ultra-Orthodox Jewish (UOJ) community in Israel is a difficult to access, rapidly growing low socio-economic, insular minority with numerous obstacles to health. The current study investigates CVD-related risk factors (RF) in a sample of OUJ women, comparing sample characteristics with the general population. Addressing the questions, 'Are UOJ women at increased risk for CVD?', 'Which RFs should be addressed beyond the general population's?', this study can inform public health initiatives (PHI) for this and similar populations. Methods Self-administered questionnaires completed by a cluster randomized sample of 239 women from a UOJ community included demographics, fruit, vegetables, and sweetened drink consumption, secondhand smoke exposure, physical activity (PA) engagement, and BMI. Population statistics utilized for comparison of demographic and cardiovascular risk factors were obtained from government-sponsored national surveys. Results Compared with the general population, UOJ women were less likely to consume 5 fruits and vegetables a day (12.7% vs. 24.3%, p&lt;.001) and more likely to consume &gt; 5 cups of sweetened beverages a day (18.6% vs. 12.6%, p=.019). UOJ women also reported less secondhand smoke exposure (7.2% vs. 51.4%, p&lt;.001) and higher rates of PA recommendation adherence (60.1% vs. 25.6%, p&lt;.0001) than the general population. Obesity was higher in UOJ women (24.3% vs. 16.1%, p&lt;.0001). Conclusions This study suggests that PHIs in this population target healthy weight maintenance, nutrition, and PA. As a consequence of this study, the first CVD prevention intervention has been implemented in this population, targeting the identified RFs. Utilizing a mixed methods and community-based participatory approach, this innovative 3-year intervention reached over 2,000 individuals. Key messages This study identified nutrition risk behaviors and high levels of obesity in a difficult to access, minority population. This study informed the planning and implementation of a community-based PHI.

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