scholarly journals P.148 Children and teenagers with hydrocephalus: Are narrowed dural sinuses better predictors of shunt-failure than ventriculomegaly?

Author(s):  
B Rohr ◽  
J Sorensen ◽  
B Gong ◽  
O Jansen ◽  
A Rohr

Background: Intracranial hypertension secondary to shunt-failure is a feared complication requiring cross-sectional imaging for diagnosis. We compared dural sinus narrowing and ventriculomegaly as predictors of shunt-failure. Methods: 60 head MRIs and 60 MR venographies of hydrocephalus patients age 0-18 years (n=25) were analyzed. MRI studies were included when f/u clinical data combined with intra-operative findings proved shunt-failure (positive Gold standard) or when MRI was available when the child was well (negative Gold standard). The absence or presence of concerning hydrocephalus was diagnosed. On MRV, the major dural sinuses were independently analyzed with respect to >50% narrowing, suggesting compression by increased CSF pressure. Ventriculomegaly and significant dural sinus narrowing was correlated to the presence/absence of shunt failure as per Gold standard. Results: Sinus narrowing substantially correlated with proven shunt-failure (Cohen’s kappa test 0.635/p<=0.00001 as per Fisher exact test) while ventriculomegaly correlated poorly (0.258/p=0.0751). Sensitivity/specificity was 0.69/0.92 for sinus narrowing and 0.43/0.81 for ventriculomegaly. Conclusions: In this patient cohort, dural sinus narrowing more reliably predicted shunt-failure compared to ventriculomegaly.

Author(s):  
Laima Alam

Objectives:Relation of demographics of hepatocellular-carcinoma with the aetiology.Tumour characteristics in relation to anti-viral therapy and presence of viral-DNA/RNATreatment modalities offeredMethods: This cross-sectional study enrolled all the patients aged 18-70 years with diagnosed hepatocellular carcinoma either through Triphasic Contrast-Enhanced-CT scan and/or Magnetic Resonance Imaging or biopsy presenting to the Outpatient-Department or multi-disciplinary-team meetings for the year 2019. Demographic variables, biochemical analysis including liver profile and stage of cirrhosis, viral-status, tumour staging and the treatment modalities offered were all noted. ANOVA (normal) and Kruskal-Wallis (non-normal) tests were used to compare quantitative data whereas chi-square-test and fisher-exact-test were used to compare qualitative-data.Results: Out of 195 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma, 76% were males in their fifth to sixth decades of life, 96% had cirrhosis, 94% corresponded to viral hepatocellular-carcinoma (82% Hepatitis-C-Virus, 9% Hepatitis-B-Virus and 3% coinfection), 60% of the cirrhotics landed in Child-Pugh A category with tumour staging BCLC-B being the predominant one (43.6%) and single and multiple bilateral nodules were the commonest lesions encountered. Platelets and Alanine-Transaminase had a significant relation across aetiological groups. Lymph-nodes were the most common extra-hepatic organs for metastasis and the presence of viral PCR had a significant impact on the tumour aggressiveness. Thirty-two percent of the patients were amenable to curative treatment.Conclusion: Viral infection is the main cause of rising prevalence of this tumour in Pakistan. Treatment modalities are expensive and expertise are lacking. A nationwide cancer registry is required for the exact disease burden and tumour behaviour for our population. Continuous....


2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rahmi Setiyani ◽  
Made Sumarwati ◽  
Dian Ramawati

Background: Shift in demographic structure in Indonesia has raised concern over number of issues, including change in living arrangement of older people. Objectives: The purpose of this study is to examine adult children’s choice of future living arrangement for elderly parent and its associated factors. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted among 300 young adults in Central Java, Indonesia. Descriptive statistics, Chi-Square and Fisher exact test were used to analyze the data. Results: Majority of respondents (97.3%) preferred parents to live at home, in multi-generational household with children and/or grandchildren (84.5%) in their old age. The choice was significantly influenced by children gender, marital status of parent, and family type (p=0.00; p=0.05, and p=0.05 respectively). Conclusions: In certain circumstances, living in multigenerational household still became a favorable option of living arrangement for elderly parents. Children gender, parent’s marital status and family type were likely to influence the choice. Further researches are needed to investigate which best living arrangement that support older people well-being.


2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 111
Author(s):  
Hepti Muliyati ◽  
Menis Mbali ◽  
Hadidja Bando ◽  
Riana Pangestu Utami ◽  
Opyn Mananta

Wasting on children is an important public health problem because of its considerable impact on their health and growth. This problem could lead to iron deficiency which could induce infection disease and probably lower a child’s intelligence as a long-term effect. This study aimed to analyze factors related to wasting on 12-59 months children in Bulili Public Health Center (PHC), Palu City. The analytical descriptive study designed with a cross-sectional approach was applied in this study. One hundred and twenty-one subject was selected from 283 children with purposive sampling technique. Data were analyzed with chi-square and Fisher exact test with significant (p < 0,05). The result showed that most children with low birth weight experienced wasting with a p-value = 0,000. Most of the children from higher-income families did not experience wasting with a p-value = 0,004. Most children who didn’t receive breastfeeding milk did not experience wasting with a p-value = 0,958. This study concluded a correlation between low birth weight and income to wasting, but breastfeeding practice was not related.


