Feeding dried poultry waste for intensive beef production

1974 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 211-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Oliphant
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Content ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Poultry Manure ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Poultry Waste ◽  
Beef Production ◽  
Alternative Source ◽  
Considerable Saving ◽  
Cost Of Production ◽  
The Cost

SUMMARYDried poultry waste was substituted for soya and fish meals in an intensive beef ration to ascertain if it was a satisfactory alternative source of nitrogen and in an attempt to reduce the cost of production. The experiment was conducted over 3 years in each of which groups of autumn-born British Friesian male castrates were taken from 150 kg live weight to slaughter at 400 kg on various rations. The treatment rations were made isonitrogenous with the control (14·5% crude protein). When the crude protein of the poultry manure was low (24%) it was necessary to include 27·6% in the diet and poor performances resulted. For manures of 30 % crude protein, or when urea was added to equalize the nitrogen content of diets containing up to 17·5% manure, performance was not markedly different from that shown with control diets. There was a considerable saving in the food cost at the prices ruling when the experiment was conducted and it was concluded that the use of dried poultry manure could increase the profitability of intensively produced beef.

A note on the effects of changing the concentration of protein in the diet offered to fattening beef cattle

1973 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 205-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Kay ◽  
A. Macdearmid
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Dietary Supplements ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Considerable Saving

SUMMARYTwo growth trials were carried out with a total of 112 British Friesian steers to examine the effects of offering all-concentrate diets containing different concentrations of crude protein. In Experiment 1 the steers were offered a diet containing either 17·5 % (H), 14·5 % (M) or 11·5 % (L) crude protein in the dry matter from 100 to 250 kg live weight and changed to diet M, L or one containing 9·5% crude protein in the dry matter (VL) between 250 kg and slaughter, so that the protein content of the diet offered to each steer was lowered by between 2 % and 3 % at 250 kg. In Experiment 2 the diets used were H and M between 100 and 250 kg and M and L between 250 kg and slaughter. Some steers in Experiment 2 were offered the same diet (M) throughout the experiment. Steers offered diet L between 100 and 250 kg ate less feed than steers given diet H and grew at a slower rate than steers given either diet H or M. Those steers given diet VL between 250 and 350 kg grew more slowly than those given diet M or L. For most steers a considerable saving in supplementary protein could be achieved by adopting an ML sequence rather than an HM or MM sequence when formulating dietary supplements.

scholarly journals ​Productive Performance and Economics of Broiler Chicken Fed Heat Treated Sheep Manure based Diets Supplemented with Enzyme

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.U. Sheikh ◽  
M.T. Banday ◽  
A.A. Khan ◽  
S. Adil ◽  
I.A. Baba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Broiler Chicken ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Poultry Production ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Sheep Manure ◽  
Cost Of Production ◽  
The Cost

Background: Feed is the single largest input which accounts for 60-70% of the total cost of poultry production. Sheep manure is an unconventional feed relatively high in protein and energy levels and can be used in poultry diet to reduce the cost of production. Inclusion of exogenous enzymes will improve its nutritional value as it contains relatively high fibre and utilization by birds. The performance of broiler chicken fed with heat treated sheep manure (HSM) based diets supplement with or without enzyme was studied. Methods: 210 broiler chicks were randomly distributed to five groups viz. T1 (Control), T2: 5% HSM without enzyme, T3: 5% HSM with enzyme, T4: 10% HSM without enzyme and T5: 10% HSM with enzyme containing 42 chicks in each group having three replicates of 14 chicks each. Result: The chemical composition of HSM like Dry matter, Organic matter, Crude protein, Ether extract, Crude fibre, Total ash, NFE, Calcium and Phosphorus were estimated as 90.15±1.85, 71.88±1.62, 15.24±1.23, 4.22±0.86, 17.09±0.92, 28.12±1.32, 35.33±1.28, 1.15±0.08 and 0.48±0.03%. The ME (Kcal/kg) was 1565.33. The final body weight at 6 weeks of age was highest in T3 (1998.25±13.29g) and lowest in T4 (1949.22± 15.14 g). The cumulative feed conversion ratio ranged between 1.79 ± 0.083 in T1 to 1.83 ± 0.078 in T4. The cost of production per kg live weight was highest (Rs. 89.78) in T1 and lowest (Rs. 83.76) in T5 group. The benefit cost ratio was 1.14, 1.17, 1.19, 1.20 and 1.22 for T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5 groups respectively.

