Ernietta from the late Edicaran Nama Group, Namibia

2016 ◽  
Vol 90 (6) ◽  
pp. 1017-1026 ◽  
Author(s):  
David A. Elliott ◽  
Peter W. Trusler ◽  
Guy M. Narbonne ◽  
Patricia Vickers-Rich ◽  
Nicole Morton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Column ◽  
Body Length ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Body Wall ◽  
Original Description ◽  
The Body ◽  
Dorsal Part ◽  
Taxonomic Significance ◽  
Field Site ◽  
On Farm

AbstractErnietta plateauensis Pflug, 1966 is the type species of the Erniettomorpha, an extinct clade of Ediacaran life. It was likely a gregarious, partially infaunal organism. Despite its ecological and taxonomic significance, there has not been an in-depth systematic description in the literature since the original description fell out of use. A newly discovered field site on Farm Aar in southern Namibia has yielded dozens of specimens buried in original life position. Mudstone and sandstone features associated with the fossils indicate that organisms were buried while still exposed to the water column rather than deposited in a flow event. Ernietta plateauensis was a sac-shaped erniettomorph with a body wall constructed from a double layer of tubes. It possessed an equatorial seam lying perpendicular to the tubes. The body is asymmetrical on either side of this seam. The tubes change direction along the body length and appear to be constricted together in the dorsal part of the organism.

EFFECTS OF THYROXINE AND THIOUREA ON THE EARLY DEVELOPMENT OF CHUM SALMON (ONCORHYNCHUS KETA)

1954 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 244-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Dales ◽  
William S. Hoar
Keyword(s):  
Body Length ◽  
Chum Salmon ◽  
Body Wall ◽  
The Body ◽  
Oncorhynchus Keta ◽  
Apparent Effect ◽  
Pectoral Fins ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Treated Fish ◽  
Accelerated Growth

Eggs of chum salmon were incubated in solutions of synthetic thyroxine sodium or thiourea. Thyroxine accelerated growth of the body wall and pectoral fins but reduced the rate of increase in body length. In addition, thyroxine treatment produced exophthalmia, intense deposition of guanine, and decreased pigmentation. Thiourea likewise reduced the rate of growth in length but had no apparent effect on the development of body wall or fins. Decreased deposition of guanine was evident in thiourea treated fish but the deposition of melanin was not affected. Thyroids of fish treated with thyroxine showed characteristic colloid storage while those of fish in thiourea were hyperplastic. The rate of contraction of the embryonic heart was unaffected by the treatments.

Morphometric and molecular analyses of Skrjabinolecithum pyriforme n. sp. (Digenea: Haploporidae) in mullet fish from the Primorsky Region, Russia

2016 ◽  
Vol 91 (5) ◽  
pp. 625-632 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.V. Besprozvannykh ◽  
D.M. Atopkin ◽  
A.V. Ermolenko ◽  
A.Yu. Beloded
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Oral Sucker ◽  
Body Length ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Close Relationships ◽  
The Body ◽  
Similar Species ◽  
Body Width ◽  
Molecular Analyses ◽  
A New Species

AbstractA new species of Skrjabinolecithum (Digenea: Waretrematinae), Skrjabinolecithum pyriforme n. sp., has been found in the intestines of Liza haematocheila and Mugil cephalus from the Primorsky Region, Russia. These worms differ from S. vitellosum and S. lobolecithum by the presence of two caeca, as do S. spasskii, S. indicum and S. bengalensis. These species differ morphologically from S. pyriforme n. sp. by a number of features, including body width, oral sucker, pharynx, eggs and ratio of length and width of the body. The most similar species to S. pyriforme n. sp. is Platydidymus flecterotestis (Zhukov, 1971) with some differences in maximal body length, testis and egg sizes. The results of molecular analysis confirmed that this new species belongs to Skrjabinolecithum on the basis of close relationships with S. spasskii-type species.

