Conventional and Organic Options for the Control of Woolly Distaff Thistle (Carthamus lanatus)

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (01) ◽  
pp. 72-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph M. DiTomaso ◽  
Guy B. Kyser ◽  
David J. Lewis ◽  
John A. Roncoroni
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Management ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
North Coast ◽  
The North ◽  
Herbicide Treatments ◽  
Control Options ◽  
Herbicide Mixture ◽  
Winter Annual ◽  
Management Approaches ◽  
Consistent Treatment

Woolly distaff thistle is a long-lived winter annual that threatens the ranching and dairy industries within the North Coast counties of California, particularly the organic producers. No peer-reviewed publications have documented effective control options or integrated management approaches for this species. We conducted two experiments, each replicated, in Marin County, California. The first compared several conventional herbicides at two timings and rates, while the second compared a conventional herbicide treatment with organic and integrated organic control methods, including an organic herbicide (mixture of capric and caprylic acids). Results of the conventional herbicide treatments showed most spring applications (March or April) of aminopyralid, aminocyclopyrachlor, clopyralid, and combinations of aminopyralid + triclopyr, or aminocyclopyrachlor + chlorsulfuron had greater than 99% control of woolly distaff thistle with fewer than 1.5 seedlings per 27-m2 plot by the end of the growing season. Higher rates were generally necessary to achieve the same level of control with winter (January) applications. In the organic herbicide treatments, the most consistent treatment was a combination of mowing followed by 9% (v/v) or the organic herbicide. This treatment was slightly less effective compared with aminopyralid but did have better than 95% control of woolly distaff thistle. The results of this study provide control options for both conventional and organic ranching practices where woolly distaff thistle is a problem.

Glyphosate-Resistant Giant Ragweed (Ambrosia trifida) Control in WideStrike® Flex Cotton

2012 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 611-616 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly A. Barnett ◽  
Thomas C. Mueller ◽  
Lawrence E. Steckel
Keyword(s):  
Field Study ◽  
Crop Yield ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Ambrosia Trifida ◽  
Cotton Variety ◽  
Potential Control ◽  
Giant Ragweed ◽  
Herbicide Treatments ◽  
Control Options ◽  
Effective Treatments

A field study was conducted in 2009, 2010, and 2011 on a grower's field with a known population of glyphosate-resistant giant ragweed to determine potential control options utilizing a WideStrike® cotton variety. Glyphosate-resistant giant ragweed control and cotton response to herbicide applications were both assessed. Few herbicide treatments provided greater than 80% control. Glufosinate followed by glufosinate was the only treatment that provided greater than 90% control at each assessment timing. Other effective treatments were glufosinate alone, glufosinate plus glyphosate, glyphosate plus pyrithiobac, and glufosinate plus fluometuron. Results from this study indicate that few of the studied herbicide treatments provide effective control of glyphosate-resistant giant ragweed without reducing yield in WideStrike cotton. Treatments that had the highest level of giant ragweed control at all ratings and also had the highest yield included glufosinate followed by glufosinate, glufosinate plus pyrithiobac, and glufosinate plus fluometuron at either rate. However, glufosinate followed by glufosinate was the only treatment that resulted in greater than 90% control of giant ragweed without reducing crop yield.

Italian Ryegrass (Lolium perenne), Feral Cereal Rye (Secale cereale), and Volunteer Wheat (Triticum aestivum) Control in Winter Canola

2011 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 344-349 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Bushong ◽  
T. Peeper ◽  
M. Boyles ◽  
A. Stone
Keyword(s):  
Italian Ryegrass ◽  
Crop Rotations ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Resistant Variety ◽  
Target Species ◽  
Winter Canola ◽  
Cereal Rye ◽  
Herbicide Treatments ◽  
Annual Grasses ◽  
Winter Annual

Winter wheat is the predominant crop in Oklahoma, but winter annual grasses are becoming increasingly difficult to control. Summer crop rotations have not been generally adopted; it was decided, therefore, to use winter canola in a crop rotation. However, very little is known about how well herbicides used in canola production will control the winter annual grasses found in Oklahoma wheat fields. Thus, an experiment was conducted at three sites, and repeated the following year, to determine the efficacy of trifluralin, quizalofop, clethodim, and glyphosate in canola production. The weeds evaluated in the experiment were Italian ryegrass, feral cereal rye, and volunteer wheat, along with two varieties of canola: a glyphosate-resistant variety and a conventional variety. All herbicides effectively controlled volunteer wheat. Feral cereal rye and Italian ryegrass varied in response to the herbicide treatments. Trifluralin followed by (fb) quizalofop and glyphosate fb glyphosate were effective on all target species across locations. Effective control of grass weeds was obtained in both conventional and glyphosate-resistant winter canola. Most herbicide treatments improved canola yield over the nontreated check. This experiment demonstrates that Oklahoma wheat producers can effectively rotate to canola to use other herbicides for control of problematic grassy weeds.

