Predictors and dietary consequences of frequent intake of high-sugar, low-nutrient foods in 1-year-old children participating in the ABIS study

Foods rich in sugar have been suggested to contribute to the increasing prevalence of obesity in children. The aim of this report is to investigate the dietary pattern in 1-year-old children who frequently receive foods rich in sugar but low in nutrients and to study associated demographic and parental factors. During 1977–9, 21 700 infants were invited to participate in this prospective, population-based, longitudinal cohort study. Screening questionnaires were completed for 16 070 infants after delivery. Follow-up questionnaires from 10 762 children at 1 year of age are included in the analysis. It was found that 24 % of the children received sweets/pastries more often than one or two times per week. They had a higher intake of French fries, potato crisps and cream as well as a lower intake of fruit and vegetables. A frequent intake of sugar-rich, low-nutrient foods was significantly associated with several maternal factors (high intake of sweets/pastries during pregnancy, young age, mother living alone) as well as presence of older siblings. Maternal smoking during pregnancy and maternal overweight were of borderline significance. Parental education level was inversely associated with the frequency of intake of sweets/pastries in the child. Children who frequently receive sweets/pastries also have an otherwise unfavourable dietary pattern. Several parental and demographic factors were associated with this feeding pattern, especially high intake of sweets/pastries during pregnancy. Screening of pregnant women for risk predictors like consumption of sweets/pastries, young age and smoking could be possible ways of identifying children at future risk for low dietary quality.

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Prenatal and postnatal risk factors for infantile pneumonia in a representative birth cohort

Epidemiology and Infection ◽

10.1017/s0950268811001890 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 140 (7) ◽

pp. 1277-1285 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

C. H. CHEN ◽

H. J. WEN ◽

P. C. CHEN ◽

S. J. LIN ◽

T. L. CHIANG ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Family Environment ◽

Large Population ◽

Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Antibiotic Use ◽

Population Based ◽

Study Cohort ◽

Mortality And Morbidity ◽

Smoking During Pregnancy ◽

Maternal Overweight

SUMMARYPneumonia is an important cause of mortality and morbidity in infants. However, information of risk factors for pneumonia in children aged <6 months is limited. This study aimed to evaluate the risk factors and their contribution to infantile pneumonia in a large population-based survey. Of 24 200 randomly sampled main caregivers invited, 21 248 (87·8%) participated in this study. A structured questionnaire was used to interview the main caregivers. Information regarding whether hospitalization was required, family environment, and medical history were obtained. The prevalence of pneumonia was 0·62% in our study cohort. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that preterm birth, congenital cardiopulmonary disease, antibiotic use during pregnancy, maternal overweight, daily prenatal exposure to environmental tobacco smoke, maternal smoking during pregnancy, and visible mould on walls at home are risk factors associated with infantile pneumonia. Further study is warranted to investigate the causality and mechanisms of these novel factors.

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Prenatal origins of suicide mortality: A prospective cohort study in the United States

Translational Psychiatry ◽

10.1038/s41398-021-01777-x ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Pablo Vidal-Ribas ◽

Theemeshni Govender ◽

Rajeshwari Sundaram ◽

Roy H. Perlis ◽

Stephen E. Gilman

Keyword(s):

