Artificial insemination of farmed red deer (Cervus elaphus)

1990 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 613-621 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. F. Fennessy ◽  
C. G. Mackintosh ◽  
G. H. Shackell
Keyword(s):  
Pregnancy Rate ◽  
Cervus Elaphus ◽  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Red Deer ◽  
Pregnancy Rates ◽  
Progesterone Treatment ◽  
Serum Gonadotropin ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Fixed Times ◽  
In Pregnancy

ABSTRACTSix experiments involving the artificial insemination (AI) of a total of 300 female red deer (hinds) with frozen-thawed red deer semen (collected by electro-ejaculation) were conducted over 3 years. Insemination took place at fixed times following various oestrous synchronization procedures using progesterone withdrawal and treatment with pregnant mare's serum gonadotropin (PMSG). In the 1st year, the experiments evaluated basic AI techniques in which pregnancy rates were 45% in 20 hinds receiving two inseminations per vaginam (PV) and 56% in 27 hinds inseminated by the laparoscopic intrauterine method (IU). In the 2nd year, the experiments involved comparisons of the progesterone regime, one or two PV inseminations, and the timing of a single PV insemination. There was no effect of replacement of the progesterone device after 9 days and withdrawal 3 days later compared with the use of one device for the whole period in two experiments. The pregnancy rate for a double PV insemination was significantly higher than for a single PV insemination (58 and 34%; P < 0·05) and there was also a small effect of timing of insemination relative to the synchronization treatment. In the 3rd year all hinds were inseminated by the IU method. The experiments involved a comparison of various times of AI following progesterone withdrawal and a comparison of the progesterone regime. The overall pregnancy rate for 63 hinds inseminated was 56% with no difference between three times of insemination (48, 52 and 55 h). In the second experiment, the difference in pregnancy rate between treatment with progesterone for 15 days and 12 days (44 and 72% for 18 hinds per group) was not significant, but the interaction between the length of progesterone treatment and insemination time was significant (P < 0·05), with the 12-day progesterone/55 h insemination giving a much higher pregnancy rate than the 15-day/55 h insemination (89 and 20% respectively). Although no experiments involved direct comparisons of the routes of insemination, overall pregnancy rates were 56% for IU, 53% for double PV and 35% for single PV inseminations.

scholarly journals 113 Influence of cattle stress response to restraint method on artificial insemination pregnancy rates

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 41-42
Author(s):  
Russell C Carrell ◽  
William B Smith ◽  
Lea A Kinman ◽  
Vitor R G Mercadante ◽  
David Roper
Keyword(s):  
Pregnancy Rate ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Physiological Stress ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Fixed Time ◽  
Pregnancy Rates ◽  
Restraint Mechanism ◽  
In Pregnancy

Abstract Activation of physiological stress responses have been associated with decreased pregnancy rates in beef cattle. Therefore, alternative cattle restraint methods have been developed to reduce this negative impact. However, little evidence exists comparing pregnancy outcomes of differing methods. Thus our objective was to determine if a difference was present in pregnancy rate to fixed-time artificial insemination in Bos taurus beef females when using a breeding box (b) versus a squeeze chute (c). Cows and heifers from two separate locations (Virginia Tech University, VT; and R.A. Brown Ranch, RAB) were exposed to FTAI protocols at location of origin while restrained in a squeeze chute (n = 169) or a breeding box (n = 162). Females were exposed to the 7 day Co-Sync + CIDR protocol pre-breeding. At day of breeding, females were randomly assigned to treatment. Immediately following breeding, blood was collected via coccygeal venipuncture for assessment of plasma cortisol concentration using an automated ELISA assay (Immulite 2000 XPi, Siemens). Chute and Exit Score (1–5) were assessed at the time of breeding by a trained technician at each location. Pregnancy was verified thirty days post-breeding via rectal ultrasonography. Pregnancy rate (PROC FREQ) and cortisol (PROC GLIMMIX) were analyzed using SAS version 9.4. Also, a Linear Regression Model (SAS version 9.4) was used to determine relationships between chute score, exit score, and cortisol. It was found that there was no difference in pregnancy rate between the breeding box and the squeeze chute (61.73% vs 64.71%, P = 0.31, respectively). Cortisol showed no difference between b and c (59.44±10.17 vs 58.61±10.16, P = 0.68, respectively). There was no linear relationship between cortisol, exit score, and chute score (P = 0.14). It can be concluded that stress responses are similar between the breeding box and squeeze chute. Therefore females will have similar pregnancy rates when exposed to FTAI in either restraint mechanism.