Development of the Honduran tropical moist forest: Experiences in integrated management areas

1993 ◽  
Vol 69 (6) ◽  
pp. 672-679 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gérard Szaraz ◽  
Dagoberto Irías
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Management ◽  
Development Project ◽  
North Coast ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Forest Protection ◽  
Forest Reserves ◽  
Administrative Capacity ◽  
The North ◽  
Moist Forest ◽  
Rural Dwellers

The tropical moist forest of Honduras runs the risk of vanishing in the near future. Lessons from past experience in setting up forest protection schemes demonstrate that it is impossible to maintain forest reserves when the needs of the forest-dependant rural dwellers are ignored. Ten integrated management areas were established on the North Coast of Honduras as small-scale models of sustainable community forest development.Preliminary results of the CIDA-COHDEFOR Hardwood Forest Development Project indicate that forest management has been incorporated into pit sawing operations by delimiting forest boundaries, undertaking forest inventory and practicing silviculture. Lesser known species are being increasingly used for local and foreign consumption. The organizational and administrative capacity of the beneficiary groups have also been improved.

MBAH HENDRO KUSUMO BIN SYECH AHMAD MUTAMAKKIN: JEJAK SYIAR ISLAM DI WILAYAH PATI

EMPIRISMA ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fathimatuz Zahra Dan Abdul Azis
Keyword(s):  
Central Region ◽  
Marital Relationship ◽  
Southern Region ◽  
North Coast ◽  
The North ◽  
Trace Back ◽  
Northern Regions ◽  
The One

Pati is a region on the north coast, according to the hypothesis of the researcher, the region is divided into three categories. The northern regions are more religious, the central is more plural, while the southern region is in the middle. In the central region there are many relics of tombs believed to be the those of the Muslim proselytizers in the area of Pati. The one that attracts the researcher is a tomb in the Gambiran area, where there are five local Muslim saints buried, one of them belons to mbah Hendro Kusumo, the son of Syech Ahmad Mutamakkin. This article attempts to trace back the spreading of Islam in Pati based on the existence of thetomb of Mbah Hendro Kusumo. It wants to answer question of whethere the existence of his tomb is due to his studying there or marital relationship, and how it relates to the spreading of Islam.Keywords: Mbah Hendro Kusumo, Traces of Islamic Dakwah, Islam

4 The Tyara Site

1968 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. 44-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
William E. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Sandy Beach ◽  
North Coast ◽  
National Museum ◽  
The West ◽  
Rock Outcrops ◽  
Small Boat ◽  
The North

The Tyara site, KkFb-7 in the National Museum catalogue and site file, faces the north coast of the Ungava mainland and rests on the west shore of Sugluk Island (Fig. 1). That island stands about five hundred yards from the mainland and from Sugluk Inlet, one of the few good harbors on that coast. This handsome little island, about one and one-half miles long and as wide, consists of rounded, rugged, hardrock hills that shelter well-vegetated, generally flat-floored valleys. The valleys often contain marshy patches. The shore, of variable incline, is quite jagged, a result of abrupt rock outcrops projecting seaward from brief stretches of sandy beach. The shore facing the mainland is, therefore, quite convenient for small boat use. Dark grey gneisses seem to predominate, although they are often cut by dykes and veins of lighter material, notably quartz. The dense, green valley and hillside vegetation includes willows, mosses, grasses, lichens, and a pleasant profusion of arctic wild flowers (Polunin 1948, Pt. III). I was told at Sugluk that at the head of the inlet, willows, growing in protected situations, reach the thickness of a man's wrist.