On-farm husbandry practices and phenotypic characteristics of indigenous Assamese buffaloes of India

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shafiqul Islam ◽  
Safeer Alam ◽  
Gujeet Kaur ◽  
Amulya Kr. Gogoi
Keyword(s):  
Body Length ◽  
Health Management ◽  
Body Height ◽  
The Body ◽  
Phenotypic Characteristics ◽  
Feeding Management ◽  
Common Category ◽  
Husbandry Practices ◽  
On Farm ◽  
Further Development

Present investigation was conducted on 3310 Assamese buffaloes during the period 2009-13 to study on-farm husbandry practices and phenotypic characteristics. Fifty two breeders were randomly selected from 18 villages of three districts in its breeding tract in Assam, India. A pre-structured questionnaire was used to interview the breeders to generate data which included husbandry practices: housing and sanitation, feeding, breeding and general health management and body measurement: body length, body height, heart girth, paunch girth. The data collected were analyzed by descriptive statistics (percentages). The study revealed that the body length, height, heart girth and paunch girth for young and adult animals, ranged from 70.45±0.82 to 143.62±1.10, 81.34±0.60 to 136.31±1.00, 88.85±0.53 to 186.95±0.95 and 96.04±0.83 to 197.96±0.99 cm respectively. The results showed that the breeders have adopted good husbandry practices under existing farming situations in the area except sanitation and drainage was very poor. Feeding management was mostly extensive type (100%) for 8 hours (100%) and the Colostrum and milk feeding to young calves was practiced by 100% of the farmers. Whereas breeding is concerned, 46.15% breeders maintained 40-60 animals with 1-2 breeding bulls (78.85%) for natural breeding (100%). Buffalo breeders adopted deworming (40.38%) in young as well as adult animals and the vaccination of animals were practiced only 38.46%. The treatment of diseased animals was performed mostly by Veterinary Field Assistants (38.62%) and the Quacks (51.92%). Most common category of diseases was FMD, BQ and Parasites (36.54%) in the area. The animals are good for draft purpose and known for higher fat contents in its milk, hence recommended for its conservation and further development.

The genus Thelepus Leuckart, 1849 (Annelida, Thelepodidae) in Brazil, with a redescription of the holotype of T. setosus (Quatrefages, 1866)

Zootaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4250 (6) ◽  
pp. 587
Author(s):  
ORLEMIR CARRERETTE ◽  
JOÃO MIGUEL DE MATOS NOGUEIRA ◽  
PAT HUTCHINGS
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Body Wall ◽  
Original Description ◽  
Species Level ◽  
The Body ◽  
Type Locality ◽  
Lower Lip ◽  
Cosmopolitan Species ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Two New Species

The genus Thelepus Leuckart, 1849 is well known in Brazilian waters, from a species recorded by several authors as T. setosus (Quatrefages, 1866), which is considered to be a cosmopolitan species. However, the type locality of T. setosus is in France, which renders the presence of this species in Brazilian waters rather unlikely. The wide range of distribution of T. setosus is most likely due to misidentifications, especially because the original description of the species is very brief and does not include several characters now relevant at species level. We provide herein a redescription of the holotype of T. setosus and describe two new species from Brazilian material previously identified as belonging to that species. Thelepus megalabiatum n. sp. is characterised by having an expanded lower lip extending ventrally, many branchial filaments, originating from swollen cushions, with wide mid-dorsal gap between filaments within pairs, 26–33 segments with glandular areas, and 44–61+ pairs of notopodia. Thelepus brevitori n. sp. is characterised by having fewer branchial filaments, originating directly from the body wall, about 17 segments highly glandular ventrally, and up to 27 pairs of notopodia. Both new species are compared to the most similar congeners, including T. setosus. 

