scholarly journals Linguistics in Africa: Introductory Note by the Editor

Africa ◽  
1939 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 265-266
Keyword(s):  
Present Condition ◽  
Lake Chad ◽  
African Languages ◽  
General Report ◽  
Linguistic Research ◽  
Introductory Note ◽  
Near Future

The present number of Africa is devoted to linguistic questions and deals with a number of tasks with which the Institute is concerned. The notes on the results achieved by the publication of the Short Guide to the Recording of African Languages bear on the survey and classification of African languages, and are related to the general report published in the January number of Africa, and at the same time to Dr. Lukas's article on the situation in the area lying between the Nile and Lake Chad. Dr. Lukas's contribution is the first of a series of articles in which it is intended to cover the whole of Negro Africa and to show in detail the present condition of linguistic research of the area dealt with in each article, the existing gaps in our knowledge, and the work to be undertaken in the near future; the articles will also help to classify the languages spoken in each area.

Classification of Cloud Systems Cyber-security Threats and Solutions Directives

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Hanane Bennasar ◽  
Mohammad Essaaidi ◽  
Ahmed Bendahmane ◽  
Jalel Benothmane
Keyword(s):  
Cloud Computing ◽  
Cyber Security ◽  
Data Security ◽  
Denial Of Service ◽  
Security Threats ◽  
Huge Number ◽  
Open Problems ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Near Future

Cloud computing cyber security is a subject that has been in top flight for a long period and even in near future. However, cloud computing permit to stock up a huge number of data in the cloud stockage, and allow the user to pay per utilization from anywhere via any terminal equipment. Among the major issues related to Cloud Computing security, we can mention data security, denial of service attacks, confidentiality, availability, and data integrity. This paper is dedicated to a taxonomic classification study of cloud computing cyber-security. With the main objective to identify the main challenges and issues in this field, the different approaches and solutions proposed to address them and the open problems that need to be addressed.

scholarly journals Genetic and epigenetic mechanisms in the development of congenital heart diseases

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. e000196
Author(s):  
Yue Wu ◽  
Xiaosi Jin ◽  
Yuhao Zhang ◽  
Jing Zheng ◽  
Rulai Yang
Keyword(s):  
Congenital Heart ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Gene Mutations ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Molecular Medicine ◽  
Epigenetic Mechanisms ◽  
Epigenetic Factors ◽  
Near Future

Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the most common of congenital cardiovascular malformations associated with birth defects, and it results in significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. The classification of CHD is still elusive owing to the complex pathogenesis of CHD. Advances in molecular medicine have revealed the genetic basis of some heart anomalies. Genes associated with CHD might be modulated by various epigenetic factors. Thus, the genetic and epigenetic factors are gradually accepted as important triggers in the pathogenesis of CHD. However, few literatures have comprehensively elaborated the genetic and epigenetic mechanisms of CHD. This review focuses on the etiology of CHD from genetics and epigenetics to discuss the role of these factors in the development of CHD. The interactions between genetic and epigenetic in the pathogenesis of CHD are also elaborated. Chromosome abnormalities and gene mutations in genetics, and DNA methylations, histone modifications and on-coding RNAs in epigenetics are summarized in detail. We hope the summative knowledge of these etiologies may be useful for improved diagnosis and further elucidation of CHD so that morbidity and mortality of children with CHD can be reduced in the near future.

scholarly journals A Classification of Landuse using time series analysis of Kota Tinggi District ,Johor Bahru, Malaysia.

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-63
Author(s):  
Alhaji Mustapha Isa
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Thematic Mapper ◽  
Present Condition ◽  
Landsat Images ◽  
The Past ◽  
Global Environmental ◽  
Multi Temporal ◽  
Ground Truthing ◽  
Confusion Matrices

Deforestation and climate change have become global environmental issues. The detection of forest changes in association with climate change can be successfully carried out by the use of multi-temporal remote sensing and modelling. This study undertook analysis of the past and present condition of the forest from the pattern changes of the Kota tinggi district johor state Malaysia, using landsat images of three different periods. These are thematic mapper (TM) data of 1998; enhanced thematic mapper (ETM+) image of 2008 and the operation land imager (OLI) of 2018 were collectively used. The images were geometrically and atmospherically pre-processed then classified, using maximum likelihood (M/C) algorithm to produce thematic land use/cover maps of the district. The accuracy of the classification was assessed through ground truthing and confusion matrices which revealed an accuracy of above 90% and kappa coefficient at 0.9 respectively.

scholarly journals Comparative analysis of damage to sewer rehabilitation coatings

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 00041
Author(s):  
Andrzej Kuliczkowski ◽  
Stanisław Nogaj
Keyword(s):  
Damage Assessment ◽  
Technical Condition ◽  
Classification Methods ◽  
Damage Classification ◽  
Reliable Assessment ◽  
Sewer Rehabilitation ◽  
Underground Infrastructure ◽  
Original Part ◽  
Near Future

Technologies for the trenchless rehabilitation of pipelines using various types of coatings have been used for almost half a century. Considering that the assumed life expectancy of such renewed pipelines is 50 years, it will be necessary to assess their technical condition in the near future. The aim of this article is to attempt to answer the question "Do existing damage classification methods allow for the full and reliable assessment of the sewers already renewed with rehabilitation coatings?". The scope of the article, and its original part, is to describe how the problem of damage assessment of rehabilitation coatings has been included in various methods of classification of underground infrastructure pipelines, and conducting a comparison that compares these methods in terms of the damages described. An interpretation of the results of the research on rehabilitation coatings operated in various time periods, starting from those recently applied to those operating for over 30 years, was also made. The result of the analysis is to present the differences and deficiencies in the damage classification methods discussed.

scholarly journals How organic is organic milk? Can we have a quick check?