2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 82
Author(s):  
Fajriansyah Fajriansyah

Es campur merupakan salah satu makanan jajanan yang sangat umum dimasyarakat. Es campur yang dijual bebas dipasar mempunyai kandungan zat warna yang sangat berbahaya bagi masyarakat. Rendahnya pengetahuan pedagang serta tindakan mereka berdampak negatif bagi konsumen. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengukur hubungan pengetahuan dan tindakan pedagang es campur terhadap penggunaan bahan kimia di Kota Banda Aceh. Penelitian menggunakan desain potong lintang yang dilakukan pada 23 pedagang es campur di Kota Banda Aceh. Data yang dikumpulkan meliputi data pengetahuan, tindakan dan data penggunaan bahan kimia. Pengumpulan data dlakukan secara wawancara dan pengujian laboratorium. Uji statistik yaitu fisher ecxact test pada CI95%. Hasil penelitian menunjukan rendahnya pengetahuan (60,9%) dan tindakan (69,6%) pada pedagang, serta tingginya kandungan Rhodamin pada es campur (52,2%). Pengentahuan dan tindakan pedagang mempunyai hubungan signifikan dengan tingginya kandungan bahan kimia pada es campur (p < 0,05). Kesimpulan, rendahnya pengetahuan dan kurang baiknya tindakan pedagang sangat signifikan terhadap tingginya kandungan bahan kimia Rhodamin B pada es campur. Saran, perlu penyuluhan dan pembinaan secara rutin kepada pedagang tentang bahaya zat warna non pangan dan akibatnya terhadap kesehatan. Kata Kunci : Pengetahuan, tindakan, Rhodamin B, es campur  Ice mix is one of the most common food snacks in the community. The mixed free-mixed ice on the market has a very dangerous dye content for the community. The low knowledge of traders, as well as their actions, have a negative impact on consumers. This study aims to measure the correlation of knowledge and action of the merchant of mixed ice against the use of chemicals in Banda Aceh. The study used a cross-sectional design performed on 23 ice-mix traders in Banda Aceh City. The data collected includes data on knowledge, action, and data on the use of chemicals. Data collection was conducted by interview and laboratory testing. The statistical test is Fisher exact test at CI95%. The results showed low knowledge (60.9%) and action (69.6%) on traders, as well as the high content of Rhodamine on mixed ice (52.2%). Trader's knowledge and actions have a significant relationship with the high chemical content in the mixed ice (p <0.05). Conclusion, low knowledge and lack of merchant action are very significant to the high content of Rhodamin B chemicals on the mixed ice. Advice, need counseling and guidance on a regular basis to the trader about the dangers of non-food dyes and the consequences on health. Keywords: Knowledge, action, Rhodamine B, mixed ice


2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 379
Author(s):  
Santik Wijayanti ◽  
Triska Susila Nindya

 Background: Family conscious nutrition (Kadarzi) is an Indonesia government program that aims to address the nutrition problem. The family expected to be able to independently giving the best nutrition to improve health. Each Kadarzi indicator has an important role to resolve and prevent the occurrence of utrition problem as indicator of vitamin A supplementation is used to resolve vitamin A deficiency.  Nutrition problems can be seen by using nutritional status. Children under five years are age-prone to experiencenutritional problem such as underweight, stunting, and wasting. Objective: The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between the application of Kadarzi behavior with the nutritional status of children under five (WAZ, HAZ, and WHZ). Method: The research was an analytic obsevation research, using cross sectional design. The sample consist of 72 toddlers in Salakkembang Village, Kalidawir Subdistrict, Tulungagung Regency. The data were collected by using weight and height measurement, also Kadarzi bahavior questionnaire. The data were analyzed using Fisher Exact test. Result: The results of the study showed that there was a correlation between Kadarzi behavior with nutitional status of toddlers based on WAZ (p=0.010), and HAZ (p=0.000) but not with WHZ (p=0.368). Conclusion: The better apllication of Kadarzi behavior, the better the nutritional status of toddlers WAZ and HAZ. Mothers should apply Kadarzi behavior to prevent toddlers from nutritional problems. ABSTRAK Latar belakang: Keluarga Sadar Gizi (Kadarzi) merupakan program pemerintah Indonesia yang bertujuan mengatasi masalah gizi. Keluarga diharapkan dapat secara mandiri mewujudkan keadaan gizi yang sebaik-baiknya untuk meningkatkan kesehatan. Setiap indikator Kadarzi memiliki peran penting untuk mengatasi dan mencegah terjadinya masalah gizi seperti indikator pemberian suplemen vitamin A digunakan untuk mengatasi kekurangan vitamin A. Masalah gizi dapat dilihat salah satunya dengan menggunakan status gizi. Balita merupakan usia yang rawan mengalami masalah gizi seperti underweight, stunting, dan wasting.Tujuan: Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menganalisis hubungan antara penerapan perilaku Kadarzi dengan status gizi balita (BB/U, TB/U, dan BB/TB).Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasinol analitik, dengan desain penelitian cross sectional. Sampel terdiri dari 72 balita di Desa Salakkembang, Kecamatan Kalidawir, Kabupaten Tulungagung. Pengumpulan data menggunakan penimbangan berat badan, tinggi badan, dan kuesioner perilaku Kadarzi. Data dianalisis menggunakan Fisher Exact test. Hasil: Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan terhadap hubungan antara perilaku Kadarzi dengan status gizi balita BB/U (p=0,010) dan TB/U (p=0,000) namun tidak dengan BB/TB (p=0,368).Kesimpulan: Semakin baik penerapan perilaku Kadarzi maka semakin baik status gizi balita BB/U dan TB/U. Ibu dan seluruh anggota keluarga seharusnya menerapkan perilaku Kadarzi agar balita terhindar dari masalah gizi.