A Note on the British Species of Cucumarians, Involving the Erection of Two New Nominal Genera

1970 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 683-687 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. W. E. Rowe
Keyword(s):  
Type Species ◽  
Body Wall ◽  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Other ◽  
Posterior Region ◽  
The Press ◽  
The University ◽  
Species Being ◽  
Calcareous Ring

While preparing a report on Echinodermata from the Stilly Isles, based on collections made by the University of London Sub-Aqua Club but including also earlier records by various authors (F. W. E. Rowe, J. nat. Hist., in the Press), it became apparent that the species generally known as Cucumaria saxicola Brady & Robertson and C. normani Pace, from Mortensen's classic handbook (1927), have not been satisfactorily reassigned generically since the break-up of Cucumaria sensu extenso and need new generic names in conformity with current views on generic distinctions in the Dendrochirotida.Mortensen (1927), in his survey of the Echinoderms of the British Isles, includes seven species in the genus Cucumaria: C. frondosa (Gunnerus); C. elongata Düben & Koren; C. hyndmanni Thompson; C. saxicola Brady & Robertson; C. normani Pace;C. lactea (Forbes) and C. planci (Brandt), this last species being wrongly credited to von Marenzeller.C. frondosa is a plump to barrel-shaped animal with ten large, bushy tentacles, podia, at least in the older specimens, not restricted to the ambulacral areas, a calcareous ring with no posterior bifurcations on the radial plates or any fusion of the ventralmost radial and adjacent interradial plates and spicules of the body wall comprising thin, multilocular, smooth or slightly thorny plates, these being more or less restricted to the posterior region and to the podia in older animals. It has been designated type-species of the genus by Panning (1949), thus delimiting Cucumaria sensu stricto. The other species included by Mortensen cannot be treated as being congeneric with frondosa by virtue of their elongate body, ten relatively small tentacles of which the ventralmost two are smaller than the remaining eight, podia restricted to the ambulacral areas, calcareous ring showing a tendency, in some forms, to develop posterior bifurcations on the radial plates and fusion of the ventral-most radial and adjacent interradial plates and the differing form and combinations of spicules of the body wall.

On Two New Species of Lytocestus from Burma and the Sudan Respectively

1956 ◽  
Vol 30 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 87-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean A. Lynsdale
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Body Length ◽  
Type Species ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cortical Parenchyma ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Uterine Glands ◽  
Longitudinal Muscles

The sub-family Lytocestinae was created by Hunter (1927) to accommodate five genera—Lytocestus Cohn, 1908 (type genus), Balanotaenia Johnston, 1924, Monobothrioides Fuhrmann and Baer, 1925, Djombangie Bovien, 1926, and Lytocestoides Baylis, 1928. He based the characteristics of the sub-family on the broad characters of the type genus, e.g. “Sub-family Lytocestinae Hunter, 1927. Sub-family diagnosis: Caryophyllaeidae with sexual apertures and ovary situated in the last quarter of the body length. The inner longitudinal muscles lie entirely internal to the vitellaria which are annularly arranged about the muscles in the cortical parenchyma. Uterine glands are present. Type genus Lytocestus Cohn, 1908.” All the foregoing characteristics are present in Lytocestus. Sub-sequently, two more genera, Khawia Hsu, 1935, and Stocksia Woodland, 1937 have been added, making a total of seven genera.According to Woodland (1926) the genus Lytocestus includes the following species: L. adhaerens Cohn, 1908 (type species), L. filiformis (Woodland, 1923), L. chalmersius (Woodland, 1924), L. cunningtoni (Fuhrmann and Baer, 1925), L. indicus (Moghe, 1925), and Balanotaenia bancrofti Johnston, 1924.