NIR news ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 18-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saskia van Ruth ◽  
Ningjing Liu
Keyword(s):  
Smart Phones ◽  
Organic Milk ◽  
Organic Product ◽  
Near Future

The organic market is growing, and confidence is key. However, it is hard to distinguish an organic product from another regular product. In this article we examined a consumer NIRS-Vis device for its capabilities to distinguish organic retail milks from conventional milks. The study revealed differences between the two groups, allowing classification of samples, but these differences were not as distinct as those provided by other devices examined previously. Nevertheless, with some improvement of performance of this kind of devices and integration in smart phones, authentication of foods is within reach of citizens in the near future.

Recognition and Classification of Human Activity by Posture Sensing and Machine Learning

2012 ◽  
Vol 468-471 ◽  
pp. 2916-2919
Author(s):  
Fan Yang ◽  
Yu Chuan Wu
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Support Vector Machine ◽  
Human Activity ◽  
Learning Algorithm ◽  
Optimal Parameter ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Rbf Kernel ◽  
Human Activity Detection ◽  
Near Future

This paper describes how to use a posture sensor to validate human daily activity and by machine learning algorithm - Support Vector Machine (SVM) an outstanding model is built. The optimal parameter σ and c of RBF kernel SVM were obtained by searching automatically. Those kinematic data was carried out through three major steps: wavelet transformation, Principle Component Analysis (PCA) -based dimensionality reduction and k-fold cross-validation, followed by implementing a best classifier to distinguish 6 difference actions. As an activity classifier, the SVM (Support Vector Machine) algorithm is used, and we have achieved over 94.5% of mean accuracy in detecting differential actions. It shows that the verification approach based on the recognition of human activity detection is valuable and will be further explored in the near future.

scholarly journals Remote sensing appraisal of Lake Chad shrinkage connotes severe impacts on green economics and socio-economics of the catchment area

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (11) ◽  
pp. 171120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olapeju Y. Onamuti ◽  
Emmanuel C. Okogbue ◽  
Israel R. Orimoloye
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Catchment Area ◽  
Supervised Classification ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Land Use Land Cover ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Lake Chad ◽  
Border Communities

Lake Chad commonly serves as a major hub of fertile economic activities for the border communities and contributes immensely to the national growth of all the countries that form its boundaries. However, incessant and multi-decadal drying via climate change pose greater threats to this transnational water resource, and adverse effects on ecological sustainability and socio-economic status of the catchment area. Therefore, this study assessed the extent of shrinkage of Lake Chad using remote sensing. Landsat imageries of the lake and its surroundings between 1987 and 2005 were retrieved from Global Land Cover Facility website and analysed using Integrated Land and Water Information System version 3.3 (ILWIS 3.3). Supervised classification of area around the lake was performed into various land use/land cover classes, and the shrunk part of its environs was assessed based on the land cover changes. The shrinkage trend within the study period was also analysed. The lake water size reduced from 1339.018 to 130.686 km 2 (4.08–3.39%) in 1987–2005. The supervised classification of the Landsat imageries revealed an increase in portion of the lake covered by bare ground and sandy soil within the reference years (13 490.8–17 503.10 km 2 ) with 4.98% total range of increase. The lake portion intersected with vegetated ground and soil also reduced within the period (11 046.44–10 078.82 km 2 ) with 5.40% (967.62 km 2 ) total decrease. The shrunk part of the lake covered singly with vegetation increased by 2.74% from 1987 to 2005. The shrunk part of the lake reduced to sand and turbid water showed 5.62% total decrease from 1987 to 2005 and a total decrease of 1805.942 km 2 in area. The study disclosed an appalling rate of shrinkage and damaging influences on the hydrologic potential, eco-sustainability and socio-economics of the drainage area as revealed using ILWIS 3.3.

Dimensions of evaluation

2009 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 146-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika Bednarek
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Research ◽  
New Classification ◽  
Basic Emotions ◽  
The Past ◽  
Cognitive Studies ◽  
Linguistic Research ◽  
Evaluative Meaning ◽  
Diachronic Development ◽  
Appraisal Processes

In the past two decades or so, a number of researchers from various fields within linguistics have turned their attention to interpersonal phenomena, such as the linguistic expression of speaker opinion or evaluation (also called stance or appraisal), or the encoding of subjectivity in language and its diachronic development (subjectification/subjectivization). Many linguists have offered categorizations of evaluative meaning, based on authentic discourse data, but no connection has been made with cognitive approaches to appraisal processes. This paper offers a first meta-theoretical exploration of such issues. It compares dimensions of evaluation that have been identified in linguistic and cognitive studies, and also examines how psychological research into basic emotions can be related to linguistic research on affect. On the basis of these comparisons a proposal for a new classification of evaluative meanings is made. The focus of this paper is on only one aspect of the highly complex phenomenon of evaluation, namely potential evaluative dimensions, although other relevant issues will also be touched upon, including the pragmatics of evaluation (evaluation and context).

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