Pregnancy Complications ◽

Parental Education ◽

The United States ◽

Sociodemographic Factors ◽

Population Based ◽

Suicide Mortality ◽

Related Factors ◽

Parental Occupation ◽

Smoking During Pregnancy ◽

Neonatal Complications

AbstractMost suicide research focuses on acute precipitants and is conducted in high-risk populations. Yet, vulnerability to suicide is likely established years prior to its occurrence. In this study, we aimed to investigate the risk of suicide mortality conferred by prenatal sociodemographic and pregnancy-related factors. Offspring of participants (N = 49,853) of the Collaborative Perinatal Project, a U.S. population-based cohort of pregnancies enrolled between 1959 and 1966, were linked to the U.S. National Death Index to determine their vital status by the end 2016. We examined associations between sociodemographic factors during pregnancy, pregnancy complications, labor and delivery complications, and neonatal complications with suicide death coded according to ICD-9/10 criteria. By the end of 2016, 3,555 participants had died. Of these, 288 (214 males, 74 females) died by suicide (incidence rate = 15.6 per 100,000 person-years, 95% Confidence Interval [CI] = 13.9–17.5). In adjusted models, male sex (Hazard Ratio [HR] = 2.98, CI: 2.26–3.93), White race (HR = 2.14, CI = 1.63–2.83), low parental education (HR = 2.23, CI = 1.38–3.62), manual parental occupation (HR = 1.38, CI = 1.05–1.82), being a younger sibling (HR = 1.52, CI = 1.10–2.11), higher rates of pregnancy complications (HR = 2.36, CI = 1.08–5.16), and smoking during pregnancy (HR = 1,28, CI = 0.99–1.66) were independently associated with suicide risk, whereas birth and neonatal complications were not. Consistent with the developmental origins of psychiatric disorders, vulnerability to suicide mortality is established early in development. Both sociodemographic and pregnancy factors play a role in this risk, which underscores the importance of considering life course approaches to suicide prevention, possibly including provision of high-quality prenatal care, and alleviating the socioeconomic burdens of mothers and families.

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Young Children’s Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Consumption and 5-Year Change in BMI: Lessons Learned from the Timing of Consumption

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu12082486 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (8) ◽

pp. 2486

Author(s):

Petra C. Vinke ◽

Karlien A. Blijleven ◽

Milou H. H. S. Luitjens ◽

Eva Corpeleijn

Keyword(s):

Parental Education ◽

Parental Influence ◽

Lessons Learned ◽

Smoking During Pregnancy ◽

Parental Education Level ◽

Sugar Sweetened Beverage ◽

Consumption Frequency ◽

The Difference ◽

Main Meals ◽

At Home

Sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) are an already known risk factor for weight gain in childhood. To identify windows of opportunity for public health interventions, insight into the consumption behavior of SSBs is needed. We investigated whether total SSB consumption was related to body mass index (BMI) change and overweight and compared whether the timing of consumption over the day differed between low and high consumers. In the Dutch GECKO Drenthe birth cohort, a cohort embedded within the Groningen Expert Center for Kids with Obesity (GECKO), height and weight were measured by trained nurses at age 5/6 years (y) and 10/11 y (N = 1257). BMI was standardized for age and sex (BMI-z). In the food pattern questionnaire completed by parents at age 5/6 y, beverages were assessed for seven time segments (breakfast, morning, lunch at school, lunch at home, afternoon, dinner, and evening). Linear and logistic regression analyses were adjusted for potential confounders (sex, baseline BMI-z, parental BMI, parental education level, maternal age at birth, maternal smoking during pregnancy). The median daily SSB consumption frequency ranged from 1.9 times per day (1.5–2.0, 25th–75th percentile) in the lowest quartile to 4.9 times per day (4.6–5.5) in the highest quartile. In the highest compared to the lowest quartile of SSB consumption frequency, the confounder-adjusted odds ratio for overweight incidence was 3.12 (95% CI, 1.60–6.07). The difference in consumption between quartile 1 and quartile 4 occurred mainly during main meals and in the evening, e.g., at breakfast (31% vs. 98%, p < 0.001), lunch at home (32% vs. 98%, p < 0.001), and dinner (17% vs. 72%, p < 0.001). These drinking occasions characterizing high SSB consumers mostly occurred in the home environment, where parental influence on dietary behaviors is profound. Therefore, these results exposed a window of opportunity, leading to the advice for parents to offer their children sugar-free drinks to quench thirst with main meals.

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Timing of Complementary Feeding in Preterm Infants is not Associated with Early Adiposity Rebound: Longitudinal Analysis of BMI Data from Birth to 7 Years

10.20944/preprints202006.0020.v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Maria Elisabetta Baldassarre ◽

Antonio Di Mauro ◽

Margherita Caroli ◽

Federico Schettini ◽

Valentina Rizzo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Preterm Infants ◽