scholarly journals Influence of timing and duration of feed restriction on growth and economic performance of finisher broiler chickens

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (55) ◽  
pp. 6976-6986
Author(s):  
OA Makinde ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Feed Intake ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Feed Restriction ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Cost Of Production

The study investigated different feed restriction programs during an 8-week broiler chicken growing cycle as a management strategy for reducing cost of production. Initially, 90 Hubbard day-old chicks fed ad libitum a commercial starter feed supplying 24% crude protein and 3000 kcal of ME/kg for 4 weeks. Thereafter, they were randomly allotted to five different feed restriction programs (R0, R5, R56, R67 and R57) utilizing finisher diets supplying 19% crude protein and 2850 kcal of ME/kg from 5-8 weeks. Each program had three replicates and six birds per replicate. Unrestricted (R0) was the control where birds fed ad libitum. In R5, birds were restricted the 5th week; R56, 5th and 6th weeks; R67, 6th and 7th weeks, and R57, 5th and 7th weeks. However, all the feed-restricted birds fed ad libitum in the 8th week. Feed restriction involved feeding one-third feed intake of R0 birds starting from 14.00 to 18.00 h daily and performance parameters recorded. Feed restriction negatively affected growth performance as the severity of restriction increased. Final body weight, carcass weight, average daily gain and average daily feed intake were similar (P>0.05) for R0 and R5 but higher than R56, R67 and R57. However, feed restriction did not significantly affect (P>0.05) carcass and breast yields or feed conversion ratio except for R67, the least (P<0.05) feed efficient. Feed cost, cost of production and revenue declined as the period of restriction increased. However, profit or profit/kg live weight, economic efficiency (EE) of feed and relative EE of feed were highest for R0 followed by R5, R56, R57 and R67 in that order. Generally, birds restricted for 1 week performed better than those restricted for 2 weeks and birds restricted continuously for 2 weeks before the last week of re-alimentation and slaughter were inferior to others. These results suggest that the duration and timing of feed restriction can reduce cost in broiler meat production without seriously affecting performance or economics of production depending on the restriction program applied.

Intensive beef production. 12. Replacement of concentrates with chopped dried grass

1971 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Kay ◽  
R. Massie ◽  
A. MacDearmid
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
The Other ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Beef Production ◽  
Live Weight Gain ◽  
Growth Trial

SUMMARY1. A growth trial was carried out using 24 British Friesian steers given diets containing (1) 100%, (2) 60%, (3) 40% and (4) 0% concentrates and chopped dried grass up to 100%.2. Daily dry-matter intake was significantly lower for steers on Treatment 1 than for steers on the other three treatments.3. Rate of live-weight gain declined from 1·18 to 0·88 kg/day and carcass gain from 625 to 430 g/day between steers on Treatments 1 and 4.4. Killing-out percentage dropped from 55·3% (1) to 51·9% (4) and the 8th-10th rib from steers on Treatments 3 and 4 contained significantly more crude protein and less ether-extractable matter than ribs from steers on Treatments 1 and 2.

scholarly journals Feeding strategies for improving ruminant productivity in the post-COVID 19 pandemic era particularly for small holders

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-94
Author(s):  
Dennis P. Poppi ◽  
Kusmartono Kusmartono ◽  
Kasmyati Kasmyati ◽  
Simon P Quigley ◽  
Karen J Harper
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Feeding Strategies ◽  
Feed Resources ◽  
Local Fluctuations ◽  
Small Holders ◽  
Funded Project ◽  
Metabolisable Energy ◽  
The Cost ◽  
By Products

