scholarly journals Time as space vs. time as quantity in Spanish: a co-speech gesture study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Daniel Alcaraz Carrión ◽  
Javier Valenzuela
Keyword(s):  
Spanish Speakers ◽  
Temporal Duration ◽  
Tv News ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Lateral Axis ◽  
End Results

Abstract There is a distinction between languages that use the duration is length metaphor, like English (e.g., long time), and languages like Spanish that conceptualise time using the duration is quantity metaphor (e.g., much time). The present study examines the use of both metaphors, exploring their multimodal behaviour in Spanish speakers. We analyse co-speech gesture patterns in the TV news setting, using data from the NewsScape Library, that co-occur with expressions that trigger the duration is quantity construal (e.g., durante todo ‘during the whole’) and the duration is length construal in the from X to Y construction (e.g., desde el principio hasta el final ‘from beginning to end’). Results show that both metaphors tend to co-occur with a semantic gesture, with a preference for the lateral axis, as reported in previous studies. However, our data also indicate that the direction of the gesture changes depending on the construal. The duration is quantity metaphor tends to be performed with gestures with an outwards direction, in contrast with the duration is length construal, which employ a left-to-right directionality. These differences in gesture realisation point to the existence of different construals for the concept of temporal duration.

Coastal Community Empowerment Strategy through PT. Antam (Persero) Tbk UBPN Southeast Sulawesi’s CSR Program

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-39
Author(s):  
Nur Azisyah Mukmin ◽  
Krisdyatmiko
Keyword(s):  
Mining Industry ◽  
Community Empowerment ◽  
Coastal Communities ◽  
Coastal Community ◽  
Client Relationship ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Impact ◽  
A Company

This article attempts to analyze the coastal community empowerment strategy of PT. Antam (Persero) Tbk UBPN Sultra’s CSR program. A company which engages in the mining industry should be aware of the impact caused by its activity. 53% of people living in coastal areas, especially for fisherman communities seen their icome decreased. This research used qualitative descriptive approach to examine the company, local government, yayasanbahari, and coastal communities beneficiaries as its unit analysis while also using data collection techniques such as interviews, observation, and documentation to filter the appropriate data. The sustainable economy-based coastal community empowerment program has been carried out since 2017 in 3 (three) villages in Pomalaa District, Kolaka Regency, Southeast Sulawesi. The findings of this research are: a) there is social jealousy between groups of fisherman due to difference in ethnical identities of Bugis, Bajo, and Makassar tribes. This conflict is known as primordial conflict and can be reduced by the creation of trust via interaction between YayasanBahari and coastal communities; b) there is class conflict between the boss and labor fisherman. The interaction between the two is known as the patron-client relationship that has lasted for a long time and has prevent the coastal communities to become self-sustaining.

scholarly journals Assessing natural mortality of Bay of Biscay anchovy from survey population and biomass estimates

2016 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 216-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrés Uriarte ◽  
Leire Ibaibarriaga ◽  
Lionel Pawlowski ◽  
Jacques Massé ◽  
Pierre Petitgas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Egg Production ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Production Method ◽  
Natural Mortality ◽  
Bay Of Biscay ◽  
Stock Assessments ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Log Linear ◽  
Firm Evidence

The closure of the anchovy (Engraulis encrasicolus) fishery in the Bay of Biscay between 2005 and 2010 because of low biomass levels provided an opportunity to estimate natural mortality using data from egg (daily egg production method, DEPM) and acoustic surveys implemented for the assessment of this population since 1987. Assuming that natural mortality (M) is constant over time and that catchability in both surveys is equal for all ages, M could be estimated using log-linear models on the series of surveys of population numbers at age and seasonal integrated stock assessments. The analysis suggests M values of around 0.9 for a common natural mortality at all ages. However, we found firm evidence that natural mortality at ages 2 and older (M2+) is markedly higher than at age 1 (M1), which indicates senescent mortality, a possibility suggested a long time ago for this type of short-lived species.

scholarly journals Data Mining Classification Of Filing Credit Customers Without Collateral With K-Nearest Neighbor Algorithm (Case study: PT. BPR Diori Double)

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 204-210
Author(s):  
Jeprianto Sinaga ◽  
Bosker Sinaga
Keyword(s):  
Data Mining ◽  
Nearest Neighbor ◽  
K Nearest Neighbor ◽  
Nearest Neighbor Algorithm ◽  
Savings And Loans ◽  
Long Time ◽  
K Nearest Neighbor Algorithm ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Many