2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-18
Author(s):  
Nadirah Nadirah ◽  
Indrawati Indrawati ◽  
Heriyati Heriyati

Data kunjungan lansia di posyandu 3 (tiga) tahun terakhir di wilayah Puskesmas Tammerodo menunjukkan masih banyak lansia yang belum menggunakan fasilitas Posyandu sebagai tempat melakukan pemeriksaan kesehatan. Lansia untuk meningkatkan kualitas hidup, perlu menerima layanan kesehatan salah satu caranya yaitu melalui pemanfaatan posyandu bagi lansia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan pengetahuan dan sikap  terhadap pemanfaatan kunjungan pada posyandu lansia. Penelitian kuantitatif dengan pendekatan cross sectional digunakan pada penelitian ini, responden dipilih berdasarkan purposive sampling sebanyak 86 responden. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji Fisher exact test. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa variabel pengetahuan memiliki  nilai p = 0,003  dan sikap  diperoleh nilai p = 0,002 memiliki nilai di bawah batas kemaknaan sehingga simpulan yang diperoleh terdapat hubungan pengetahuan  dan sikap terhadap pemanfaatan kunjungan di posyandu lansia. Bagi petugas perlu memberikan motivasi bagi lansia berupa pendampingan lansia agar teratur memeriksakan diri ke Posyandu Lansia dan melakukan kerjasama lintas program sehingga para lansia mendapat pelayanan yang layak.


2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 236-244
Author(s):  
Happy Marthalena Simanungkalit

Latar Belakang : Air Susu Ibu (ASI) selain merupakan makanan paling baik untuk bayi, juga terbukti dapat mencegah penyakit pada bayi dan memberi manfaat bagi ibu, keluarga, dan masyarakat. Memberikan ASI selama 6 bulan dapat menyelamatkan 1,3 juta jiwa di seluruh dunia. Tahun 2016 capaian pemberian ASI eksklusif di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Jekan Raya masih rendah. Tujuan Penelitian: Penelitian ini merupakan crosssectional study yang bersifat analitik Populasinya adalah seluruh ibu yang memiliki anak usia 6-12 bulan. Metode Penelitian: Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian observasional analitik dengan metode Cross Sectional. Jumlah sampel yaitu sebanyak 79 responden. Adapun cara pengumpulan data dengan wawancara. Uji statistik yang digunakan adalah uji Chi-square (X2) dan Fisher Exact Test. Hasil penelitian: Variabel yang memiliki hubungan dengan pemberian ASI eksklusif yaitu pengetahuan (p=0,000). Sedangkan untuk variabel lainnya, yaitu umur (Fisher Exact Test = 0,120), pendidikan (p = 0,075) dan pekerjaan (p = 0,976) tidak menunjukkan adanya hubungan dengan pemberian ASI eksklusif. Kesimpulan: Variabel pengetahuan menunjukkan hubungan yang bermakna dengan pemberian ASI eksklusif. Variabel umur, pendidikan dan pekerjaan menunjukkan hubungan yang tidak bermakna dengan pemberian ASI eksklusif.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnete Egilsdatter Kristoffersen ◽  
Miek C. Jong ◽  
Johanna Hök Nordberg ◽  
Esther T. van der Werf ◽  
Trine Stub