Seed production and seedling emergence of Giant Parramatta grass on the north coast of New South Wales

1996 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 299 ◽  
Author(s):  
TS Andrews ◽  
RDB Whalley ◽  
CE Jones
Keyword(s):  
Seed Production ◽  
Seed Bank ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Seed Banks ◽  
North Coast ◽  
The North ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Seed Fall ◽  
The Impact

Inputs and losses from Giant Parramatta grass [GPG, Sporobolus indicus (L.) R. Br. var. major (Buse) Baaijens] soil seed banks were quantified on the North Coast of New South Wales. Monthly potential seed production and actual seed fall was estimated at Valla during 1991-92. Total potential production was >668 000 seeds/m2 for the season, while seed fall was >146000 seeds/m2. Seed fall >10000 seeds/m2.month was recorded from January until May, with further seed falls recorded in June and July. The impact of seed production on seed banks was assessed by estimating seed banks in the seed production quadrats before and after seed fall. Seed banks in 4 of the 6 sites decreased in year 2, although seed numbers at 1 damp site increased markedly. Defoliation from mid-December until February, April or June prevented seed production, reducing seed banks by 34% over 7 months. Seed banks in undefoliated plots increased by 3300 seeds/m2, although seed fall was estimated at >114 000 seeds/m2. Emergence of GPG seedlings from artificially established and naturally occurring, persistent seed banks was recorded for 3 years from bare and vegetated treatment plots. Sown seeds showed high levels of innate dormancy and only 4% of seeds emerged when sown immediately after collection. Longer storage of seeds after collection resulted in more seedlings emerging. Estimates of persistent seed banks ranged from 1650 to about 21260 seeds/m2. Most seedlings emerged in spring or autumn and this was correlated with rainfall but not with ambient temperatures. Rates of seed bank decline in both bare and vegetated treatment plots was estimated by fitting exponential decay curves to seed bank estimates. Assuming no further seed inputs, it was estimated that it would take about 3 and 5 years, respectively, for seed banks to decline to 150 seeds/m2 in bare and vegetated treatments.

scholarly journals The Potential of GRASP/GARRLiC Retrievals for Dust Aerosol Model Evaluation: Case Study during the PreTECT Campaign

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 873
Author(s):  
Dimitra Konsta ◽  
Alexandra Tsekeri ◽  
Stavros Solomos ◽  
Nikolaos Siomos ◽  
Anna Gialitaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Model Evaluation ◽  
Dust Concentration ◽  
Saharan Dust ◽  
North Coast ◽  
Concentration Profiles ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Aerosol Model ◽  
The North ◽  
Sun Photometer

We use the Generalized Retrieval of Aerosol Surface Properties algorithm (GRASP) to compare with dust concentration profiles derived from the NMME-DREAM model for a specific dust episode. The GRASP algorithm provides the possibility of deriving columnar and vertically-resolved aerosol properties from a combination of lidar and sun-photometer observations. Herein, we apply GRASP for analysis of a Saharan dust outburst observed during the “PREparatory: does dust TriboElectrification affect our ClimaTe” campaign (PreTECT) that took place at the North coast of Crete, at the Finokalia ACTRIS station. GRASP provides column-averaged and vertically resolved microphysical and optical properties of the particles. The retrieved dust concentration profiles are compared with modeled concentration profiles derived from the NMME-DREAM dust model. To strengthen the results, we use dust concentration profiles from the POlarization-LIdar PHOtometer Networking method (POLIPHON). A strong underestimation of the maximum dust concentration is observed from the NMME-DREAM model. The reported differences between the retrievals and the model indicate a high potential of the GRASP algorithm for future studies of dust model evaluation.

scholarly journals Thinner Sea Ice Contribution to the Remarkable Polynya Formation North of Greenland in August 2018

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoyi Shen ◽  
Chang-Qing Ke ◽  
Bin Cheng ◽  
Wentao Xia ◽  
Mengmeng Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sea Ice ◽  
Ice Cover ◽  
Reanalysis Data ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Ocean Model ◽  
North Coast ◽  
Average Value ◽  
The North ◽  
Wind Sea ◽  
The One

AbstractIn August 2018, a remarkable polynya was observed off the north coast of Greenland, a perennial ice zone where thick sea ice cover persists. In order to investigate the formation process of this polynya, satellite observations, a coupled ice-ocean model, ocean profiling data, and atmosphere reanalysis data were applied. We found that the thinnest sea ice cover in August since 1978 (mean value of 1.1 m, compared to the average value of 2.8 m during 1978–2017) and the modest southerly wind caused by a positive North Atlantic Oscillation (mean value of 0.82, compared to the climatological value of −0.02) were responsible for the formation and maintenance of this polynya. The opening mechanism of this polynya differs from the one formed in February 2018 in the same area caused by persistent anomalously high wind. Sea ice drift patterns have become more responsive to the atmospheric forcing due to thinning of sea ice cover in this region.

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