scholarly journals Comparative Study Between Different Methods of Insemination in Iraqi Does

2011 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-104
Author(s):  
HA . AL-Mutar
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Pregnancy Rate ◽  
Breeding Season ◽  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Fixed Time ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
Pregnant Mare Serum Gonadotropin ◽  
Abdominal Palpation ◽  
Serum Gonadotropin ◽  
In Pregnancy

Present experimental was carried out on 22 does 2-4 years old. The aim was to induction of estrous in non-breeding season using impregnated sponge with 20 mg of medroxy progesterone acetate (MPA) for 13 days and with an i/m injection of 500 IU Pregnant Mare Serum Gonadotropin (PMSG) hormone 24 hrs before sponge withdrawal and to compare the pregnancy rate using three different methods of insemination; natural , cervical and laparoscopic artificial insemination at fixed time 24-48 hrs after estrous onset. All does were showed signs of estrous (100%), the estrous time was 46.9±4.90hrs (24-60hrs) after sponge withdrawal. While estrous length was 37.09±1.91 (24–72hrs). All experimental animals followed up by abdominal palpation, ultrasonography at 30, 60 and 90 days post-insemination, while the laparoscopic examination was performed at day 30 post-insemination, to improve the efficiently of the different methods of inseminations in pregnancy rate ultrasonographical diagnosed by rectal and abdominal methods of 14 does post-inseminations appeared that two were pregnant, seven suspected and five non pregnant. At day 60th , post-insemination the pregnancy diagnosis of (22) does appeared that (14) were pregnant, six suspected and two non pregnant. While at day 90, the examination of all does appeared that (16) animals were pregnant and six were not. The laparoscopic examination, at 30 days post-insemination showed that eight does were pregnant, two suspected and two were not pregnant. In conclusion that the pregnancy rate of laparoscopic insemination is (75%), comparisons to natural (66.7%) and cervical AI method (75%) but there is no significant different between them, while the kidding percentage was appear in natural insemination (75%), cervical (100%) and laparoscopic insemination (150%). The results of this study indicate that estrus can be efficiently induced in female goats during non-breeding season using 20mg MPA impregnated spongewith 500IU PMSG.

scholarly journals UJI BERBAGAI ALAT DETEKSI BIRAHI TERHADAP ANGKA KEBUNTINGAN PADA SAPI PERAH DI KOPERASI TUNAS SETIA BARU KABUPATEN PASURUAN

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 156
Author(s):  
Silvia Rani Andriyanti ◽  
Mas’ud Hariadi ◽  
Roesno Darsono ◽  
Pudji Srianto ◽  
Wurlina Wurlina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnancy Rate ◽  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Control Sample ◽  
Pregnancy Rates ◽  
Anova Test ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Detection Tool ◽  
Estrus Detection ◽  
In Pregnancy

This research aims to determine the use of various estrus detection devices before artificial insemination as measured by pregnancy rate. The researcher used a sample of 60 cows were used in this research which is divided into four groups as a control and treatment groups (Thermopin®, Hauptner and Draminski groups), and each cow was detected for the sign of estrus by three devices that were Thermopin®, Hauptner and Draminski prion when doing an artificial insemination. The cows were observed to 45 days after artificial insemination for observing pregnancy. This research method is the exploration scope to prove the effect of various estrus detection tool against pregnancy rates. The result of ANOVA test, there is the effect of using a various estrus detection devices against pregnancy rates. Samples tested by Draminski with average (1.53±0.51) resulted in a 53,3% pregnancy rate, the samples were tested with Hauptner with average (1.67±0,48) resulted in pregnancy rate 66,7%. Without treatment or control, sample with an average of (1.67±0,48) resulted in a  73,3% pregnancy rate. While samples were tested with Thermopin® with average (2.00±0,00) resulted in a 100% pregnancy rate. In conclusion, Thermopin® the best detection tool than other estrus detection devices.

