COVID-19 Vaccine Acceptance is associated with Vaccine Hesitancy, Perceived Risk and Previous Vaccination Experiences

Abstract Objective: This study examines the factors associated with the willingness to get the coronavirus vaccine among individuals aged 18 and above. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Turkey. The participants aged 18 and older were recruited between December 2020 and January 2021 through conventional social media sites. Snowball sampling was used. An anonymous questionnaire consisted of demographics, vaccination experiences, and perceived risk of coronavirus disease. Results: 1202 women and 651 men were included in the data analysis. Findings showed that demographics, vaccinations experience, and perceived risk of getting COVID-19 were explained 37% of the variance in people’s willingness to get the COVID-19 vaccination according to hierarchical logistic regression. Furthermore, increasing age, being male, acquiring positive information about COVID-19 vaccines, having a lower level of vaccine hesitancy, the high level of worry about the COVID-19 and low level of perceptions of the possibility of becoming infected by the COVID-19 were the main predictors of COVID-19 vaccine willingness. Conclusions: Factors affecting adults’ willingness to be inoculated with COVID-19 vaccines were related to demographics, vaccination experiences, and perceived risk of getting COVID-19. We recommend that public health authorities and practitioners should consider these multiple factors regarding vaccine confidence to achieve herd immunity.

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Factors affecting vaccine hesitancy among families with children 2 years old and younger in two urban communities in Manila, Philippines

Western Pacific Surveillance and Response ◽

10.5365/wpsar.2019.10.2.006 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 20-26

Author(s):

Julius Migriño, Jr. ◽

Billy Gayados ◽

Karen Rachel Joyce Birol ◽

Lorelie De Jesus ◽

Christopher Willis Lopez ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Urban Communities ◽

Vaccine Safety ◽

Sociodemographic Factors ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Vaccine Hesitancy ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Media Reports ◽

Vaccine Confidence ◽

Families With Children

Objective: The study aimed to determine the factors that influence vaccine hesitancy among parents and caregivers of children 2 years old and younger in selected urban communities in Manila, Philippines. Methodology: The study used a cross-sectional study design with a modified questionnaire adapted from the SAGE Working Group on Vaccine Hesitancy. Self-administered surveys were conducted in two highly urbanized barangays (smallest administrative divisions) in Manila, Philippines. Results: The survey was completed by 110 respondents, comprised mostly of 20–39-year-old mothers. Most respondents (95.5%) believed that vaccines are protective however vaccine hesitancy rates among the respondents reached 36.4%. Respondents who believed in the protective nature of vaccines were less likely to report vaccine hesitancy and were nine times less likely to refuse vaccination for their children because of negative media exposure. The main reasons identified for vaccine hesitancy were exposure to negative media information and concerns about vaccine safety. The main negative media information identified by the respondents was related to the dengue vaccine, Dengvaxia®. Health-care workers and political leaders were the main supporters of vaccination in the community. Discussion: The recent events surrounding the Dengvaxia® controversy contributed to a decrease in vaccine confidence. The role of mass media in vaccine hesitancy was highlighted in this study, supporting previous evidence that vaccine hesitant parents tend to be more susceptible to media reports. The lack of association between sociodemographic factors and vaccine hesitancy implies that the determinants of vaccine hesitancy can be highly varied depending on context and setting.

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Patient health engagement model: explaining citizens noncompliance and maladaptive behaviors

European Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1093/eurpub/ckaa166.620 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽

Author(s):

G Graffigna ◽

S Barello ◽

L Palamenghi ◽

M Savarese ◽

G Castellini

Keyword(s):

Healthcare Services ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Health Prevention ◽

Prevention Measures ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Health Authorities ◽

