Effects of different husbandry systems on milk production of purebred and crossbred sheep

1980 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. P. Mavrogenis ◽  
A. Louca
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Protein Yield ◽  
Milk Traits ◽  
Awassi Sheep

ABSTRACTThe effects of different husbandry systems on production characters of 616 purebred and crossbred sheep are reported. The Cyprus Fat-tailed (L), Chios (C) and Awassi (A) breeds were evaluated under intensive, semi-intensive and extensive production systems. The performance of crossbred (C × L, A × L and A × C) Cyprus Fat-tailed and Awassi sheep was compared under extensive husbandry conditions. Ewes on the intensive systems produced more milk, fat and protein (P<0·01), but with somewhat lower fat and protein content than those on the extensive or semi-intensive systems. Chios and Awassi ewes were superior to Cyprus Fat-tailed ewes in nearly all traits (P<0·1), but inferior in terms of fat and protein content (P<0·1). Awassi × Chios crossbreds outyielded both purebred and crossbred sheep in terms of milk, fat and protein yield (P<0·1). Lactation number had a significant effect on milk traits. Maximum milk production was obtained at fourth lactation.

scholarly journals Einfluss systematischer Umwelteffekte auf die Milchleistungsmerkmale bei Bunten Deutschen Edelziegen

2004 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 275-285
Author(s):  
D. Bömkes ◽  
H. Hamann ◽  
O. Distl
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Cell ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Significant Influence ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Protein Yield ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Milk Traits

Abstract. Title of the paper: Influence of systematic environmental effects on milk performance traits in German Improved Fawn The objectives of this study were to analyse the influence of fixed effects on milk traits of German Improved Fawn. The analysis was based on 27,778 test day records of 1,848 German Improved Fawn with 3,574 lactation records. The milk records were sampled between 1988 and 2002 from 229 flocks in Lower Saxony, Saxony and Baden-Wuerttemberg. The average daily milk yield was 2.87 ± 1.20 kg with a fat content of 3.08 ± 0.54% and a protein content of 3.38 ± 0.95%. Somatic cell count (SCC) was transformed into somatic cell score (SCS). Mean SCS was 5.49 ± 1.93. The average lactation length was 234.1 ± 76.4 days. The analysis of variance showed a significant influence of lactation number, stage of lactation, year of lambing and month of lambing on all analysed milk production traits. Milk yield was highest in the fourth lactation number and fat as well as protein content in the 7th to 13th lactation number. Litter size had a significant influence on milk and fat yield and on fat and protein content. The region significantly influenced protein yield and fat and protein content of German Improved Fawn but had no effect on milk and protein yield and SCS. Animals from Baden-Wuerttemberg reached the highest milk protein content but the lowest milk fat content.

scholarly journals Beziehungen zwischen Milchleistung und Fruchtbarkeit in einer Schwarzbuntpopulation nach intensiver Steigerung der Milchleistung

2003 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-112
Author(s):  
G. Seeland ◽  
C. Henze
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Genetic Correlation ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Protein Yield ◽  
Environmental Correlation ◽  
Fertility Traits

Abstract. Title of the paper: Relations between milk yield and fertility after strong increased milk yield The purposes of the study were to estimate genetic parameters for milk production and fertility traits. The study included data on about 75,000 first and 40,000 second parity cows of German Friesian. The estimated coefficients of heritability for milk, fat and protein yield were in comparison to other previous estimates relatively high. In contrast to that, heritability of fat and protein content was very low. As expected, heritability of fertility also was very low, ranging from 0.009 to 0.127, depending on trait. Genetic correlation between milk, fat and protein yield, and fertility traits were high and unfavourable and characterize an antagonistic relation. The estimated environmental correlation coefficients are negible. The genetic coefficients of regression between milk yield and fertility are low and vary between the pair of traits. Low genetic coefficients make the effect of antagonism less strong.

scholarly journals Variability and heritability of milk traits of Holstein-Frisian bull dams and their progeny

Genetika ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 243-251
Author(s):  
Marina Lazarevic ◽  
Dragan Stanojevic ◽  
Vladan Bogdanovic ◽  
Vlada Pantelic ◽  
Nevena Maksimovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Protein Yield ◽  
Milk Traits ◽  
Holstein Friesian ◽  
Fat Yield ◽  
Calving Season ◽  
The Impact

