scholarly journals Conservancies, Conflict and Dispossession: The Winners and Losers of Oil Exploration in Turkana, Kenya

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 831-857
Author(s):  
Kennedy Mkutu ◽  
Anna Mdee
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Ethnographic Research ◽  
Oil Exploration ◽  
Foreign Investors ◽  
Local Elites ◽  
Industrial Economy ◽  
Local Populations ◽  
Marginal Areas

AbstractFormerly marginal areas are increasingly the focus of extractive mega-projects, which are framed as necessary for economic growth and a modern industrial economy. Yet there are concerns that such projects are unjustly displacing local populations, facilitated through the alliances of local elites with foreign investors. This article asks, who are the winners and losers from oil exploration in the Turkana region of Kenya? Using longitudinal ethnographic research on the dynamics of local government, oil exploration, and pastoralist livelihoods in Turkana, Mkutu and Mdee highlight how current processes may exacerbate inequality and marginalization, with the potential for increasingly violent consequences.

scholarly journals Use and abuse of the planet in non-rich regions: histories of fracking and windmills in a more than human geographical perspective

2022 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Angel Paniagua ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Vulnerable Populations ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
Human Geography ◽  
Spatial Relationships ◽  
Marginal Populations ◽  
National Policies ◽  
Local Elites ◽  
Resistance Strategies ◽  
Local Populations ◽  
Marginal Areas

<abstract> <p>Remote and marginal areas with scarce and vulnerable populations are "comfortable" settings and suitable places for the development of new extractive activities for energy production. Fracking and modern windmills are often controversial activities in marginal areas for native and local populations, with varying political positions from local elites. The new scalar policies associated with the energy project introduce some of the resistance strategies in the form of more than human geographies or hybrid spatial relationships that characterize recent human geography. This paper explores and suggests possible ways of integrating local interests with regional or national policies based on the "health" of marginal populations, marginal rather than human materiality's and marginal more-than-human.</p> </abstract>

The Quality of Kazakhstan’s Economic Policy and Balance of Payments

2008 ◽  
pp. 120-132
Author(s):  
K. Arystanbekov
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Policy ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Balance Of Payments ◽  
Foreign Investors ◽  
Negative Balance ◽  
Macroeconomic Efficiency

Kazakhstan’s economic policy in 1996-2007, its character and the degree of responsibility, the correlation between economic development and balance of current accounts are considered in the article. Special attention is paid to the analysis of their macroeconomic efficiency. It is concluded that in conditions of high rates of economic growth in Kazahkstan in 2000-2007 the net profits of foreign investors are 10-11% of GDP every year. The tendency of negative balance of current accounts in favor of foreign investors is also analyzed.

Konflik Hubungan Pusat-Daerah antara Pemerintah Pusat dan Kabupaten Blora Terkaiat dengan Dana Bagi Hasil Blok Cepu

2012 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-162
Author(s):  
Budi Setiyono ◽  
Dio Satrio Jati ◽  
Teten Jamaludin
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Oil Exploration ◽  
Colonial Era ◽  
National Budget ◽  
History Of ◽  
District Government ◽  
Financial Income ◽  
Resources Share

Cepu Block located between Centre Jawa and East Java. It is known as a rich block because it has a source of oil and gas. Block Cepu, where geographically located between three districts, Blora (Centre Java), Bojonegoro and Tuban (East Java) has given a contribution to national budget (APBN) and respected local government budget (APBD). About 33 per cent of the land of Cepu Block is owned by Blora, 67 per cent owned by Bojonegoro and the rest is owned by Tuban. Ironically, however, although 33 per cent of the Block belongs to Blora, the district does not receive any financial income from the oil exploration. There is no resources share fund from Cepu Block. Moreover, the district has to deal with the negative impacts of exploration activities at the Block Cepu such as damaging of infrastructure, environmental pollution, and social disturbance. Blora District has protested to Centre Government, but so far there is no outcome. Centre Government asked that this problem should be studied first. The central government argue that if it is approved, then there will be domino impact: other districts will do the same like Blora. Blora district is struggling to get equality in resources share fund (dana bagi hasil). Efforts have done, seminars and workshops, lobby to DPD (Upper House) to find a solution. Now the district government is proposing judicial review to constitution court. This research examines the history of Block Cepu. It reveals the history of the block from the colonial era up to the reformation era. Further, the research aims to know how the tension between local government (Blora Government) and central government regarding Blok Cepu oil exploration. The research suggests that there is injustice in the distribution of revenue from the exploration and it is understandable if Blora district government struggle to get proportional revenue sharing.