Patient Health ◽

Public Health Authorities ◽

High Level ◽

Restrictive Measures

Abstract Background At the end of February 2020 a new case was diagnosed with COVID-19 in north Italy, suddenly followed by new cases. Italian health authorities decided to enforce restrictive measures. Northern areas of Italy were identified as “red areas” to slow down the epidemic and its impact on the healthcare system. From this perspective, the COVID-19 epidemic in Italy constitutes a testing ground for the assessment of the ability of consumers to cope with this health risk. Methods A cross-sectional study on a representative sample of 1000 Italian citizens was conducted over the period 27 February- 5 March exploring the following hypotheses: 1) less engaged individuals are more concerned for the health emergency and feel more vulnerable; 2) less engaged have higher probability to develop negative attitudes and dysfunctional behaviors. Results only the 16% the interviewees presented a high level of engagement. Lower levels of engagement were measured in the southern parts of Italy (not yet touched by the epidemics at the time of data collection). People with lowers levels of engagement reported higher fears for the contagion and sense of vulnerability. Furthermore, they showed the lower levels of trust in the Public Health Authorities, in medical research and in vaccines. Finally, they appeared more dismissive in their preventive behaviors and more disorganized in the fruition of the healthcare services. Conclusions A psychological analysis of processes of attitudinal and role change in the direction of becoming more engaged in health prevention is worthy in order to forecast potential dysfunctional reactions to restrictive health prevention measures and to orient personalized education initiatives to consumers with different level of engagement. Key messages Profiling based on the levels of health engagement is important in order to plan more effective healthcare measures during epidemics. Targeted educational initiatives should take into account citizens' engagement profiles.

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The Uptake and Vaccination Willingness of COVID-19 Vaccine among Chinese Residents: Web-Based Online Cross-Sectional Study

Vaccines ◽

10.3390/vaccines10010090 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 90

Author(s):

Yi Kong ◽

Hao Jiang ◽

Zhisheng Liu ◽

Yi Guo ◽

Dehua Hu

Keyword(s):

Health Status ◽

Binary Logistic Regression ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Personal Health ◽

Binary Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Snowball Sampling ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Web Based ◽

The Difference ◽

High Level

Objective: To investigate the uptake and vaccination willingness of the COVID-19 vaccine among Chinese residents and analyze the difference and factors that impact vaccination. Methods: The snowball sampling method was used to distribute online questionnaires. Relevant sociodemographic data along with the circumstances of COVID-19 vaccination were collected from the respondents. The χ2 test, independent samples t test and binary logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the data. Results: Among 786 respondents, 84.22% had been vaccinated. Over 80% of the vaccinated population have completed all the injections because of supporting the national vaccination policies of China, while the unvaccinated population (23.91%) is mainly due to personal health status. Meanwhile, statistical analysis revealed that the main predictors of not being vaccinated were younger age (3 to 18 years old), personal health status, and lower vaccinated proportion of family members and close friends (p < 0.05). Conclusions: There was a high level of uptake of the COVID-19 vaccine in China, and people who have not been vaccinated generally had a low willingness to vaccinate in the future. Based on our results, it suggested the next work to expand the coverage of the COVID-19 vaccination should be concentrated on targeted publicity and education for people who have not been vaccinated.

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Fatigue and Its Related Factors Among Iranian Cancer Survivors

Journal of Caring Sciences ◽

10.34172/jcs.2021.032 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 210-215

Author(s):

Musab Ghaderi ◽

Arman Azadi ◽

Azad Rahmani ◽

Zohreh Sanaat ◽

Hosein Nazemiyeh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cancer Survivors ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Related Factors ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Fatigue Score ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Effective Interventions ◽

High Level

Introduction: Cancer-related fatigue (CRF) is one of the major problems experienced by cancer patients. Identifying the prevalence and factors associated with CRF may be effective in designing appropriate interventions to reduce this problem. This study aimed to examine the prevalence of CRF and its related factors among Iranian cancer survivors. Methods: The samples of this descriptive cross-sectional study included 131 cancer survivors referred to outpatient clinic of Shahid Gazi Hospital affiliated to Tabriz University of Medical Sciences. Brief fatigue inventory (BFI) questionnaire was used for data collection. The data were analyzed using SPSS software version 13, descriptive statistics, and regression analysis. Results: The mean (SD) fatigue score was 6.41 (1.68) and 89% of survivors reported that they had suffered from CRF. The factors affecting CRF included blood pressure, diabetes mellitus, anemia, serum levels of blood urea nitrogen (BUN), marital status, type of cancer, and physical activity. Conclusion: High level of CRF in cancer survivors requires special attention and designing effective interventions through considering the identified factors associated with CRF.