Unsecured loans are the community's choice for lending to banks that provide Reviews These services. PT. RB Diori Ganda is a regional private banking company that serves savings and loans and loans without collateral for the community. Submission of unsecured loans must go through an assessor team to process the analysis of the attributes that Affect the customer's classification so that credit can be approved, the which is then submitted to the commissioner for credit approval. But what if Reviews those who apply for credit on the same day in large amounts, of course this will the make the process of credit analysis and approval will take a long time. If it is seen from the many needs of the community to apply for loans without collateral, a classification application is needed, in order to Facilitate the work of the assessor team in the process of analyzing the attributes that Affect customer classification. To find out the classification of customers who apply for unsecured loans for using data mining with the K-Nearest Neighbor algorithm. The result of this research is the classification of problematic or non-performing customers for credit applications without collateral.

scholarly journals Hidden Error Variance Theory. Part II: An Instrument That Reveals Hidden Error Variance Distributions from Ensemble Forecasts and Observations

2013 ◽  
Vol 141 (5) ◽  
pp. 1469-1483 ◽  
Author(s):  
Craig H. Bishop ◽  
Elizabeth A. Satterfield ◽  
Kevin T. Shanley
Keyword(s):  
Forecast Error ◽  
Error Variance ◽  
True Error ◽  
Ensemble Forecasts ◽  
Optimal Weights ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Forecast Error Variance ◽  
Hidden Parameters ◽  
Variance Parameters ◽  
Using Data

Abstract In Part I of this study, a model of the distribution of true error variances given an ensemble variance is shown to be defined by six parameters that also determine the optimal weights for the static and flow-dependent parts of hybrid error variance models. Two of the six parameters (the climatological mean of forecast error variance and the climatological minimum of ensemble variance) are straightforward to estimate. The other four parameters are (i) the variance of the climatological distribution of the true conditional error variances, (ii) the climatological minimum of the true conditional error variance, (iii) the relative variance of the distribution of ensemble variances given a true conditional error variance, and (iv) the parameter that defines the mean response of the ensemble variances to changes in the true error variance. These parameters are hidden because they are defined in terms of condition-dependent forecast error variance, which is unobservable if the condition is not sufficiently repeatable. Here, a set of equations that enable these hidden parameters to be accurately estimated from a long time series of (observation minus forecast, ensemble variance) data pairs is presented. The accuracy of the equations is demonstrated in tests using data from long data assimilation cycles with differing model error variance parameters as well as synthetically generated data. This newfound ability to estimate these hidden parameters provides new tools for assessing the quality of ensemble forecasts, tuning hybrid error variance models, and postprocessing ensemble forecasts.

scholarly journals Theories, Techniques and the Formation of German Business Cycle Forecasts

2019 ◽  
Vol 239 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jörg Döpke ◽  
Ulrich Fritsche ◽  
Gabi Waldhof
Keyword(s):  
Business Cycle ◽  
Forecast Accuracy ◽  
Public Institutions ◽  
Dsge Models ◽  
Stable Relationship ◽  
New Information ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Using Data

Abstract We report results of a survey among active forecasters of the German business cycle. Using data for 82 respondents from 37 different institutions, we investigate what models and theories forecasters subscribe to and find that they are pronounced conservative in the sense that they overwhelmingly rely on methods and theories that have been well-established for a long time, while more recent approaches are relatively unimportant for the practice of business cycle forecasting. DSGE models are mostly used in public institutions. In line with findings in the literature there are tendencies of “leaning towards consensus” (especially for public institutions) and “sticky adjustment of forecasts” with regard to new information. A stable relationship between preferred theories and methods and forecast accuracy cannot be established.

scholarly journals Economic and Life Cycle Analysis of Passive and Active Monitoring of Ozone for Forest Protection

Environments ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 104
Author(s):  
Elisa Carrari ◽  
Alessandra De Marco ◽  
Andrea Laschi ◽  
Ovidiu Badea ◽  
Laurence Dalstein-Richier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Windows ◽  
Forest Monitoring ◽  
Active Monitoring ◽  
Forest Protection ◽  
Environmentally Sustainable ◽  
Evergreen Forests ◽  
Forest Sites ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Set Up

At forest sites, phytotoxic tropospheric ozone (O3) can be monitored with continuously operating, active monitors (AM) or passive, cumulative samplers (PM). For the first time, we present evidence that the sustainability of active monitoring is better than that of passive sensors, as the environmental, economic, and social costs are usually lower in the former than in the latter. By using data collected in the field, environmental, social, and economic costs were analyzed. The study considered monitoring sites at three distances from a control station in Italy (30, 400, and 750 km), two forest types (deciduous and Mediterranean evergreen), and three time windows (5, 10, and 20 years of monitoring). AM resulted in more convenience than PM, even after 5 years, in terms of O3 depletion, global warming, and photochemical O3 creation potential, suggesting that passive monitoring of ozone is not environmentally sustainable, especially for long time periods. AM led to savings ranging from a minimum of EUR 9650 in 5 years up to EUR 94,796 in 20 years in evergreen forests. The resulting social cost of PM was always higher than that of AM. The present evaluation will help in the decision process for the set-up of long-term forest monitoring sites dedicated to the protection of forests from O3.