Parental Education ◽

Final Analysis ◽

Population Based ◽

Adiposity Rebound ◽

Prevalence Of Obesity ◽

Duration Of Breastfeeding ◽

Preterm Newborns

Background: Adiposity rebound (AR) refers to the second rise of the BMI curve that usually occurs physiologically between 5 and 7 years of age. AR timing has a great impact on children´s health, being the early adiposity rebound (EAR) associated with the development of metabolic disease later in life. Aim: We aimed to investigate the prevalence of EAR in a cohort of preterm newborns. Secondary outcomes evaluated if some determinants such as (1) gender (male/female), (2) type of delivery (caesarean/vaginal), (3) birth weight (SGA/NGA/LGA), (4) type of feeding (5) duration of breastfeeding, (6) timing of introduction of solid food, (7) parental education and (8) parental pre-pregnancy BMI can influence EAR in this cohort. Tertiary aim was to evaluate the prevalence of obesity or overweight at 7 years of age in children according to early versus timely AR. Methods: This is a perspective, population-based longitudinal study, where infants born preterm were evaluated at birth and at 1, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 24 months and 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 years of gestational-corrected age. Weight and height data were analyzed, and BMI was calculated. AR was assessed in the growth trajectory in a body mass index (BMI) plot. Results: Of the 250 preterm newborns included, 100 completed the 7 years follow-up and entered in the final analysis. The prevalence of EAR in our cohort of preterm newborns was 54%. EAR was associated with being LGA at birth. No other factors were associated to EAR. Early adiposity rebounders have a significant higher BMI at 7 years compared to children with timely AR (17.2 ±2.7 vs 15.6 ± 2.05, p=0.021). No significant differences were found in the prevalence of obesity or overweight at 7 years of age in children with early or timely AR (29% vs 14% p=0.202). Conclusions: Clinical management of preterm infants should focus on reducing excess weight gain to prevent long-term metabolic risk. Others neonatal factors are not associated to an higher risk of EAR.

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Prevalence and risk factors for obesity in Balearic Islands adolescents

British Journal Of Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s000711450999136x ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 103 (1) ◽

pp. 99-106 ◽

Cited By ~ 33

Author(s):

Maria del Mar Bibiloni ◽

Elisa Martinez ◽

Rosa Llull ◽

Maria Daniela Juarez ◽

Antoni Pons ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Parental Education ◽

Balearic Islands ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Physically Active ◽

Parental Education Level ◽

Prevalence Of Obesity ◽

Watching Tv ◽

Parental Socioeconomic Status ◽

Activity Questionnaire

The aim of this work was to assess the prevalence and risk factors of obesity in the Balearic Islands' adolescents. A cross-sectional nutritional survey was carried out in the Balearic Islands (2007–2008). A random sample (n1231) of the adolescent population (12–17 year old) was interviewed. Anthropometric measurements, two non-consecutive 24 h recalls and a general questionnaire incorporating questions related to sociodemographic and lifestyle variables including the physical activity questionnaire were used. The prevalence of overweight was 19·9 % (boys) and 15·5 % (girls), and obesity 12·7 % (boys) and 8·5 % (girls). The main risk factors associated with a higher prevalence of obesity were low parental education level (boys OR: 3·47; 95 % CI: 1·58, 7·62; girls OR: 3·29; 95 % CI: 1·38, 7·89), to skip meals (boys OR: 4·99; 95 % CI: 2·1, 11·54; girls OR: 2·20; 95 % CI: 0·99, 4·89), age (12–13-year-old boys; OR: 2·75; 95 % CI: 1·14, 6·64), attention to mass media (television (TV)+radio; boys OR: 1·50; 95 % CI: 0·81, 2·84; girls OR: 2·06; 95 % CI: 0·91, 4·68), short sleep (boys OR: 3·42; 95 % CI: 0·88, 13·26), low parental socioeconomic status (girls OR: 3·24, 95% CI: 1·04, 10·05 ) and smoking (girls OR: 2·51; 95 % CI: 0·88, 7·13). A programme of action including school healthy education and promotion programmes targeted at parents and adolescents are needed. These programmes may be mainly focused to increase educational level, to make the adolescents to be aware of to skip meals and to smoke are not appropriate methods to reduce the risk of obesity, but the usefulness is to do not eat while watching TV, to sleep 8–10 h/d and to be physically active.

