Soluble IL-6 receptors in the serum and cerebrospinal fluid of paranoid schizophrenic patients

1997 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 294-299 ◽  
Author(s):  
N Müller ◽  
P Dobmeier ◽  
M Empl ◽  
M Riedel ◽  
M Schwarz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Interleukin 6 ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Central Action ◽  
Neuroleptic Treatment ◽  
Interleukin 6 Receptor ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Csf Levels ◽  
Paranoid Schizophrenic

SummarySoluble Interleukin-6 receptor (sIL-6R) levels are strongly related to the levels of Interleukin-6 (IL-6), and sIL-6Rs increase the immune activating properties of IL-6. We estimated sIL-6R serum levels in 25 schizophrenic patients and 25 healthy controls. In the patients, SIL-6R-CSF levels were also measured. The psychopathology was rated according to the AMDP system. We found a significant correlation between serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of sIL-6R, suggesting that serum levels may be a meaningful marker for the central action of sIL-6R. Moreover, significant correlations between the paranoid-hallucinatory syndrome and sIL-6R levels both in serum and CSF were observed. This finding suggests that IL-6 plays a role in the paranoid-hallucinatory symptomatology in schizophrenia. This can be understood regarding the influence of IL-6 to the catecholaminergic neurotransmission. The downregulating effects of neuroleptic treatment to sIL-6R demonstrate that the sIL-6R levels are decreased in the whole group of schizophrenic patients compared to controls.

Low CSF Concentrations of Cyclic GMP in Schizophrenia

1983 ◽  
Vol 142 (3) ◽  
pp. 288-291 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. F. Gattaz ◽  
H. Cramer ◽  
H. Beckmann
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Cyclic Gmp ◽  
Homovanillic Acid ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Neuroleptic Treatment ◽  
Cholinergic Activity ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Csf Levels

SummaryIncreasing evidence suggests that the concentrations of cyclic guanosine 3′5′-monophosphate (cGMP) in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) may reflect central cholinergic activity. When the concentrations of this nucleotide in the CSF from 28 schizophrenic patients (13 without and 15 with neuroleptic treatment) and 16 psychiatrically healthy controls was determined the schizophrenics showed significantly lower CSF levels of cGMP as compared to controls.As dopamine and homovanillic acid concentrations were not altered in these CSF samples, this finding of reduced cGMP suggests a cholinergic-dopaminergic imbalance in schizophrenia, with a reduction of the former and consequently a relative dominance of the latter.

scholarly journals Serum levels of interleukin-6 type cytokines and soluble interleukin-6 receptor in patients with rheumatoid arthritis

1998 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 347-353 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Robak ◽  
A. Gladalska ◽  
H. Stepień ◽  
E. Robak
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Interleukin 6 ◽  
Disease Duration ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Leukaemia Inhibitory Factor ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Normal Individuals ◽  
Interleukin 6 Receptor

We investigated the serum concentrations of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and two IL-6 family of cytokines (leukaemia inhibitory factor (LIF) and ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) as well as IL-6 soluble receptor (sIL-6R) using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in 66 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and 24 healthy controls. We examined a possible association between the serum levels of these peptides and RA activity according to the Mallya and Mace scoring system and Ritchie's index. We also evaluated the correlation between the serum levels of IL-6, LIF, CNTF and sIL-6R and duration of the disease and calculated sIL-6R/IL-6 ratio in RA patients and in the control group. IL-6 and sIL-6R were detectable in all 66 patients with RA and 24 normal individuals. LIF was also found in the serum of all patients with RA and in 16 (66.7%) normal individuals. In contrast CNTF was measurable only in 15 (22.7%) patients with RA and 24 (33.3%) normal individuals. The highest IL-6 and sIL-6R levels were found in the patients with Stages 3 and 4 of RA activity and the lowest in the control group. In contrast there were no statistically significant diferences between the LIF and CNTF levels in RA patients and normal individuals. We found positive correlation between IL-6 and sIL-6R concentrations and Ritchie's index and a lack of such correlation with LIF and CNTF. IL-6 serum level correlated positively with the disease duration, but sIL-6R, LIF and CNTF did not. Serum sIL-6R/IL-6 ratio was significantly lower in RA patients than in healthy controls. In conclusion, an increase in the serum levels of IL-6 and sIL-6R, but not LIF and CNTF concentrations, may be useful markers for RA activity.