Larval development of a molpadiid holothuroid, Molpadia intermedia (Ludwig, 1894) (Echinodermata)

1985 ◽  
Vol 63 (11) ◽  
pp. 2553-2559 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Scott McEuen ◽  
Fu-Shiang Chia
Keyword(s):  
Larval Development ◽  
Water Column ◽  
Body Wall ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
The Body ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Sea Cucumbers ◽  
Animal Pole ◽  
Early Juvenile ◽  
Negatively Buoyant

Large adults of the caudate molpadiid Molpadia intermedia were collected from soft mud at depths of 26–28 m in East Sound, Orcas Island, Washington. In early December, both sexes spawned in the laboratory: males released occasional puffs of sperm and one female forcefully jetted eggs into the water column. The egg is 267 ± 12 μm in diameter and negatively buoyant with an orangish pink yolky cap at the animal pole which, after fertilization, develops into a coeloblastula through equal, holoblastic cleavages. The doliolaria larva bears two posterior ciliary rings and is uniformly ciliated on the anterior third of its body. The larva takes up a benthic existence soon after formation of the ciliary rings and becomes a pentactula with the protrusion of five primary tentacles. Addition of fine mud to cultures induced metamorphosis, at which time the collar of pink yolk is seen to be transferred to the region of the digestive tract. The larvae can delay metamorphosis for at least 5 d in the absence of mud. The early juvenile is transparent, and spired triradiate ossicles proliferate in the body wall. From this study and from a review of the literature, we suggest that the reproduction of the approximately 85 species of sea cucumbers in this cosmopolitan order is likely to be consistent with what we have described for M. intermedia. It is also suggested that the pink colored yolk can be used as a marker in experimental studies of development.

Scanning electron microscopy and intraspecific variation in Euchordodes nigromaculatus from New Zealand

1998 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Schmidt-Rhaesa ◽  
F. Thomas ◽  
R. Poulin
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Intraspecific Variation ◽  
Body Length ◽  
Original Description ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Cuticle ◽  
Cloacal Opening ◽  
Scanning Electron

AbstractTaxonomic characters of the male posterior end and the body cuticle of Euchordodes nigromaculatus (Nematomorpha) were described by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and compared with the original description by Poinar (1991a) and with other Euchordodes species. Intraspecific variation was found in the body length, the distance between the cloacal opening and the posterior end and especially in the form of the male posterior end. The latter either possesses two short lobelike structures and a ventral groove or lacks these structures. The importance of SEM investigations and observations of intraspecific variation is stressed for the taxonomy of nematomorph species.

Morphology of Calydiscoides-Nemipteris, Sp-Nov (Monogenea), With a Redescription and Revision of the Genus

1989 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 37 ◽  
Author(s):  
DA Thoney
Keyword(s):  
Great Barrier Reef ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Original Description ◽  
The Body ◽  
Barrier Reef ◽  
Copulatory Apparatus ◽  
Male Copulatory Apparatus

Calydiscoides nemipteris, sp. nov., was recovered from the gills of Scolopsis temporalis (Nemipteridae), collected near Heron I., Great Barrier Reef, Australia. Close examination of the squamodiscs on the opisthaptors of C. nemipteris, C, indianus, and the type-species, C, australis, revealed the structure of the squadmodiscs to be quite different from that in the genus description. Lamellae form a skeletal framework for the sucker-like squamodisc. The seven posterior band-shaped lamellae overlap each other, with their open ends facing outward forming a cavity within the disc with an opening to the exterior. The anterior three lamellae are in the form of complete concentrically arranged circular bands that telescope anteriorly at an angle into the body. In the original description, there was no mention of the sucker-like morphology, and all the lamellae were described as being complete concentric rings that telescoped into each other. Therefore, the genus is redescribed to reflect the morphology of the worms more accurately. In addition, Lamellodiscus japonicus has squamodiscs more similar to those of Calydiscoides than to Lamellodiscus; hence, it has been combined with Calydiscoides. The shape of the male copulatory apparatus, medial transverse bar and other characters differentiate C. nemipteris from its congeners.

Lymphangiomatosis of the Body Wall: A Report of Two Cases Associated with Chylothorax and Fatal Outcome

1997 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 617-624 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philippe Moerman ◽  
Chris Van Geet ◽  
Hugo Devlieger
Keyword(s):  
Body Wall ◽  
Fatal Outcome ◽  
The Body
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document