The research was performed on Holstein-Friesian and Black and White bull dams reared on five farms of Agricultural Corporation of Belgrade - PKB. The study included 575 lactations of cows selected as bull dams and their progeny calved in the period from 2007 - 2014 and represent progeny of 24 bulls. The following dairy traits were analysed in a standard lactation (305 days): milk yield (kg) - MY, milk fat content (%) - % MF, milk fat yield (kg) - MFY, protein content (%) - % PC and protein yield (kg) - PY. Holstein-Friesian bull dams and their progeny, in standard lactation, produced on average 9239.84 ? 1607.64 kg of milk, with a milk fat content of 3.44 ? 0.20 and protein content of 3.21 ? 0.12. The impact of bull - sire, year of birth, lactation order, farm, year and calving season was present at different levels of statistical significance on yield traits, while the genetic group had no influence on any of the milk traits. Bull - sire, year of birth, lactation order and calving season did not influence the variability of milk fat and protein content. Heritability of observed milk traits was medium to low. The content of milk fat and protein had the lowest values of heritability, 0.014, and 0.024, respectively. The heritability of milk yield, milk fat yield and protein yield was 0.293, 0.319 and 0.273, respectively.

scholarly journals Characteristics of the productive-economic indicators of cows of Yaroslavl breed of different genotypes

2020 ◽  
pp. 43-52
Author(s):  
N. Kosyachenko ◽  
Marina Abramova ◽  
M. Lapina
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Holstein Breed ◽  
Blood Fraction ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract. Aim. The study of the influence of crossbriding on the growth and development of heifers and subsequent productive and reproductive qualities of cows on the first lactation. Methods. Using statistical methods, correlation analysis and ANOVA for evaluated genetic indicators of economic-valuable traits of dairy cattle. In particular was studied live weight of heifers from birth to 18 months, first insemination age and first fecundation age, live weight at fecundation, frequency of insemination, first calving age, days open, live weight at first lactation, milk yield for 305 days (kg), fat (%, kg) and protein (%, kg) in milk. Results. Relationship between productive indicators and the genotype of the animal is established. When assessing the strength of the influence of the factor «blood on the Holstein breed» it was found that the greatest impact can be traced at the age of 6 and 18 months, and is respectively 12.7 % and 17.1 %.The reproductive qualities of the first-calf cows decreased with the increase percent of blood in the Holstein breed. Evaluation of the impact of crossbreeding on milk production at first lactation has revealed significant strong influence on milk yield for 305 days of first lactation, and related signs the amount of milk fat and protein. According to qualitative indicators, the low influence of the Holstein blood fraction was found, while to a greater extent on the fat content than on the protein content in milk. Evaluation of phenotypic and genotypic correlations of milk yield and quality components of milk revealed average negative phenotypic and low negative genotypic correlation in all groups. The exception was in heifers of Yaroslavl breed with percent of Holstein blood less than 50 %, in which the relationship of yield x protein was positive. The relationship between milk yield and fat and protein content in milk has the opposite moderate character and strength. Practical significance. Studies was established that breeding of animals of Holstein and Yaroslavl breeds in one herd allows to receive an optimum ratio of milk production with optimal percentage fat and protein. For this herd among animals of the improved genotypes of the Yaroslavl breed, the use of genotypes with a percent of blood in the Holstein breed from 75.1 % to 87.6 % is optimal, which should be taken into account when selecting bulls to the breeding program.

scholarly journals Relationship between the insertion/deletion polymorphism within the promoter and the intron 1 sequence of the PRNP gene and milk performance traits in cattle

2011 ◽  
Vol 56 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 151-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Strychalski ◽  
U. Czarnik ◽  
M. Pierzchała ◽  
C.S. Pareek
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Prnp Gene ◽  
Promoter Sequence ◽  
Protein Yield ◽  
Indel Polymorphism ◽  
Genomic Location ◽  
Intron 1 ◽  
Performance Traits ◽  
Milk Performance