scholarly journals Interleukin-6 and granulocyte macrophage-csf in the cerebrospinal fluid from hiv infected subjects with involvement of the central nervous system

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 180-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Perrella ◽  
M. Guerriero ◽  
E. Izzo ◽  
M. Soscia ◽  
P. B. Carrieri
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Interleukin 6 ◽  
Neurological Diseases ◽  
Aids Dementia Complex ◽  
Gm Csf ◽  
Aids Dementia ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Csf Levels

We detected the cytokines interleukin-6 (IL-6) and granulocyte macrophage-CSF (GM-CSF) by ELISA in the CSF and serum of 30 HIV-infected patients classified as AIDS dementia complex (ADC), and 20 subjects with other neurological diseases (OND). We have found a high incidence of detectable IL-6 and GM-CSF in the CSF of ADC patients compared with OND patients. No statistical differences were observed between both groups for serum IL-6 and GM-CSF levels. These results suggest an intrathecal synthesis of these cytokines and a possible involvement in the pathogenesis of ADC.

scholarly journals IL6 receptor358Ala variant and trans-signaling are disease modifiers in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. e631 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marlena Wosiski-Kuhn ◽  
Mac Robinson ◽  
Jane Strupe ◽  
Phonepasong Arounleut ◽  
Matthew Martin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis ◽  
Disease Progression ◽  
Interleukin 6 ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Interleukin 6 Receptor ◽  
The Common ◽  
Paired Serum ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Lateral Sclerosis

ObjectiveTo test the hypothesis that patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) inheriting the common interleukin 6 receptor (IL6R) coding variant (Asp358Ala, rs2228145, C allele) have associated increases in interleukin 6 (IL6) and IL6R levels in serum and CSF and faster disease progression than noncarriers.MethodsAn observational, case-control study of paired serum and CSF of 47 patients with ALS, 46 healthy, and 23 neurologic disease controls from the Northeastern ALS Consortium Biofluid Repository (cohort 1) was performed to determine serum levels of IL6, sIL6R, and soluble glycoprotein 130 and compared across groups and IL6R genotype. Clinical data regarding disease progression from a separate cohort of 35 patients with ALS from the Wake Forest ALS Center (cohort 2) were used to determine change in ALSFRS-R scores by genotype.ResultsPatients with ALS had increased CSF IL6 levels compared with healthy (p < 0.001) and neurologic (p = 0.021) controls. Patients with ALS also had increased serum IL6 compared with healthy (p = 0.040) but not neurologic controls. Additive allelic increases in serum IL6R were observed in all groups (average increase of 52% with the presence of the IL6R C allele; p < 0.001). However, only subjects with ALS had significantly increased CSF sIL6R levels compared with controls (p < 0.001). When compared across genotypes, only patients with ALS inheriting the IL6R C allele exhibit increased CSF IL6. ALSFRS-R scores decreased more in patients with ALS with the IL6R C allele than in those without (p = 0.019).ConclusionsTheses results suggest that for individuals inheriting the IL6R C allele, the cytokine exerts a disease- and location-specific role in ALS. Follow-up, prospective studies are necessary, as this subgroup of patients may be identified as ideally responsive to IL6 receptor–blocking therapies.

Cerebrospinal Fluid Levels of 14-3-3 Gamma: What Does It Tell Us About Sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease?