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Parental dietary patterns and social determinants of children's dietary patterns

Revista de Nutrição ◽

10.1590/1678-98652016000400004 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 29 (4) ◽

pp. 483-493 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Rosana SALLES-COSTA ◽

Gabriela dos Santos BARROSO ◽

Maria CABRAL ◽

Maria Beatriz Trindade de CASTRO

Keyword(s):

Principal Component Analysis ◽

Linear Regression ◽

Dietary Patterns ◽

Dietary Pattern ◽

Parental Education ◽

Family Income ◽

Principal Component ◽

Education Level ◽

Demographic Characteristics ◽

Parental Education Level

ABSTRACT Objective To identify dietary patterns in children up to thirty months of age and verify whether they are associated with parental dietary patterns, and socioeconomic and demographic characteristics. Methods This is a cross-sectional study with baseline data from a population-based study composed of 1,085 households from a representative sample of a metropolitan region in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The children's food intake was evaluated by two 24-hour recalls, and the dietary patterns were identified by principal component analysis stratified into two groups according to the children's age: 6 to 17 months; and 18 to 30 months. The explanatory variables collected by a structured questionnaire were socioeconomic and demographic characteristics, age at introduction of complementary foods, and parental dietary pattern. A Food Frequency Questionnaire was administered to assess parental dietary pattern, which was determined by principal component analysis. Multivariate linear regression estimated the effect of each explanatory variable on the children's dietary patterns. Results Three dietary patterns were identified in children aged 6-17 months (basic-mixed; mixed-plus; and milk-flours) and two dietary patterns were identified in children aged 18-30 months: basic-mixed and mixed-plus. Multivariate linear regression showed that complementary feeding (b=0.108; p=0.004) was positively associated with the basic-mixed dietary pattern, and family income (b=0.002; p£0.01), with the mixed-plus dietary pattern. A negative association was found between the traditional parental dietary pattern and children's mixed-plus pattern in children aged 6-17 months (b=0.152; p=0.006) and in children aged 18-30 months (b=0.152; p=0.016). In children aged up to 18 months, parental education level (b=0.368; p£0.01) was positively associated with the mixed-plus dietary pattern. Conclusion Family income, parental education level, and parental dietary patterns are associated with children's dietary patterns.

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Changes in cannabis use according to socioeconomic status among Finnish adolescents from 2000 to 2015

Journal of Cannabis Research ◽

10.1186/s42238-020-00052-y ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Noora Knaappila ◽

Mauri Marttunen ◽

Sari Fröjd ◽

Nina Lindberg ◽

Riittakerttu Kaltiala

Keyword(s):

Socioeconomic Status ◽

Parental Education ◽

Population Based ◽

Cannabis Use ◽

Chi Square ◽

Socioeconomic Groups ◽

Parental Unemployment ◽

The Usa ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

School Survey

Abstract Background Despite reduced sanctions and more permissive attitudes toward cannabis use in the USA and Europe, the prevalences of adolescent cannabis use have remained rather stable in the twenty-first century. However, whether trends in adolescent cannabis use differ between socioeconomic groups is not known. The aim of this study was to examine trends in cannabis use according to socioeconomic status among Finnish adolescents from 2000 to 2015. Methods A population-based school survey was conducted biennially among 14–16-year-old Finns between 2000 and 2015 (n = 761,278). Distributions for any and frequent cannabis use over time according to socioeconomic adversities were calculated using crosstabs and chi-square test. Associations between any and frequent cannabis use, time, and socioeconomic adversities were studied using binomial logistic regression results shown by odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals. Results At the overall level, the prevalences of lifetime and frequent cannabis use varied only slightly between 2000 and 2015. Cannabis use was associated with socioeconomic adversities (parental unemployment in the past year, low parental education, and not living with both parents). The differences in any and frequent cannabis use between socioeconomic groups increased significantly over the study period. Conclusions Although the overall changes in the prevalence of adolescent cannabis use were modest, cannabis use increased markedly among adolescents with the most socioeconomic adversities. Socioeconomic adversities should be considered in the prevention of adolescent cannabis use.

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Sociodemographic Patterns of Exclusive and Dual Use of ENDS and Menthol/Non-Menthol Cigarettes among US Youth (Ages 15–17) Using Two Nationally Representative Surveys (2013–2017)

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18157781 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (15) ◽

pp. 7781

Author(s):

Akash Patel ◽

Jana L. Hirschtick ◽

Steven Cook ◽

Bukola Usidame ◽

Ritesh Mistry ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Household Income ◽