Current studies on the prion protein (PRNP) gene polymorphism focus primarily on the causative mutations that influence BSE susceptibility in cattle. The specific genetic structure determined by the insertion/deletion (indel) polymorphism within the 23 bp promoter sequence and the 12 bp intron 1 sequence of the PRNP gene, and its genomic location suggest that this polymorphism can be a potential QTL marker. The objective of the present study was to determine whether the indel polymorphism within the promoter sequence (23 bp) and the intron 1 sequence (12 bp) of the PRNP gene can be used as a factor differentiating the values of milk performance traits. The experimental materials comprised 285 primiparous Polish Holstein-Friesian cows, daughters of two dihybrid (23ins-12ins/23del-12del) sires (progeny of sire 1 &ndash; 149 cows, progeny of sire 2 &ndash; 136 cows). The following milk performance traits were analysed: milk yield, milk fat yield, milk protein yield, fat and protein contents of milk during the first 305-day lactation. The polymorphism in the promoter region (23 bp) was found to have a significant (P = 0.040) effect on protein yield and a highly significant (P = 0.007) effect on the protein content of milk. The highest values of these traits were noted in 23 ins/del heterozygotes and the lowest in 23 del/del homozygotes. There was an interrelation between diplotype variants and the concentrations of milk components. The protein content of milk was highly significantly (P = 0.007) higher in 23ins-12ins/23del-12del heterozygotes and significantly (P = 0.028) higher in 23ins-12ins/23ins-12ins homozygotes, compared to 23del-12ins/23del-12del cows. 23ins-12ins/23del-12del heterozygotes were also characterized by a significantly (P = 0.046) higher fat content of milk, in comparison with 23del-12del/23del-12del homozygotes.

Season and reproductive status rather than genetic factors influence change in ewe weight and fat over time. 4. Genetic relationships of ewe weight and fat score with fleece, reproduction and milk traits

2016 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 708 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. F. Walkom ◽  
F. D. Brien ◽  
M. L. Hebart ◽  
N. M. Fogarty ◽  
S. Hatcher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Fibre Diameter ◽  
Reproductive Traits ◽  
Production Cycle ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Milk Production Traits ◽  
Milk Traits ◽  
Fat Score

The profitability of a sheep enterprise is greatly influenced by the ability of the ewe to produce a lamb annually. This paper examines the between- and within-breed association between the liveweight and fat score of the adult ewe and key fleece, reproduction and milk production traits. The study analysed the performance of 2846 first-cross Merino and Corriedale ewes from the maternal central progeny test (MCPT) over their first three production cycles. Breed (9 sire breeds) and within-breed (91 sires) correlations were calculated from bivariate correlations of adult liveweight and fat score with fleece, reproduction and milk production traits. The mean liveweight and fatness of the breeds were low to moderately negatively correlated with greasy fleece weight (–0.55 and –0.25, respectively) and moderate to strongly positively correlated with fibre diameter (0.88 and 0.41, respectively). However, the within-breed correlations were generally low to negligible. The genetic relationships between ewe fat score and reproductive traits at the breed and within-breed level was generally low to negligible and, in some cases, negative under production conditions where the ewes were well managed and averaged a fat score of 3.5 pre-joining and became too fat across the production cycle. Strong breed correlations between ewe fat score and milk fat concentration (0.88) suggest that selection of fatter sire breeds will lead to increased fat in their progenies’ milk, which was associated with larger lambs. The potential advantages of selecting for more fat to improve the maternal performance of the ewe seem to be limited in enterprises where the production system can easily be adjusted to restrict the influence of temporary and long-term feed deficiencies, as was achieved within the MCPT research flocks.

The relationship between milk progesterone and milk traits during estrus in dairy Cows

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Gavelis ◽  
V. Þilaitis ◽  
A Juozaitis ◽  
V. Juozaitienë ◽  
G. Urbonavièius ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Milk Traits ◽  
Subclinical Ketosis ◽  
Yield Level ◽  
Milk Protein Content ◽  
The Relationship

The aim of this study was to evaluate relationship between milk progesterone concentration (P4) and milk traits at the start of estrus time and 12h after start of the estrus in dairy cows. The 96 milk samples of 48 Lithuanian dairy cows without reproduction disorders and 90–100 days after calving were evaluated. Cows were classified into two groups based on milk yield per day: less than 30 kg (n=20) and e”30 kg (n=28). Data were categorized by milk fat and protein content at the start estrus and 12h after start of estrus to evaluate relationship between P4 and milk traits examined. P4 at estrus time in dairy cows was significantly positively correlated with milk yield (P less than 0.001), whereas it was negatively correlated with milk protein (P less than 0.05-P less than 0.01) and fat at 12h after start of estrus. Dairy cows with F/P from 1.0 to 1.5 had the lowest P4 in milk. Results of the pregnancy in dairy cows were related with lower P4 and milk yield level (P less than 0.001), higher milk fat (P less than 0.05) and milk protein content (P less than 0.001). These cows had 1.90 times lower prevalence of the signs of subclinical ketosis (P less than 0.05) at estrus time when compared with non-pregnant cows. As a result, it was clearly demonstrated that P4 in dairy cows can help to evaluate and improve the reproductive properties of cows.

