scholarly journals Anti-inflammatory effect of lycopene on carrageenan-induced paw oedema and hepatic ischaemia–reperfusion in the rat

2009 ◽  
Vol 102 (1) ◽  
pp. 126-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Letícia Bignotto ◽  
João Rocha ◽  
Bruno Sepodes ◽  
Maria Eduardo-Figueira ◽  
Rui Pinto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Injury ◽  
Repeated Administration ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Organ Injury ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Oedema Formation ◽  
Ischaemia Reperfusion ◽  
Paw Oedema ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Glutamyl Transferase

The regular intake of tomatoes or its products has been associated with a reduced risk of chronic diseases and these effects have been mainly attributed to lycopene. Here, we evaluated the anti-inflammatory properties of lycopene and its protective effects on organ injury in two experimental models of inflammation. In order to study the effects of lycopene in local inflammation, a carrageenan-induced paw oedema model in rats was performed. Lycopene was administered as an acute (1, 10, 25 or 50 mg/kg, intraperitoneally, 15 min before carrageenan injection) and chronic treatment (25 or 50 mg/kg per d, 14 d). Inflammation was assessed by the measurement of paw volume increase after 6 h. Lycopene significantly inhibited paw oedema formation at two doses (25 and 50 mg/kg) in both acute and repeated administration. The effect of lycopene on liver inflammation was evaluated in a liver ischaemia–reperfusion (I/R) model. Rats were subjected to 45 min of ischaemia of three-quarters of the liver followed by 2 h of reperfusion. In this model, lycopene was administered daily at two doses (25 and 50 mg/kg) during the 14 d that preceded the experiments. Repeated administration of lycopene reduced liver injury induced by I/R, as demonstrated by the reduction of the increase in liver injury markers (aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase and γ-glutamyl transferase) and attenuation of liver tissue lipoperoxidation was evidenced by a decrease in malondialdehyde production. The present results show that lycopene exhibited local anti-inflammatory activity and also attenuated liver injury induced by I/R. We speculate that lycopene administration might be useful in the pharmacological modulation of inflammatory events.

scholarly journals Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Pleurotus ostreatus, a Culinary Medicinal Mushroom, in Wistar Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
W. J. A. Banukie N. Jayasuriya ◽  
Shiroma M. Handunnetti ◽  
Chandanie A. Wanigatunge ◽  
Gita H. Fernando ◽  
D. Thusitha U. Abeytunga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pleurotus Ostreatus ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
No Production ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Paw Oedema ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Rat Paw ◽  
Rat Paw Oedema

Context. Pleurotus ostreatus (P.o) is a culinary mushroom which is commonly called as “oyster mushroom” belonging to the Basidiomycetous fungi of the order Agaricales and family Pleurotaceae. Objectives. The present study investigates the anti-inflammatory potential of P.o and the underlying mechanisms of activity. Materials and Methods. Anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated using suspensions of freeze-dried and powdered (SFDP) P.o and acetone extract (AE) of P.o in normal and alloxan-induced diabetic rats using the carrageenan-induced rat paw oedema model. The mechanisms by which P.o is mediating the anti-inflammatory activity were studied using in vivo and in vitro assays. Results. At doses of 500–1000 mg/kg, the SFDP of P.o showed long-lasting activity at both early and late phases of carrageenan-induced rat paw oedema. The dose of 750 mg/kg showed the most potent inhibitory activity (92% inhibition) in healthy rats. The AE of P.o showed maximum inhibition of oedema of 87%. P.o exerted protective effects on the inflammatory pathologies in rats with diabetes. The possible mechanisms by which P.o mediates the anti-inflammatory activity were antihistamine activity (52.1%), inhibition of cell migration to the site of inflammation (45.4%), in vitro membrane stabilizing activity (52.6%), and inhibition of nitric oxide (NO) production (91.2%) (P<0.05). Dose-dependent inhibition of NO production was seen with in vitro treatment of rat peritoneal cells with AE of P.o (r = 0.95; P<0.05). Discussion and Conclusion. The promising activity of culinary mushroom P.o against inflammation suggests its potential application as a functional food during inflammatory conditions.

scholarly journals Effects of Juniperus phoenicea Hydroalcoholic Extract on Inflammatory Mediators and Oxidative Stress Markers in Carrageenan-Induced Paw Oedema in Mice