Parental Education ◽

The United States ◽

Tobacco Prevention ◽

Dual Use ◽

Parental Education Level ◽

Menthol Cigarette ◽

Menthol Cigarettes ◽

Current Cigarette ◽

Nationally Representative

The use of electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) among youth in the United States has increased rapidly in the past decade. Simultaneously, while youth cigarette smoking has declined considerably, youth are still more likely to use menthol cigarettes than any other age group. We used nationally representative data on 15–17-year-olds from the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study and the National Youth Tobacco Survey (NYTS) (2013–2017) to better understand current cigarette (by menthol flavoring) and ENDS use in the US. We calculated weighted population prevalence estimates across years for multiple patterns of current cigarette and ENDS use (i.e., exclusive menthol cigarette, exclusive non-menthol cigarette, exclusive ENDS, dual ENDS and menthol cigarette, and dual ENDS and non-menthol cigarette) by sex, race/ethnicity, parental education level, household income, and homeownership. Overall, both exclusive menthol and non-menthol cigarette use declined from 2013–2017. Exclusive ENDS use increased, particularly among youth who were non-Hispanic White or had a higher socioeconomic status (measured by parental education, household income, and homeownership). Dual use of ENDS with either menthol or non-menthol cigarettes did not change significantly. Monitoring changes in these sociodemographic patterns will help inform future youth tobacco prevention strategies.

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A Priori and a Posteriori Dietary Patterns among Pregnant Women in Johannesburg, South Africa: The NuPED Study

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu13020565 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 565

Author(s):

Cornelia Conradie ◽

Jeannine Baumgartner ◽

Linda Malan ◽

Elizabeth A. Symington ◽

Marike Cockeran ◽

...

Keyword(s):

South Africa ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Dietary Patterns ◽

Dietary Pattern ◽

A Priori ◽

Dietary Quality ◽

A Posteriori ◽

Urban South ◽

Quality Diet ◽

Nutrient Patterns

Dietary pattern analyses allow assessment of the diet as a whole. Limited studies include both a priori and a posteriori dietary pattern analyses. This study aimed to explore the diet of pregnant women in urban South Africa through both a priori and a posteriori dietary pattern analyses and associated maternal and household factors. Dietary data were collected during early pregnancy using a quantified food frequency questionnaire from 250 pregnant women enrolled in the Nutrition During Pregnancy and Early Development (NuPED) cohort. A priori dietary patterns were determined using the Diet Quality Index-International (DQI-I), and a posteriori nutrient patterns using exploratory factor analysis. Based on the DQI-I, the study population followed a borderline low-quality diet. Three a posteriori nutrient patterns were identified: Pattern 1 “plant protein, iron, thiamine, and folic acid”; pattern 2 “animal protein, copper, vitamin A, and vitamin B12”; pattern 3 “fatty acids and sodium”. Pattern 1 was associated with higher dietary quality (p < 0.001), lower maternal educational level (p = 0.03) and socioeconomic status (p < 0.001). Pattern 3 was significantly associated with lower dietary quality. The low dietary quality among pregnant women residing in urban South Africa should be addressed to ensure optimal maternal and offspring health outcomes.

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Does obesity persist from childhood to adolescence? A 4-year prospective cohort study of chinese students in Hong Kong

BMC Pediatrics ◽

10.1186/s12887-021-02504-7 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Joanna Yuet-ling Tung ◽

Frederick Ka-wing Ho ◽

Keith Tsz-suen Tung ◽

Rosa Sze-man Wong ◽

Wilfred Hing-sang Wong ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hong Kong ◽

Physical Fitness ◽

Population Based ◽

Childhood And Adolescence ◽

Fitness Level ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Obesity Status ◽

Fitness Parameters ◽

Prevalence Of Obesity ◽

Award Scheme

Abstract Background Little is known about the progression of obesity from childhood to adolescence. This study aimed to longitudinally examine the obesity status in a cohort of children across their childhood and adolescence, and to identify the factors associated with persistent obesity. Methods The study used data from School Physical Fitness Award Scheme (SPFAS), a population-based programme in Hong Kong primary and secondary schools. Students were included if they participated in the SPFAS in both 2014 (Primary 1 and 2) and 2018 (Primary 5 and 6). Their anthropometric and physical fitness parameters were analyzed. Results A total of 18,863 students were included. The baseline prevalence of obesity was 5.7 %. After 4 years, the prevalence increased to 6.7 %. Among those with obesity at baseline, 35.3 % remained obese after 4 years. The addition of baseline physical fitness level did not improve the prediction for persistent obesity. Conclusions One-third of obese students in junior primary school remained to be obese into adolescence. Their baseline physical fitness level did not improve the predictive value for future obesity. Further studies should investigate the prognostic factors that may influence the natural course of childhood obesity.

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