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Acceptability of the Coronavirus Disease-2019 Vaccine Among Medical Students in Uganda: a Cross Sectional Study.

10.21203/rs.3.rs-425207/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Andrew Marvin Kanyike ◽

Ronald Olum ◽

Jonathan Kajjimu ◽

Daniel Ojilong ◽

Grabriel Madut Akech ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Medical Students ◽

Perceived Risk ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Vaccine Hesitancy ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Future Health ◽

Vaccine Acceptability ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The Future ◽

Global Threat

Abstract Background COVID-19 is still a major global threat and vaccination remains the long-lasting solution. Unanimous uptake of the COVID-19 vaccine is required to subsequently avert its spread. We therefore, assessed COVID-19 vaccine acceptability, hesitancy, and associated factors among medical students in Uganda. Methods This study employed an online descriptive cross-sectional survey among medical students across 10 medical schools in Uganda. A structured questionnaire as a Google form was sent to participants via WhatsApp. Data was extracted and analyzed using Microsoft Excel 2016 and STATA 16. Descriptive statistics, bivariate and multivariable analyses were performed. Results We surveyed 600 medical students, 377 (62.8%) were male. COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and acceptability were 30.7% and 37.3%, respectively. Factors associated with vaccine acceptability were being female (aOR = 1.9, 95% CI: 1.3–2.9, p = 0.001), being single (aOR = 2.1, 95% CI 1.1–3.9, p = 0.022). Very high (aOR = 3.5, 95% CI 1.7–6.9, p < 0.001) or moderate (aOR = 2.2, 95% CI 1.2–4.1, p = 0.008) perceived risk of getting COVID-19 in the future, receiving any vaccine in the past 5 years (aOR = 1.6, 95% CI 1.1–2.5, p = 0.017), and COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy (aOR 0.6, 95% CI 0.4–0.9, p = 0.036). Conclusions This study revealed low levels of acceptance towards the COVID-19 vaccine among medical students, low self-perceived risks of COVID-19, and many had relied on social media that provided them with negative information. This poses an evident risk on the battle towards COVID-19 in the future especially when these future health professions are expected to be influencing decisions of the general public towards the same.

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Factors affecting dental prosthesis satisfaction in Pakistani population

International Journal of Dental Research ◽

10.14419/ijdr.v3i2.5439 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 24 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Naseer Ahmed ◽

Saba Faruqui

Keyword(s):

Positive Impact ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Study Patient ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Pakistani Population ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Level Of Satisfaction ◽

Fixed Prosthesis ◽

Edentulous Patients ◽

High Level

The purpose of this clinical study was to determine the level of patients satisfaction after prosthodontic treatment.This cross sectional study was conducted in Altamash Institute of Dental Medicine, a total of 200 partially edentulous patients already restored with removable or fixed prosthesis participated in this study. Patient satisfaction was evaluated by Likert's scale. The Patients were given options of unsatisfied, not very satisfied, neutral, somewhat satisfied and satisfied to evaluate patients level of satisfaction for factors such as phonetics, pain, mastication, taste and esthetics.After statistical analysis, Likert scale score's positively for all factors such as phonetics, pain, mastication, taste and esthetics.After prosthodontic treatment patients show high level of satisfaction with their prosthesis though showing positive impact of prosthesis on oral health.

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Lack of lockdown, open borders, and no vaccination in sight: is Bosnia and Herzegovina a control group?