COVID-19 has highlighted the need for robust cattle supply chains using local feed resources. Higher Income Over Food Costs (IOFC) are usually achieved when live weight gains are high and the cost of the ingredients are low. There is a need to formulate rations with high metabolisable energy (ME) and crude protein (CP) to achieve the high live weight gain. Rations can be formulated locally by farmer co-operatives, entrepreneurs and local commercial enterprises to take advantage of cheaper prices for local ingredients. To do this, rations need to be altered quickly to take advantage of local fluctuations in prices and availability of ingredients. A recent ACIAR funded project has developed a least cost ration (ACIAR LCR) system to formulate rations to meet minimum ME and CP contents for beef cattle using locally available ingredients. The use of cassava and its various products in combination with protein sources, such as tree legumes and high protein by-products, have markedly improved IOFC.

scholarly journals DEPENDENCE OF BEEF CATTLE BODY CONDITION ON ALIVE WEIGHT AND ITS ADJUSTMENT BY FEEDING LEVEL

2018 ◽  
pp. 19-26
Author(s):  
Исмагиль Хакимов ◽  
Ismagil Khakimov ◽  
Ринат Мударисов ◽  
Rinat Mudarisov ◽  
Александр Акимов ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Condition ◽  
Economic Efficiency ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Beef Production ◽  
Feeding Level ◽  
Hereford Cattle ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
Cow Calf ◽  
The Cost

The purpose of the research is to increase the economic efficiency of beef production by the system of cow – calf by adjusting the feeding taking into account the point assessment of fatness of meat cows. For the effective production of beef is not enough to have highly productive animals and high quality feed. It is necessary to organize their rational use of feed. In technological groups animals have different live weight, and norms of feeding of meat cattle are calculated, generally, depending on live weight of animals. This is the wrong approach, because in the group (in the herd) animals can have the same living mass and have different energy requirements depending on the state of fatness. Adjusting the level of feeding depending on the fatness of animals will save expensive feed, as in the structure of the cost of beef a large share of the cost falls on feed (about 60%). In the course of the research, a high positive relationship between the live mass and the point assessment of the cows fatness (r=0.93 for Hereford and r= 0.95 for the Kazakh white-headed breed) was established, which allowed to determine the regression coefficients between the features. It is found that increasing body condition by 1 point increases the live weight of Hereford cattle 40.4 kg and in cows of Kazakh white-headed breed of 48.1 kg. This allowed us to determine the required changes in the feeding level for 90-100 days prior to calving to increase for cows with a body condition score of 1 by 3.02; 2 points – 2.67 to 3.02; 3 points on 1.70-2.55; 4 points at 1.32-1.70; 5-6 points to 0.85-0.91 EKE, for cows with a body condition score of 8 to reduce the level of feeding of 0.47-0.85 and EKE with fatness 9 points lower on 0,85-1,70 ECE. Thus, studies show that the organization of feeding depending on the condition, is a necessary tool for achieving economic efficiency of beef production on the system cow-calf.

scholarly journals Performance of Holstein heifers fed sugarcane silages treated with urea, sodium benzoate or Lactobacillus buchneri

2006 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 649-654 ◽  
Author(s):  
André de Faria Pedroso ◽  
Luiz Gustavo Nussio ◽  
Waldomiro Barioni Júnior ◽  
Armando de Andrade Rodrigues ◽  
Daniele Rebouças Santana Loures ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Sodium Benzoate ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Lactobacillus Buchneri ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Daily Gain

The objective of this work was to evaluate the performance of heifers fed sugarcane silages produced with and without additives. Thirty-two Holstein heifers were randomly assigned, in a block design, to evaluate rations (46% silage; 54% concentrate; 12% crude protein) containing silages treated with (fresh basis) urea (0.5%), sodium benzoate (0.1%) or Lactobacillus buchneri (3.64x10(5) cfu g-1 ). Inoculation with L. buchneri improved daily gain (1.24 vs. 0.94 kg day-1 ), and the addition of benzoate resulted in better feed conversion (7.6 vs. 9.4 kg of dry matter per kg of live weight), in relation to the untreated silage (control). Treatments did not affect dry matter intake (mean of 2.19% of live weight). Rations containing silages treated with benzoate or L. buchneri showed lower cost per kg of weight gain. Treatment with urea did not improve animal performance, but the cost per kg of weight gain was lower than that of the control ration.