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karama Zouari Bouassida ◽  
Samar Makni ◽  
Amina Tounsi ◽  
Lobna Jlaiel ◽  
Mohamed Trigui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Oedema Formation ◽  
Stress Markers ◽  
Paw Oedema ◽  
Juniperus Phoenicea ◽  
Wild Tree ◽  
Mda Content

Juniperus phoenicea (J. phoenicea) is a wild tree belonging to the Cupressaceae family, commonly used for the treatment of several disorders. This study aimed to evaluate the potential protective effects of J. phoenicea hydroethanolic extract (EtOH-H2OE) against oxidation, acute inflammation, and pain in mice models. For the purpose, chemical compounds of J. phoenicea EtOH-H2OE were also analyzed by GC-MS. The J. phoenicea EtOH-H2OE showed a potent antioxidant activity in vitro, thanks to its richness in phenolic and flavonoid compounds. Mice treated with EtOH-H2OE (100 mg/kg BW) showed reduced paw oedema formation and decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) content. The evaluation of antioxidant enzyme activities in paw oedema tissue after five hours of carrageenan induction showed a significant increase (P<0.05). Inflammatory biomarkers explorations of J. phoenicea EtOH-H2OE-treated mice showed a restoration of the studied parameters to near-normal values. Furthermore, EtOH-H2OE of J. phoenicea produced a significant reduction of the number of abdominal writhes (P<0.05) in a dose-dependent way. Phytochemical analysis of the J. phoenicea EtOH-H2OE by GC-MS showed the presence of hexadecanoic and stearic acids known as anti-inflammatory and analgesic compounds. Our investigation provided evidence that J. phoenicea EtOH-H2OE can effectively reduce the inflammation and pain in mice models.

scholarly journals Methane Alleviates Acetaminophen-Induced Liver Injury by Inhibiting Inflammation, Oxidative Stress, Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress, and Apoptosis through the Nrf2/HO-1/NQO1 Signaling Pathway

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Feng ◽  
Ruixia Cui ◽  
Zeyu Li ◽  
Xia Zhang ◽  
Yifan Jia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Liver Injury ◽  
Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Hepatic Injury ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Serum Aminotransferase ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Acetaminophen- (APAP-) induced hepatic injury is an important clinical challenge. Oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, and endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) contribute to the pathogenesis. Methane has potential anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antiapoptotic properties. This project was aimed at studying the protective effects and relative mechanisms of methane in APAP-induced liver injury. In the in vivo experiment, C57BL/6 mice were treated with APAP (400 mg/kg) to induce hepatic injury followed by methane-rich saline (MRS) 10 ml/kg i.p. after 12 and 24 h. We observed that MRS alleviated the histopathological lesions in the liver, decreased serum aminotransferase levels, reduced the levels of inflammatory cytokines, suppressed the nuclear factor-κB expression. Further, we found that MRS relieved oxidative stress by regulating the Nrf2/HO-1/NQO1 signaling pathway and their downstream products after APAP challenge. MRS also regulated proteins associated with ERS-induced apoptosis. In the in vitro experiment, the L-02 cell line was treated with APAP (10 mM) to induce hepatic injury. We found that a methane-rich medium decreased the levels of reactive oxygen species (DHE fluorescent staining), inhibited apoptosis (cell flow test), and regulated the Nrf2/HO-1/NQO1 signaling pathway. Our data indicated that MRS prevented APAP-induced hepatic injury via anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-ERS, and antiapoptotic properties involving the Nrf2/HO-1/NQO1 signaling pathway.

scholarly journals Effects of Portulaca Oleracea Extract on Acute Alcoholic Liver Injury of Rats

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (16) ◽  
pp. 2887 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing-Yi Qiao ◽  
Han-Wei Li ◽  
Fu-Gang Liu ◽  
Yu-Cheng Li ◽  
Shuo Tian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Injury ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Repeated Administration ◽  
Portulaca Oleracea ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Alcoholic Liver Injury ◽  
Lipid Metabolism Disorder