Pharmacology ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 100 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 243-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Humpel ◽  
Thomas Benke
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Retrospective Analysis ◽  
Short Report ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Jakob Disease ◽  
Csf Levels ◽  
Fluid Levels ◽  
Very High ◽  
Probable Diagnosis

Clinical diagnosis of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) can be supported by the analysis of Tau and 14-3-3 in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). In this short report, we report about a retrospective analysis performed on 2,296 routinely collected CSF samples, and 44 samples with a ratio of phosphoTau181/Tau <0.075 were selected. Analysis was performed with a novel 14-3-3 gamma CircuLex Elisa. We show that control levels were around 6,000 AU/mL and samples from Alzheimer patients were not different from those collected from healthy controls. Four cases of verified CJD had 14-3-3 CSF levels of >100,000 AU/mL, while 10 out of 12 suspected CJD samples with 14-3-3 CSF levels between 50,000-100,000 AU/mL were CJD positive. All samples with 14-3-3 levels between 15,000 and 50,000 AU/mL were not CJD cases but disorders with complex neuropathology. In conclusion, our data suggests that in CSF samples with a phospho-Tau-181/Tau ratio <0.075 CSF levels of 14-3-3 should be analyzed. Our data suggests a very high risk for CJD with 14-3-3 levels above 100,000 AU/mL and a probable diagnosis of CJD based on laboratory parameters above 50,000 AU/mL.

scholarly journals Genetic polymorphisms of interleukin-6 influence the development of hepatitis B virus-related liver cirrhosis

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caixia Xia ◽  
Wei Zhu ◽  
Chunhong Huang ◽  
Guohua Lou ◽  
Bingjue Ye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Cirrhosis ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Interleukin 6 ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Infected Liver

Abstract Background Interleukin-6 (IL-6) plays an important role in chronic inflammation. Thus, we aimed to investigate the effects of IL-6 polymorphisms in predicting the progression of hepatitis B virus (HBV) -related liver cirrhosis. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted to analysis IL-6 polymorphisms and serum levels of IL-6 in HBV-infected patients of different clinical phases and in healthy controls. IL-6 polymorphisms were detected by Taqman PCR method and plasma IL-6 levels were assessed by ELISA. Results Our analysis included 182 chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients, 190 HBV-infected liver cirrhosis cases, 125 inactive HBsAg carriers, and 246 healthy controls. Seven SNPs in IL-6 including rs10499563, rs17147230, rs1800796, rs2069837, rs1524107, rs2066992, rs2069852 were analyzed. In haplotype analysis between HBV-infected liver cirrhosis cases with CHB patients, inactive HBV-carriers or healthy controls, haplotype CT in block 1 and haplotype GGCGG in block 2 were associated with liver cirrhosis (P<0.05). What’s more, the genotype or allele frequencies were significantly different in IL-6 rs10499563 and rs2069837 when HBV-infected liver cirrhosis patients compared with CHB patients, inactive HBV-carriers or healthy controls. A further study found that compared with the controls or CHB patients, plasma IL-6 was elevated in HBV-infected liver cirrhosis patients (P<0.05). Conclusion In conclusion, the polymorphisms of the IL-6 rs10499563 and rs2069837 are associated with the susceptibility of liver cirrhosis may through their effects on IL-6 expressions and these two single nucleotide polymorphisms can be used as potential predicting markers for prognosis of HBV-infected liver cirrhosis.

Cerebrospinal Fluid Concentrations of Aqueous Procaine Penicillin G in the Neonate

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 387-388
Author(s):  
Michael E. Speer ◽  
Edward O. Mason ◽  
John T. Scharnberg
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Serum Level ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Peak Serum ◽  
Penicillin G ◽  
Intramuscular Administration ◽  
Procaine Penicillin ◽  
Csf Levels

Simultaneous serum and CSF samples were obtained following the intramuscular administration of 50,000 units/kg of aqueous procaine penicillin G in 25 neonates. Penicillin activity was detected in the sera and CSF of all patients. Peak serum levels were noted at four hours (mean ± SEM, 17.1 ± 6.3 µg/ml). Peak CSF levels were noted at 12 hours (0.70 ± 0.35 µg/ml). The serum level at 24 hours was 2.1 ± 0.98 µg/ml (range, 0.2 to 5.8 µg/ml); the CSF level at 24 hours was 0.12 ± 0.05 µg/ml (range, 0.03 to 0.27 µg/ml). These results demonstrate that spirocheticidal levels (≥0.03 µg/ml) are achieved for at least 24 hours in the CSF following the intramuscular administration of aqueous procaine penicillin G in neonates.

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