Abstract BackgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic lockdown has had a profound impact on physical and mental well-being throughout the world. Previous studies have revealed that complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) is frequently used for, and can be potential beneficial for strengthening physical mental resilience. The aim of this study was therefore to determine the prevalence, associations and reasons for use of CAM during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic among a representative sample of the Norwegian population, and determine possible effects and adverse effects of the treatments. MethodsComputer assisted telephone interviews using a COVID-adapted I-CAM-Q questionnaire were conducted with 1008 randomly selected Norwegians aged 16 and above using multistage sampling during April and May 2020 applying age and sex quotas for each area. Descriptive statistics were carried out using Pearson’s Chi-square test, Fisher exact test, and Independent samples T-tests to identify group differences. ResultsThe study revealed that two thirds of the respondents (67%) had used CAM within the first three months of the COVID-19 pandemic, in particular CAM modalities that did not involve a provider. Most used were natural remedies and dietary supplement (57%, mainly vitamins and minerals), but self-help practices like yoga and meditation were also widely used (24%). Women used CAM modalities significantly more than men (77% vs. 58%). Most of the respondents found the modalities they used beneficial, and 5% reported adverse effects of the treatments.ConclusionsThe first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic has not profoundly changed the overall need of Norwegian citizens to seek care outside the conventional healthcare system, but rather caused a shift in the type of CAM modalities used. The risk profile of these modalities was generally low as only 5 % of the respondents reported adverse effects. Further studies are needed to confirm the change from provider based to self-administered CAM use.


2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-42
Author(s):  
Alvian Merza Radi Putra ◽  
Melania Wahyuningsih ◽  
Fajarina Lathu

Diare lebih dominan menyerang anak-anak karena daya tahan tubuh anak-anak yang masih lemah. Faktor penyebab diare pada anak salah satunya pemberian MP-ASI oleh ibu. Dalam praktiknya pengetahuan ibu tentang pemberian MP-ASI masih minim. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan tingkat pengetahuan ibu tentang pemberian MP-ASI dengan kejadian diare pada anak usia 6-24 bulan Di Posyandu Padukuhan Pugeran Maguwoharjo Depok Sleman Yogyakarta. Jenis penelitian yaitu kuantitatif observasional analitik dengan rancangan penelitian Cross Sectional. Populasi penelitian ini ibu yang memiliki anak usia 6-24 bulan berjumlah 41 bulan Juli 2019 di Padukuhan Pugeran Maguwoharjo Depok Sleman Yogyakarta. Teknik Sampling menggunakan total sampling. Instrumen pengambilan data berupa kuisioner. Analisa data menggunakan Fisher Exact Test. Hasil menunjukkan ibu yang memiliki pengetahuan baik 28 orang (68,3%) sedangkan yang berpengetahuan cukup sebanyak 13 orang (31,7%). Anak yang tidak pernah mengalami diare dalam kurun waktu 3 bulan terakhir sebanyak 29 anak (70,7%) dan yang pernah mengalami diare dalam kurun waktu 3 bulan terakhir sebanyak 12 anak (29,3%). Didapatkan hasil nilai p value sebesar 0,419. Tidak ada hubungan antara tingkat pengetahuan ibu tentang MP- ASI dengan kejadian diare pada anak usia 6-24 bulan di Padukuhan Pugeran Maguwoharjo Depok Sleman Yogyakarta.


2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Prastiwi Putri Basuki ◽  
Triana Uminingsih

Stunting pada masa balita perlu mendapat perhatian khusus termasuk pada anak usia 24-36 bulan. Usia 24-36 bulan merupakan usia anak yang mengalami perkembangan pesat dalam kemampuan kognitif dan motorik. Banyak faktor yang mempengaruhi terjadinya kejadian stunting pada anak, antara lain karakteristik ibu. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui kontribusi karakteristik ibu terhadap kejadian stunting pada anak usia 24-36 bulan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional yang dilakukan di Desa Sendang Mulyo Minggir Sleman Yogyakarta. Sampel yang diambil sebanyak 75 anak usia 24-36 bulan dengan teknik purposive sampling. Analisis data  bivariat menggunakan Chi Square dan Fisher Exact Test dan analisis multivariat menggunakan regresi linier. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pendidikan ibu (p value=0,000), pengetahuan ibu (p value=0,022) dan pemberian ASI Ekslusif (p value=0,011) yang artinya terdapat hubungan dengan kejadian stunting. Sedangkan status pekerjaan ibu (p value=0,217) tidak signifikan berhubungan dengan kejadian stunting. Berdasarkan analisis multivariat regresi linier menunjukkan hasil bahwa pendidikan ibu, status  pekerjaan ibu, pengetahuan ibu tentang gizi, dan pemberian ASI Ekslusif bersama-sama mempunyai kontribusi terhadap kejadian stunting sebesar 88,2%. Perlu peningkatan program multisektoral dengan melibatkan semua lapisan masyarakat untuk mengurangi kejadian stunting.


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