The present study was envisaged to investigate the chemical constituents and the intervention effects of Portulaca oleracea extract (POE) on acute alcoholic liver injury of rats. The chemical composition of POE was detected by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Sixty male Wistar rats were divided into 6 groups: Normal control (NC) group, acute alcoholic liver injury model group (ALI), low, medium and high dose of POE (25, 50, 100 mg/kg) groups and bifendate (BF, 3.75 mg/kg) group. Each group was given by intragastrical administration for 7 days. Alcoholic liver injury was induced in the experimental model by administering 50% ethanol at 8 mL/kg and repeated administration after 6 h, for a period of 7 days. The results showed that pretreatment with POE significantly reduced the ethanol-elevated serum level of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and triglyceride (TG). The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) in liver were enhanced followed by administration of POE, while the content of nitric oxide (NO) and malondialdehyde (MDA) was found to decrease. Hepatic content of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) was also reduced by POE treatment. These results indicated that POE could increase the antioxidant capacity and relieve the inflammatory injury of the liver cells induced by ethanol. Meanwhile, in our study, POE reduced the expression of miR-122, acetyl coenzyme A carboxylase (ACC) 1 mRNA and protein and increased the expression of lipoprotein lipase (LPL) mRNA and protein in liver, which indicated that POE could improve the lipid metabolism disorder induced by ethanol. Our findings suggested that POE had protective effects on acute alcoholic liver injury of rats.

scholarly journals Regulation of Glial Cell Functions by PPAR- Natural and Synthetic Agonists

PPAR Research ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 2008 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonietta Bernardo ◽  
Luisa Minghetti
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Brain Inflammation ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor ◽  
Cell Functions ◽  
Parkinson’S Diseases ◽  
Ppar Agonists ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

In the recent years, the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor- (PPAR-), a well known target for type II diabetes treatment, has received an increasing attention for its therapeutic potential in inflammatory and degenerative brain disorders. PPAR- agonists, which include naturally occurring compounds (such as long chain fatty acids and the cyclopentenone prostaglandin 15-deoxy prostaglandin ), and synthetic agonists (among which the thiazolidinediones and few nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) have shown anti-inflammatory and protective effects in several experimental models of Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, multiple sclerosis and stroke, as well as in few clinical studies. The pleiotropic effects of PPAR- agonists are likely to be mediated by several mechanisms involving anti-inflammatory activities on peripheral immune cells (macrophages and lymphocytes), as well as direct effects on neural cells including cerebral vascular endothelial cells, neurons, and glia. In the present article, we will review the recent findings supporting a major role for PPAR- agonists in controlling neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration through their activities on glial cells, with a particular emphasis on microglial cells as major macrophage population of the brain parenchyma and main actors in brain inflammation.

Anti-inflammatory and protective effects of saffron extract in ischaemia/reperfusion-induced acute kidney injury

Nephrology ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (10) ◽  
pp. 748-754 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leila Mahmoudzadeh ◽  
Houshang Najafi ◽  
Saeed Changizi Ashtiyani ◽  
Zeynab Mohamadi Yarijani
Keyword(s):  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Ischaemia Reperfusion ◽  
Saffron Extract ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

scholarly journals Resveratrol and Montelukast Alleviate Paraquat-Induced Hepatic Injury in Mice: Modulation of Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Apoptosis

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noha A. El-Boghdady ◽  
Nourtan F. Abdeltawab ◽  
Mohammed M. Nooh
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Liver Injury ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Serum Total Protein ◽  
Stress Markers ◽  
Group I ◽  
Radical Generation ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Induced Apoptosis

Paraquat (PQ) is one of the most used herbicide worldwide. Its cytotoxicity is attributed to reactive radical generation. Resveratrol (Res) and montelukast (MK) have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. The protective effects of Res, MK, or their combination against PQ-induced acute liver injury have not been investigated before. Therefore, we explored the protective potential of Res and/or MK against PQ hepatic toxicity in a mouse model. Mice were randomly assigned to five groups: group I served as the normal control and group II received a single dose of PQ (50 mg/kg, i.p.). Groups III, IV, and V received PQ plus oral Res (5 mg/kg/day), MK (10 mg/kg/day), and Res/MK combination, respectively. Res and/or MK reduced PQ-induced liver injury, evidenced by normalization of serum total protein, ALT, and AST. Res and/or MK significantly reversed PQ-induced oxidative stress markers glutathione and malondialdehyde. Res and/or MK significantly reduced PQ-induced inflammation reflected in TNF-α levels. Furthermore, Res and/or MK reversed PQ-induced apoptosis assessed by differential expression of p53, Bax, and Bcl-2. Histopathologic examination supported the biochemical findings. Although Res and MK displayed antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic activities, their combination was not always synergistic.