scholarly journals Towards a more complete sample of binary central stars of planetary nebulae with Gaia

2021 ◽  
Vol 648 ◽  
pp. A95
Author(s):  
N. Chornay ◽  
N. A. Walton ◽  
D. Jones ◽  
H. M. J. Boffin ◽  
M. Rejkuba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Binary Systems ◽  
Large Fraction ◽  
Planetary Nebulae ◽  
Close Binary ◽  
Close Binaries ◽  
Photometric Variability ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Central Stars

Context. Many if not most planetary nebulae (PNe) are now thought to be the outcome of binary evolutionary scenarios. However, only a few percent of the PNe in the Milky Way are known to host binary systems. The high-precision repeated observing and long time baseline of Gaia make it well suited for detecting new close binaries through photometric variability. Aims. We aim to find new close binary central stars of PNe (CSPNe) using data from the Gaia mission, building towards a statistically significant sample of post-common envelope, close binary CSPNe. Methods. As the vast majority of Gaia sources do not have published epoch photometry, we used the uncertainty in the mean photometry as a proxy for determining the variability of our CSPN sample in the second Gaia data release. We derived a quantity that expresses the significance of the variability, and considered what is necessary to build a clean sample of genuine variable sources. Results. Our selection recovers a large fraction of the known close binary CSPN population, while other CSPNe lying in the same region of the parameter space represent a promising set of targets for ground-based confirmatory follow-up observations. Gaia epoch photometry for four of the newly identified variable sources confirms that the variability is genuine and consistent with binarity.

scholarly journals Web Tool for Estimating the Cancer Hazard Rates in Aging

2014 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. CIN.S19777 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tengiz Mdzinarishvili ◽  
Alexander Sherman ◽  
Oleg Shats ◽  
Simon Sherman
Keyword(s):  
Hazard Rates ◽  
Process Data ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Lung Cancers ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Usa ◽  
History Of ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Individual

A computational approach for estimating the overall, population, and individual cancer hazard rates was developed. The population rates characterize a risk of getting cancer of a specific site/type, occurring within an age-specific group of individuals from a specified population during a distinct time period. The individual rates characterize an analogous risk but only for the individuals susceptible to cancer. The approach uses a novel regularization and anchoring technique to solve an identifiability problem that occurs while determining the age, period, and cohort (APC) effects. These effects are used to estimate the overall rate, and to estimate the population and individual cancer hazard rates. To estimate the APC effects, as well as the population and individual rates, a new web-based computing tool, called the CancerHazard@Age , was developed. The tool uses data on the past and current history of cancer incidences collected during a long time period from the surveillance databases. The utility of the tool was demonstrated using data on the female lung cancers diagnosed during 1975–2009 in nine geographic areas within the USA. The developed tool can be applied equally well to process data on other cancer sites. The data obtained by this tool can be used to develop novel carcinogenic models and strategies for cancer prevention and treatment, as well as to project future cancer burden.

Deciphering the Solar Wind at Saturn

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wayne Gould ◽  
Licia Ray ◽  
Chris S. Arridge
Keyword(s):  
Solar Wind ◽  
Mutual Information ◽  
Information Gain ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Propagation Model ◽  
Outer Planets ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Solar Wind Parameters ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Relationship

<p>The effects of the solar wind on Saturn’s magnetosphere are poorly constrained as there are no consistent solar wind monitors upstream of the planet. This has limited previous studies of the solar wind’s influence on the Saturnian magnetosphere to case studies and time dependant analyses of intervals of the Cassini data. While useful and enlightening, these methods assume a priori, a relationship between the solar wind and magnetospheric driving or are biased due to their selection based on particular events detected within the magnetosphere.  </p> <p> </p> <p>Mutual information is a measure of information gain and is measured by the change in uncertainty, after the reception of an input variable in relation to a related output variable. The more mutual information in a system between two variables, the stronger the relationship between the two. We apply Mutual Information Theory to investigate the statistical relationship between solar wind parameters e.g. density, magnetic field strength, velocity, and magnetospheric driving. We consider the entire Cassini dataset, identifying intervals where the Tao et al. [2005] solar wind propagation model is valid. This robust statistical analysis determines magnetospheric proxies for the solar wind and, crucially, how much information these proxies provide about the state of the solar wind. Finding and confirming the relation of these indirect proxies to solar wind propagation models presents the opportunity to open long time scale data to interpretation with respect to the solar wind’s behaviour at the outer planets, using data from past missions. Initial results indicate that the direction of the IMF plays a stronger role in driving Saturn’s magnetosphere than previously thought and identifies potentially new solar wind parameters that effect Saturn’s magnetosphere. </p>

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