COMPARISON BETWEEN BODY WEIGHT AND PRICES OF EWES IN ZARIA AREA

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-75
Author(s):  
S. B. Oladele ◽  
A. Fayomi ◽  
J. O. Ayo ◽  
E. A. Haruna ◽  
G. O. Ogeneyi
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Cost Of Production ◽  
The Cost

A total of 83 non-pregnant Yankasa ewes were weighed in five markets located in and around Zaria, Ahmadu Bello University (ABU) with the aim of determining the mean body weight, price per head and price per kg of live weight. Ewe sold in ABU farm had the highest live weight of 44.56±2.58kg, while those sold in Kano road market were the lightest with live weight of 37.72±1.07k. Ewe sold in Zaria city market at the price of N4716.56±272.22 per head were most expensive. The cheapest ewes were sold N4,121.82±160.25 in Kano road market. The most expensive price of ewes per kg was N9.04±1.97, in Shika market, while the cheapest price per kg was, N104.40±2.27, in ABU farm. Prices of ewe per head and kg were not different (P>0.05) from one another, except for Kano road market where the price per head was significantly lower than that of Shika market. It was concluded that ewes were heaviest and their price per kg live weight was cheapest in the market of ABU farm, where the management was apparently the best of all the five location and the cost of production the lowest.

Dried Poultry Manure as a Nitrogen Supplement for Young Cattle on Winter Grazing.

1987 ◽  
Vol 1987 ◽  
pp. 65-65
Author(s):  
T. Smith ◽  
S. Sibanda ◽  
C.R. de Souza ◽  
C. Chakanyuka ◽  
R.M. Chihora
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Compensatory Growth ◽  
Poultry Manure ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Feeding Trial ◽  
Mineral Supplement ◽  
Winter Grazing ◽  
Young Cattle ◽  
Ad Libitum

A feeding trial with young cattle, supported by measurements of digestibility and intake in lambs, was carried out to compare dried poultry manure (DPM) with cottonseed meal (CSM) or a urea maize mix (UM) as supplements to unimproved dry season grazing.Eighty Mashona steers, aged 9 months, initial live-weight 157 kg, were divided into eight groups, one of which was used as an initial slaughter group. The remainder were grazed by day and penned overnight (119 days). Whilst in the pens they received either no supplement (C) or DPM; CSM; UM; DPM + CSM; CSM + CSM; UM + CSM. The single supplements contained 150g crude protein and the double supplements 250 g crude protein per day. All animals were offered a mineral supplement and water was available during the day. At the end of the dry season half of the animals from each group were slaughtered and half retained to measure compensatory growth.Twelve lambs housed in crates each received one of the treatments (C, DPM, CSM, UM) with veld hay ad libitum (CP 2.5%) to measure digestibility and intake.

scholarly journals Fattening of Young Beef Cattle on Hay Diets

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina Tatarkina ◽  
Ekaterina Ponomareva ◽  
Firdus Safin
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Metabolic Energy ◽  
Young Cattle ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Perennial Legumes ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Feed Unit

The article presents the results of studies on the use of hayfood rations from perennial legumes prepared in packaging film for feeding young cattle. The diets of feeding young cattle are balanced according to the main elements of nutrition, which made it possible to obtain average daily gains at the level of 10220–1244 grams. The nutritional value of the diets was almost the same in the groups and amounted to 9.33–9.39 energetic feed unit. It was found that animals treated with alfalfa and goat senator digested dry matter better by 7.83 and 3.4 %, crude protein by 5.41 and 1.87 %; crude fat by 19.89 and 4.67 %, crude fiber by 16.46 and 14.10 % compared with calves receiving clover hay, respectively. Using silage diets from these crops improves energy metabolism. The coefficient of productive use of metabolic energy by animals of the 3rd experimental group was 43.91 %, which is 5.15 % more than in the 1st experimental group, by 8.60 % from the 2nd experimental group. Animals of the 3 experimental groups were characterized by a higher slaughter yield, in comparison with other groups. The cost of feed per unit of increase in live weight of animals in group 2 was 9.19 energetic feed unit, which is 0.9 energetic feed unit and 1.73 energetic feed unit less than in 1 and 3 groups.

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