13 USE OF EQUINE CHORIONIC GONADOTROPIN OR FOLLICLE-STIMULATING HORMONE-LUTEINIZING HORMONE AT IMPLANT REMOVAL OR AT FIXED-TIME ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION TIME IN PREGNANCY RATE OF SUCKLED NELLORE COWS

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 99
Keyword(s):  
Pregnancy Rate ◽  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Bos Indicus ◽  
Prostaglandin F2α ◽  
Fixed Time ◽  
Pregnancy Rates ◽  
Implant Removal ◽  
Transrectal Ultrasonography ◽  
Follicular Growth ◽  
The Difference

Use of eCG as an inducer of follicular growth has improved the efficacy of fixed-time artificial insemination (FTAI) protocols and increased the ovulatory responses and pregnancy rates in beef cattle with low body condition scores (BCS) or are recently postpartum and anestrous. However, there are other gonadotropins such as FSH in different commercial applications (Pluset® – FSH : LH proportion ~50.0%) that could be potentially used to increase follicular growth but with controversial results. The goal of this trial was to evaluate the effects of replacing eCG with FSH/LH in two moments on the pregnancy rates (PR) of lactating Bos indicus cows raised in native grassland at Pantanal. The cows were subjected to a synchronization-of-ovulation protocol and FTAI based on progesterone, oestradiol benzoate (EB), and prostaglandin F2α. On Day 0, Nellore multiparous cows (n = 352) at 42 days postpartum with BCS = 4.9 (1–9) were evaluated by transrectal ultrasonography and received progesterone implant (DIB 1.0 g of progesterone) plus 2 mg of EB IM. Devices were removed and prostaglandin F2α was injected on Day 8 with 1 mg of EB. At the time of implant removal, the animals received T1 – 1 mL of saline solution IM (control; n = 80); T2 – 300 IU IM of eCG (Novormon®; ECG; n = 92); T3 – 40 IU IM of FSH/LH (Pluset®; Pluset; n = 98). The T4-group cows received 40 IU IM of FSH/LH (Pluset®) at FTAI time (Pluset-FTAI; n = 82); cows were timed-AI on Day 10 (44–48 h after implant removal) and evaluated by transrectal ultrasonography to measure the preovulatory follicle (POF) at FTAI and to estimate the pregnancy rate on Day 45. The effects of the treatment, sire, and BCS on pregnancy rate were evaluated using PROC GLIMMIX (SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC). Because there was no difference between BCS, sire, and PR, they were removed from model. Pregnancy rate was not different between the treatment groups (control: 38.70%; ECG: 51.08%; Pluset: 45.91%, and Pluset-FTAI: 39.02%; P > 0.05), but the difference was found in POF, higher in ECG group – 13.53 mm compared with others (Pluset: 12.79 mm; control: 11.73 mm, and Pluset-FTAI: 12.01 mm; P < 0.05). Although PR was not different between treatments, the data are in agreement with the size of POF, where the largest POF are associated with tendency of higher pregnancy rates in ECG group. In conclusion, commercial FSH solution does not provide increases in PR, and eCG increases the preovulatory follicles in Nellore cows with a low-moderate BCS submitted to a progesterone-based FTAI protocol with EB at implant removal.

scholarly journals The Effect of A PRID®Delta-Based Estrus Synchronization Protocol On Pregnancy Rates In Cows With No Estrus Symptoms