10.1101/2021.03.01.21252700 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Adnan Fojnica ◽

Ahmed Osmanovic ◽

Nermin Đuzic ◽

Armin Fejzic ◽

Ensar Mekic ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mortality Rate ◽

Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽

Health Care Professionals ◽

Herd Immunity ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Vaccine Hesitancy ◽

Control Group ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Vaccine Acceptance ◽

Open Borders

AbstractBosnia and Herzegovina is among ten countries in the world with the highest mortality rate due to COVID-19 infection. Lack of lockdown, open borders, high mortality rate, no herd immunity, no vaccination plan, and strong domestic anti-vaccination movement present serious COVID-19 concerns in Bosnia and Herzegovina. In such circumstances, we set out to study if the population is willing to receive the vaccine.A cross-sectional study was conducted among 10,471 adults in Bosnia and Herzegovina to assess the attitude of participants toward COVID-19 vaccination. Using a logistic regression model, we assessed the associations of sociodemographic characteristics with vaccine rejection, reasons for vaccine hesitancy, preferred vaccine manufacturer, and information sources.Surprisingly, only 25.7% of respondents indicated they would like to get a COVID-19 vaccine, while 74.3% of respondents were either hesitant or completely rejected vaccination. The vaccine acceptance increased with increasing age, education, and income level. Major motivation of pro-vaccination behaviour was intention to achieve collective immunity (30.1%), while the leading incentive for vaccine refusal was deficiency of clinical data (30.2%). The Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine is shown to be eightfold more preferred vaccine compared to the other manufacturers. For the first time, vaccine acceptance among health care professionals has been reported, where only 39.4% of healthcare professionals expressed willingness to get vaccinated.With the high share of the population unwilling to vaccinate, governmental impotence in securing the vaccines supplies, combined with the lack of any lockdown measures suggests that Bosnia and Herzegovina is unlikely to put COVID-19 pandemic under control in near future.

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Willingness, beliefs, and barriers regarding the COVID-19 vaccine in Saudi Arabia: a multiregional cross-sectional study

BMC Family Practice ◽

10.1186/s12875-021-01606-6 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Noura Altulahi ◽

Shouq AlNujaim ◽

Azzam Alabdulqader ◽

Abdullah Alkharashi ◽

Assaf AlMalki ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Saudi Arabia ◽

Herd Immunity ◽

Vaccine Safety ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Vaccine Uptake ◽

Vaccine Hesitancy ◽

Considerable Proportion ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

High School Degree ◽

Validated Questionnaire

Abstract Background The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has spread worldwide, and the vaccine remains the ultimate cornerstone to overcoming its long-term impact. Vaccine hesitancy might obstruct the effort to achieve herd immunity and eradicate the virus. We assessed Saudi Arabian individuals’ willingness, beliefs, and barriers regarding the COVID-19 vaccine and their adherence to preventive measures during and after the pandemic. Methods A self-administered electronic validated questionnaire was distributed among the five major regions in Saudi Arabia between November and December 2020. The questionnaire addressed the sociodemographic data, beliefs, potential barriers, parents’ acceptance of COVID-19 vaccination for their children, and adherence to protective measures during and after the pandemic. Results Of 8,056 participants, 4,218 (52.4%) of a non-representative sample were willing to be vaccinated against COVID-19. Being a young adult, male, having less than a high school degree, being a smoker, having a chronic disease, and having a history of seasonal influenza vaccine uptake were positive predictors of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance. Hesitant participants reported concerns about vaccine side effects and safety as the main barriers to accepting the COVID-19 vaccine. Some refusers (26.1%) declared that they would reconsider vaccination only if the safety and effectiveness of the vaccine were reported by more studies. Conclusions Our study revealed a promising willingness to accept the vaccine among the population, with positive beliefs and attitudes toward COVID-19 vaccination. However, a considerable proportion of the population was reluctant to accept the vaccine. Thus, publicly providing information about vaccine safety and implementing health education programs is crucial for increasing the public’s confidence in the vaccine.