scholarly journals Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Dehydroandrographolide by TLR4/NF-κB Signaling Pathway Inhibition in Bile Duct-Ligated Mice

2018 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 1124-1137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhiyong Weng ◽  
Yue Chi ◽  
Jing Xie ◽  
Xuefeng Liu ◽  
Jiehua Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bile Duct ◽  
Liver Injury ◽  
Kupffer Cells ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Bile Duct Proliferation ◽  
Duct Ligation ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Cholestatic Liver Injury ◽  
Lps Binding

Background/Aims: Clinically, biliary obstruction is often accompanied by progressive inflammation. Dehydroandrographolide (DA) possesses anti-inflammatory properties. However, the anti-inflammatory activities of DA in cholestatic liver injury remain unclear. Methods: Mice were administered with DA by intraperitoneal injection after bile duct ligation (BDL) on day 1. Then mice were subjected to an ileocecal vein injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Liver function markers, histology, pro-inflammatory cytokine levels, NF-κB activation and fibrosis formation were evaluated in BDL mice with LPS. LPS binding to primary Kupffer cells was examined by high-content cytometers. Results: DA was shown to greatly lower initially higher than normal levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and total bilirubin (TBIL) in the serum and liver of BDL mice with LPS. DA exerted hepatic protective effects that were also confirmed by prolonged survival of BDL mice with LPS. Liver histopathology showed reduced inflammatory cellular infiltration, bile duct proliferation, and biliary necrosis with DA treatment. Furthermore, DA reduced the expression levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-6 in liver tissue and plasma and showed decreased NF-κB activation in BDL mice with LPS. DA could prevent LPS binding to primary Kupffer cells in the normal liver and BDL mice liver. DA also suppressed LPS-stimulated inflammatory responses by blocking the interaction between LPS and TLR4 in primary Kupffer cells and human LX-2 cells, thereby inhibiting NF-κB activation. Conclusion: DA inhibition of inflammation against liver damage following BDL with LPS may be a promising agent for the treatment of cholestatic liver injury.

scholarly journals Effect of ricinoleic acid in acute and subchronic experimental models of inflammation

2000 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 223-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Celme Vieira ◽  
Stefano Evangelista ◽  
Rocco Cirillo ◽  
Annalisa Lippi ◽  
Carlo Alberto Maggi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ricinoleic Acid ◽  
Topical Application ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Potential Interaction ◽  
Intradermal Injection ◽  
Pharmacological Characterization ◽  
Paw Oedema ◽  
Freund’S Adjuvant ◽  
Freund's Adjuvant ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Observational studies indicate that topical application of ricinoleic acid (RA), the main component of castor oil, exerts remarkable analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects. Pharmacological characterization has shown similarities between the effects of RA and those of capsaicin, suggesting a potential interaction of this drug on sensory neuropeptide-mediated neurogenic inflammation. The aim of this study was to assess RA anti-inflammatory activities in comparison with capsaicin in several models of acute and subchronic inflammation. The acute inflammation was induced by intradermal injection of carrageenan in the mouse or by histamine in the guinea-pig eyelid. In either experiment, the extent of the oedema thickness was measured. Subchronic oedema was induced by complete Freund's adjuvant injection in the ventral right paw of mice. Tissue substance P (SP) was measured in the carrageenan experiments by radioimmunoassay (RIA). It was found that the acute topical application of RA (0.9 mg/mouse) or capsaicin (0.09 mg/mouse) significantly increased the mouse paw oedema induced by carrageenan, while an 8-day repeated topical treatment with the same doses of both compounds resulted in a marked inhibition of carrageenaninduced paw oedema matched by a reduction in SP tissue levels. Similar effects were found against histamine-induced eyelid oedema in guinea-pigs after acute or repeated application of RA or capsaicin. RA and capsaicin given for 1–3 weeks reduced the established oedema induced by Freund's adjuvant, a subchronic model of inflammation, particularly if given by the intradermal route. Either in mouse paw or in guineapig eyelid, capsaicin but not RA by itself produced a slight hyperemia and activation of a behavioural response (e.g. scratching of the eyelids). On the basis of the present results, RA may be seen as a new capsaicin-like, non-pungent anti-inflammatory agent suitable for peripheral application.

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