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Murat Can Demir ◽  
Cihan Kaçar ◽  
Umut Çağın Arı ◽  
Semra Kaya ◽  
Oğuz Merhan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnancy Rate ◽  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Prostaglandin F2α ◽  
Pregnancy Rates ◽  
Dominant Follicle ◽  
Serum Progesterone ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Follicle Diameter ◽  
Follicle Size ◽  
Equine Chorionic Gonadotropin

Abstract The present study aimed to determine the effects of progesterone-based gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α), and equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG) injections on progesterone profiles and pregnancy rates in cows with no estrus symptoms within 60 days after parturition. A total of 80 cows were included in the study. All animals had the progesterone-releasing device PRID®Delta placed intravaginally for nine days with an injection of GnRH. On the eighth day, PGF2α was injected, and PRID®Delta was removed from the vagina on day nine. Artificial insemination was carried out 60 hours after PRID®Delta removal. In half of the animals (n = 40), 600 IU of eCG was injected when PRID®Delta was removed on the ninth day before artificial insemination 60 hours later. Blood samples were taken from the tail vein on days 0 and 8 to determine progesterone levels. The pregnancy rate in the group that received eCG was 37.5%, while it was 27.5% in those that did not (P = 0.4). While the dominant follicle diameter was 15.5 mm in cows injected with eCG during timed artificial insemination, the follicle diameter was 12.4 mm in cows with no eCG injection (P <0.001). There were no differences in serum progesterone values in blood samples taken until the time of artificial insemination. However, progesterone values in the blood taken during artificial insemination were 0.94 ng/ml in the eCG- group and 0.72 ng/ml in the eCG+ group (P <0.05). As a result, it was determined that eCG injections, in addition to progesterone-based GnRH and PGF2α applications, increased the pregnancy rates in cows without symptoms of estrus. The dominant follicle diameter was larger in cows treated with eCG during artificial insemination; however, follicle size did not increase the pregnancy rate.

scholarly journals Effect of progesterone, human chorionic gonadotropin and progesterone + human chorionic gonadotropin treatment on conception rates in repeat breeder cows

2020 ◽  
Vol 89 (4) ◽  
pp. 307-315
Author(s):  
Hasan Alkan ◽  
Huseyin Erdem
Keyword(s):  
Pregnancy Rate ◽  
Chorionic Gonadotropin ◽  
Human Chorionic Gonadotropin ◽  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Fixed Time ◽  
Pregnancy Rates ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Prostaglandin F ◽  
Repeat Breeder ◽  
Group 1

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of hormonal support on the pregnancy rate in repeat breeder cows. Prostaglandin F2α + Ovsynch oestrus synchronization protocol was applied to the cows. Following the fixed time insemination (day 0), the cows were divided into 4 groups. In Group 1 (n = 42), progesterone releasing intravaginal device (PRID) was placed vaginally at 84 h and removed on the 9th day after the artificial insemination. In Group 2 (n = 40), the cows were administered human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) on the 7th day. Group 3 (n = 45) was applied a combination of progesterone and hCG. Group 4 (n = 42) was not given any treatment. Blood samples were collected from all cows 4 times on days 3.5, 7, 12, and 18 to evaluate progesterone concentrations. The pregnancy rates were 40.47%, 37.50%, 44.44%, and 30.95% in Group 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively (P > 0.05). In addition, in cows with progesterone concentrations <2 ng/ml on day 3.5, the pregnancy rates were found to be lower than in the cows with progesterone concentrations >2 ng/ml in Group 4 (P < 0.05). Progesterone supplementation in cows with progesterone concentrations < 2 ng/ml appeared to increase pregnancy rates (P < 0.05) in Groups 1 and 3. As a result, post-insemination hormonal applications in the repeat breeder cows did not increase the pregnancy rate. However, it was concluded that determination of progesterone concentrations on day 3.5 following artificial insemination and then hormonal support in the cows with low concentrations would increased the pregnancy rate.