Air pollution and economic growth under local government competition: Evidence from China, 2007–2016

2021 ◽  
pp. 130231
Author(s):  
Shurui Jiang ◽  
Xue Tan ◽  
Peiqi Hu ◽  
Yue Wang ◽  
Lei Shi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Local Government

Summer of Discontent: Economic Rivalry among Elite Factions during the Late Porfiriato in Yucatán

1986 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 255-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gilbert M. Joseph ◽  
Allen Wells
Keyword(s):  
Regional Economy ◽  
Recent Literature ◽  
The Political ◽  
Regional Studies ◽  
Focused Attention ◽  
Central State ◽  
Foreign Investors ◽  
Family Networks ◽  
Local Elites ◽  
The Past

The past decade has witnessed a rich harvest of regional studies of the Mexican Porfiriato. There are two predominant currents in the recent literature. One group of scholars has focused attention on the political sphere, examining the process whereby the Porfirian central state increased its power at the expense of the regional peripheries. Invariably, the federal cause was advanced by Don Porfirio's ability to manipulate local factional struggles, playing off contending parentescos or élite family networks. Another group of historians has explored the external dimension of the Porfirian regional economy, examining patterns of cooperation and conflict between local élites and foreign investors. The contradictory nature of such transnational alliances and their impact on non-élite groups have now been analyzed for several important Porfirian regions.

scholarly journals KETERPURUKAN SEKTOR PERTANIAN SEBAGAI POTRET KEGAGALAN INDUSTRIALISASI DI INDONESIA

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Grendi Hendrastomo *
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Critical Review ◽  
Mass Production ◽  
Social Dynamics ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Green Revolution ◽  
The Other ◽  
Agricultural Field ◽  
Foreign Investors

Shifting agricultural era to the era of industrialization left many problems, especially in the agricultural sector. Populist policies have on one hand brought the country many industrial investments that force economic growth, but on the other hand reduced the partisanship of country in agricultural sector. Agriculture as the basis for mass production of most Indonesian society has became casualties as part of the green revolution that is full of developing countries‘s propaganda which brings benefit and lead to dependency on developing countries. The downturn actors of agricultural field increased in line with growth of food-estate program to attract foreign investors to explore the agro sector. This article discusses on a critical review of agriculture in Indonesia’s slump that began with the green revolution with their panca usaha tani, starting from the decline of the agricultural sector, static industrial situation until the solutions that might be applied to enhance the economic growth and social dynamics of Indonesia.   Keywords: Industrialisation, Marginalization of Agriculture, Green Revolution

scholarly journals THE IMPLEMENTATION OF MALAY LANGUAGE EDUCATION POLICY AND THE LINGUISTIC LANDSCAPE IN MALAYSIA

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (8) ◽  
pp. 266-277
Author(s):  
Chiow Thai Soon ◽  
Chek Kim Loi
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Education Policy ◽  
Language Education ◽  
National Language ◽  
Ethnographic Research ◽  
Linguistic Landscape ◽  
Language Education Policy ◽  
Language Practice ◽  
Code Mixing ◽  
Malaysian Government

This ethnographic research uses the applied linguistic landscape of Ben-Rafael (2009) to examine the choices of language practice (Spolsky, 2009) reflected through 459 Romanised names of the company on an island in Malaysia named Labuan. One of the outcomes of this study shows Malaysians are basically bilingual and about half of the names of the company are bilingual. However, the use of Malay language in naming the companies on the island is low though the Malay language is the national language of the country and the Malaysian government has implemented the Malay language education policy since independence in 1957. There are only 13% of company names presented in pure Malay language comparing to those in pure English (45%) and in code-mixing of Malay language and English or other languages (42%). Besides a low percentage of using the Malay language in the company names, incorrect uses of the language were identified. The study suggests the Malaysian government specifically the local government considers the company name written in both Malay language and English instead of merely in the Malay language when it comes to approving the application of new company licenses.

scholarly journals IMPORTANCE OF PATENT AND INNOVATION IN EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 271-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Al Kassiri ◽  
Tatiana Čorejová
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Foreign Investors ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Knowledge Based Economy ◽  
Innovation Projects ◽  
Start Ups

This articles discusses the importance of converting knowledge into realizable output, which can subsequently be patented. Patenting, in itself, is already the result of a completed and difficult process. The importance of patenting is not only advantageous for the author patent, but also for the whole society and knowledge-based economy. In this article, we explain not only the effect of patenting on the economy as a whole, along with its advantages, but also possible acceleration in process of patenting. Universities rely on the important aspect of innovation and patenting, whereas innovation and patenting alone support the economic growth. Lack of projects covering patenting process may cause less outputs of innovation. Projects which support the development of innovation and start-ups have big potential in reducing unemployment and increasing the motivation of new foreign investors.

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