scholarly journals Schätzung genetischer Parameter für Testtagsergebnisse von Milchleistungsmerkmalen bei Bunten Deutschen Edelziegen

2004 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-202
Author(s):  
D. Bömkes ◽  
H. Hamann ◽  
O. Distl
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Protein Yield ◽  
Lower Saxony ◽  
Genetic Progress ◽  
Performance Traits ◽  
Milk Performance

Abstract. Title of the paper: Estimation of genetic parameters for test day records of milk performance traits in German Improved Fawn The objectives of this study were to estimate genetic parameters for milk performance traits of German Improved Fawn by using univariate und multivariate animal models. The analysis was based on 27,778 test day records of 1,848 German Improved Fawn with 3,574 lactation records distributed over 229 flocks in Lower Saxony, Saxony and Baden-Wuerttemberg. Milk records were sampled between 1988 and 2002. The animals in our analysis were the progeny of 455 sires and 1.148 does. Heritabilities estimated with a multivariate test day model with fixed regression were h2 = 0.19, 0.16 and 0.15 for milk, fat and protein yield. For fat and protein content and Somatic Cell Score (SCS) heritabilities were h2 = 0.17, 0.14 and 0.16, respectively. The additive genetic correlations between milk yield and fat as well as protein yield of German Improved Fawn were very high and positive (rg = 0.84 and rg = 0.77). Milk yield and milk contents were genetically negative correlated with rg = −0.28 for fat and rg = −0.22 for protein content. A moderate additive genetic correlation (rg = 0.48) between fat and protein content was estimated. There were no considerable additive genetic correlations between fat yield and protein content as well as between fat content and protein yield (rg = 0.05 and rg = 0.09). Additive genetic correlations between milk, fat or protein yield and SCS were high and negative, whereas additive genetic correlations between fat or protein content and SCS were low and positive. The genetic parameters estimated from field test records allow to achieve genetic progress in milk performance traits of German Improved Fawn.

scholarly journals Productive characteristics and body measurements of alpine goats raised under smallholder production systems in central Serbia

2015 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 245-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Maksimovic ◽  
F. Bauman ◽  
M.P. Petrovic ◽  
V.C. Petrovic ◽  
D. Ruzic-Muslic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Smallholder Farms ◽  
Milk Protein Content ◽  
Average Body ◽  
Linear Body ◽  
Average Body Weight

The purpose of this study was to evaluate present level of productivity and determine linear body traits of Alpine goats raised in Serbia on smallholder farms. Data were collected from 22 smallholder farms located in Belgrade district, with total of 330 purebred Alpine does 2-9 years of age, 145 yearling does and 476 kids. Traits measured were: body weight of does, body weight of kids at birth, 30 days of age and at weaning (90-120 days), prolificacy of mature and yearling (primiparous) does, six linear body traits of does (wither height, body length, hearth girth, chest depth, chest width, pelvic width) and milk production (milk yield, milk fat and milk protein content). The analysis showed the average body weight of does to be 54.96 kg, while the average body weight of kids at birth, 30 days of age and weaning was 2.73 kg, 8.7 kg and 18.3 kg., respectively. Prolificacy was 144% in mature and 125% in yearling does. Measurements of linear body traits were: wither height 67.87 cm, body length 71.92 cm, hearth girth 81.79 cm, chest depth 32.93, chest width 21.49 cm and pelvic width 17.63 cm. Among dairy production traits, following results were obtained: lactation length 220.73 days, total milk yield 531.66 kg, milk fat content 3.33% and milk protein content 3.16%. It was concluded that the overall productivity of Alpine goats raised under smallholder production systems in Serbia is satisfying. Giving the fact that these animals are usually kept under poor conditions, many of these productive traits are very good.

The effects of abomasal infusions of glucose or casein on milk yield and on some blood constituents of dairy cows in early and late lactations

1984 ◽  
Vol 1984 ◽  
pp. 73-73
Author(s):  
L. Istasse ◽  
E.R. Ørskov
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Protein Yield ◽  
Blood Constituents ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
Abomasal Infusion ◽  
Fat Yield

Abomasal infusion of casein has been shown to increase the milk yield, fat yield, protein content and protein yield while no clear-cut effects were observed with infusion of glucose (Ørskov, Grubb and Kay, 1977 and confirmed by Oldham, Bines and MacRae, 1983). Little information is available about the changes in blood parameters with abomasal infusion of glucose or casein. The objective of the present experiments was to relate changes in milk production to blood parameters in dairy cows given casein or glucose as an infusion into the abomasum during early or late lactation.

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