The influence of purified porcine relaxin on the reproductive performance of sows following artificial insemination with fresh or frozen semen

1991 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 237-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. A. Thacker ◽  
A. D. Gooneratne ◽  
R. N. Kirkwood
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Pregnancy Rate ◽  
Litter Size ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Pregnancy Rates ◽  
Frozen Semen

Pregnancy rates and litter sizes following insemination of sows with fresh-extended and frozen-thawed semen averaged 71 vs. 53% and 10.6 vs. 4.4, respectively, and was not affected by the addition of 12.5 μg relaxin to semen. These results indicate no relaxin mediated effect on either pregnancy rate or litter size when sows are artificially inseminated with relaxin-supplemented semen. Key words: Artificial insemination, relaxin, sows

10 Pregnancy rates following artificial insemination or embryo transfer in lactating Holstein cows

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 130
Author(s):  
M. Oliveira ◽  
R. Santos ◽  
R. Chebel ◽  
D. Demetrio
Keyword(s):  
Embryo Transfer ◽  
Embryo Development ◽  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Early Embryo ◽  
Pregnancy Rates ◽  
Holstein Cows ◽  
Genetic Merit ◽  
Excessive Heat ◽  
The Difference ◽  
June July

Excessive heat affects the fertility of high production lactating cows, and reduced pregnancy rates (PR) are observed during summer and early fall. Embryo production programs are used to produce more calves from high genetic merit animals, but could it also increase fertility by bypassing all the negative variables affecting the embryo development before Day 7 (oocyte development, ovulation, fertilization, early embryo development)? The data from AIs and embryo transfers (ET) between June 2017 and May 2019 were analysed. June, July, August, September, and October were called critical months (first-service AI conception rate dropped below 44%). The cows were located at Maddox Dairy in Riverdale, CA, USA, a Holstein herd that milks 3500 cows with a 305-day mature-equivalent milk production of 12 800 kg. First- and second-lactation cows were enrolled in a Presynch-Ovsynch oestrus-synchronization program and scheduled for the first AI at 86 days after calving or to receive an embryo 7 or 8 days after the expected heat. The embryos were produced invivo or invitro from Holstein donors and were transferred fresh or frozen. Blood was sampled on Day 30 after expected heat day (23 days after embryo transfer), and pregnancy was detected by the IDEXX PAG Bovine Pregnancy Test. Table 1 summarises the results, where ET PR% is the number of pregnant cows divided by the number of cows that received and embryo. All the cows synchronized for AI were bred, but only cows with the presence of a corpus luteum (CL) on ET day received an embryo. The presence of a CL was not detected in 28.7% (471/1642) of the cows (32.2% in the critical months and 25.7% in the others). Unfortunately, we could not detect the presence of a CL by ultrasonography every time we transferred embryos, so the nonovulation rate might be overestimated. The cows without a CL were considered open and used to calculate the adjusted PR (AdjPR%). Embryo transfer PR is superior to that of AI, especially during the critical months. Fresh invivo embryos have the most impact. When the cows without CLs are considered open, the difference between AI and ET is still evident for fresh invivo embryos. Besides producing animals with higher genetic merit, depending on the type of embryo used, ET can increase fertility in lactating Holstein cows, especially during the critical months. The other benefit of using ET is that cows that do not ovulate are synchronized right away, which is not the case for AI cows. Table 1.AI×embryo transfer in lactating Holstein cows1 from June 2017 to May 20192 Item Critical months (June to October) Other months (November to May) All year %PR n Adj PR% n %PR n Adj PR% n %PR n Adj PR% n Artificial insemination 41.2% 896 41.2% 896 47.7% 1767 47.7% 1767 45.5% 2663 2663 Fresh invivo embryo 62.7% 373 47.5% 493 69.5% 262 55.3% 329 65.5% 635 50.6% 822 Frozen invivo embryo 59.3% 221 44.8% 292 59.4% 256 47.3% 322 59.3% 477 46.1% 614 IVF fresh embryo 47.9% 167 36.2% 221 54.0% 363 43.0% 456 52.1% 530 40.8% 677 Total embryos 58.5% 761 44.2% 1006 60.2% 881 47.9% 1107 59.4% 1642 46.1% 2113 1Lactating Holstein cows, first and second lactation, first service, Presynch-Ovsynch, 85 DIM. 2PR%=the number of pregnant cows divided by the number of cows that received and embryo; AdjPR%=adjusted pregnancy rate.