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Knowledge, precautionary actions, and perceived risk of COVID-19 among Indonesian people

International Journal of Public Health Science (IJPHS) ◽

10.11591/ijphs.v10i1.20589 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 8

Author(s):

Ratih Oktri Nanda ◽

Lolita Lolita ◽

Wiwik Indayati ◽

Ivong Rusdiyanti ◽

Azis Ikhsanudin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Perceived Risk ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Average Score ◽

Online Questionnaire ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Effective Strategies ◽

Precautionary Action ◽

New Type ◽

Novel Coronavirus ◽

High Level

Novel coronavirus was first identified in China in December 2019, causing several cases of the new type of pneumonia. The exported cases were found in other countries, including countries in the Southeast Asia region. At the same time, no cases were confirmed in Indonesia. We aimed to assess COVID-19 related knowledge, precautionary actions, and perceived risk among general Indonesian population when there were no confirmed cases in Indonesia. This study was a descriptive cross-sectional study involving 382 participants aged 17 years and above residing in Indonesia. The data was collected through the online questionnaire from February 19th to February 29th 2020. The average score of COVID-19 related knowledge was 88.0%, whereas 83.8% of the participants had a high level of knowledge. The average score of taking precautionary actions was 77.4% and 65.7% had a high level of performance. In terms of the perceived risk of COVID-19, only 11.3% of the participants perceived themselves likely to acquire COVID-19 when compared with other diseases or accidents. The perceived risk of COVID-19 was significantly associated with precautionary action (p<0.05). Perceived risk of COVID-19 was at a low level when there were no confirmed cases. Effective strategies of risk communication are needed to improve precautionary actions to prevent COVID-19.

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Understanding COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in Pakistan: The paradigm of Confidence, Convenience and Complacency; A Cross-sectional study.

10.1101/2021.07.12.21260409 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Naveen Siddique Sheikh ◽

Mumtaz Touseef ◽

Riddah Sultan ◽

Kanwal Hassan Cheema ◽

Sidra Shafiq Cheema ◽

...

Keyword(s):

General Population ◽

Healthcare Workers ◽

Herd Immunity ◽

Population Data ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Vaccine Uptake ◽

Vaccine Hesitancy ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Vaccination Programs

Background and objectives: Vaccine hesitancy is a big obstacle for vaccination programs, as is anticipated for the COVID-19 vaccination program, resulting in low uptake of vaccines thereby hindering the process of reaching herd immunity. Bearing this in mind the current study was aimed to explore the determinants of vaccine hesitancy amongst the Pakistani population. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was carried out from the 23rd-31st January 2021. The conceptual framework of the study was based on the 3Cs (Confidence, Convenience, Complacency) model. Google-forms-based questionnaire was disseminated amongst the general population. Data collected were entered into SPSS version 26 and analyzed. Results: Of the 421 participants, 68.4% were females. Non-healthcare workers were 55.8% of respondents. Vaccine hesitant individuals, 26.13% reported they were very unlikely to get vaccinated. Vaccine was not safe as it came out too fast was agreed upon by 12.6% individuals, 50.6% were worried about experiencing side-effects, 18% believed vaccine will not offer protection and 5.9% believed vaccine would cause death. Low Practice of SOP in non-Healthcare workers was the strongest contributor to vaccine hesitancy (OR: 5.338, p=0.040, 95% CI: 1.082-26.330) followed by High complacency (p=0.026) and Moderate Complacency (OR: 0.212, p=0.007, 95% CI: 0.069-0.654) towards COVID-19 vaccination. In Healthcare workers the strongest contributor to vaccine hesitancy was having a Moderate Confidence (OR: 0.323, p=0.042, 95% CI: 0.109-0.958) in the vaccine followed by Moderate Convenience (OR: 0.304, p=0.049, 95% CI: 0.093-0.993) for vaccination Conclusion: Campaigning and communication strategies to reaffirm confidence in the COVID-19 vaccine and educating the general population about the vaccine could lead to increased perception of vaccine safety and effectiveness thereby restoring confidence in vaccine and decreasing vaccine hesitancy. Likewise, working to increase vaccine convenience and decreasing complacency towards the COVID-19 vaccine would translate into high vaccine uptake.

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