scholarly journals RELATIONSHIP OF ELECTRICAL RESISTANCE OF VAGINAL MUCUS DURING OESTRUS WITH POST-AI PREGNANCY IN COWS

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Ahmed ◽  
M. K. Chowdhury ◽  
M. M. Rahman ◽  
J. Bhattacharjee ◽  
M. M. U. Bhuiyan
Keyword(s):  
Pregnancy Rate ◽  
Electrical Resistance ◽  
Genital Tract ◽  
Conception Rate ◽  
Heat Detector ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Rectal Palpation ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
In Pregnancy

Accurate detection of oestrus is a common problem for farmers to do AI timely resulting in conception failure in cows. The objective of the present study was to know the electrical resistance of vaginal mucus (ERVM) during oestrus to determine the best time of AI for improvement of conception in cattle. A total of 28 cows were inseminated with frozen thawed semen after detection of ERVM with Draminski estrus detector at Kendua Upazila Livestock Office under Netrakona district of Bangladesh. Pregnancy was diagnosed by per rectal palpation of genital tract 8-10 weeks after insemination. The mean ERVM in pregnant cows was 208.5 ± 31.2 Ω (163.3 to 263.3 Ω) and the ERVM in non-pregnant cows was 214.4 ± 36.6 Ω (153.3 to 280.0 Ω). Moreover, the pregnancy rate was higher in cows (80.0 to 83.3%) when ERVM during oestrus varied from 150 to 220 Ω than that of 221 to 280 Ω counterpart (36.4%). The difference in pregnancy rates between groups was significant (P<0.05). The present study indicates that Dramniski electrical heat detector may be used for prediction of time for AI in cows of Bangladesh. Up to 220 Ω ERVM during oestrus is better for higher conception rate than that of more than 220 Ω counterparts. Further studies with high number of inseminated cows should be conducted before wide application of this electrical heat detector under field conditions in Bangladesh.

RESULT OF ADVANCED TECHNIQUES FOR ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION IN EWES WITH FROZEN-THAWED SEMEN

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 43-47
Author(s):  
P Myagmarsuren ◽  
U Myagmardulam ◽  
Ts Haliunaa
Keyword(s):  
Pregnancy Rate ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Intrauterine Insemination ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Pregnancy Rates ◽  
Luminal Diameter ◽  
Physical Size ◽  
Domestic Species ◽  
Breeding Station

In all domestic species, acceptable pregnancy rate with frozen-thawed semen is 20-30% through simply cervical and vaginal insemination. Researchers have proved that achievable high results can be expected only from intrauterine insemination in ewes. Unlike the cow, and goat, the cervix of ewes is a formidable barrier to penetrate for transcervical intrauterine insemination. It is not only due to the physical size of the canal and a narrow luminal diameter (even at estrus), but also due to its caudally facing eccentric series of four to eight funnel-like rings. The major aim of this study was to evaluate a comparison of transcervical and laparoscopic intrauterine artificial insemination techniques with frozen –thawed semen on the reproductive performance of ewes.58ewes of 3-4 years of age, so called Altanbulag subspecies of breed were selected and equally divided into 2 groups for the AI methods from October 15-20, 2013 in the breeding station of Research Institute of Animal Husbandry in Hongor sum, Darhan uul province. The estrus was synchronized with EAZI-BREED TMCIDR in which the progesterone content was 0.3 g. After 12 days, the CIDR were removed, PMSG of 400 and 200 IU were administrated intramuscularly per ewe. The total success of synchronization rate was 93.3%. The results has shown the possibilities of laparoscopic and transcervical AI techniques in 55.17%, 41.37% (p>0.05) of pregnancy rates respectively, with frozen-thawed semen in ewes by ultrasonography diagnosis.Mongolian Journal of Agricultural Sciences Vol.13(2) 2014: 43-47

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