scholarly journals Daily intake of non-fried potato does not affect markers of glycaemia and is associated with better diet quality compared with refined grains: a randomised, crossover study in healthy adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 123 (9) ◽  
pp. 1032-1042 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. A. Johnston ◽  
K. S. Petersen ◽  
P. M. Kris-Etherton
Keyword(s):  
Crossover Study ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Refined Grains ◽  
Cardiometabolic Diseases ◽  
Side Dish ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Potato Consumption

AbstractEpidemiological studies suggest that consumption of potatoes is associated with increased risk of cardiometabolic diseases. However, few clinical trials have empirically tested this. The aim of this single-blind, randomised, crossover study was to evaluate the effect of daily potato consumption, compared with refined grains, on risk factors for cardiometabolic diseases. It was hypothesised that no difference in cardiometabolic endpoints would be detected between conditions, but diet quality would improve with potato consumption. Healthy participants on self-selected diets received one potato-based side dish or one refined grain-based side dish daily, for 4 weeks, separated by a minimum 2-week break. Dishes were isoenergetic, carbohydrate-matched and prepared without excess saturated fat or Na. Participants were instructed to consume the side dish with a meal in place of carbohydrates habitually consumed. Lipids/lipoproteins, markers of glycaemic control, blood pressure, weight and pulse wave velocity were measured at baseline and condition endpoints. Diet quality was calculated, based on 24-h recalls, using the Healthy Eating Index (HEI)-2015. Fifty adults (female n 34; age 40 (sd 13) years; BMI 24·5 (sd 3·6) kg/m2) completed the present study. No between-condition differences were detected for fasting plasma glucose (–0·05 mmol/l, 95 % CI –0·14, 0·04; P = 0·15), the primary outcome or any other outcomes. Compared with refined grains, the HEI-2015 score (3·5, 95 % CI 0·6, 6·4; P = 0·01), K (547 mg, 95 % CI 331, 764, P < 0·001) and fibre (2·4 g, 95 % CI 0·6, 4·2, P = 0·01) were higher following the potato condition. Consuming non-fried potatoes resulted in higher diet quality, K and fibre intake, without adversely affecting cardiometabolic risk.

scholarly journals Dietary Intake and Diet Quality of Adult Survivors of Childhood Cancer and the General Population: Results from the SCCSS-Nutrition Study

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 1767
Author(s):  
Fabiën N. Belle ◽  
Angeline Chatelan ◽  
Rahel Kasteler ◽  
Luzius Mader ◽  
Idris Guessous ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Childhood Cancer ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
Adult Survivors ◽  
Childhood Cancer Survivors ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Increased Risk

Childhood cancer survivors (CCSs) are at increased risk of developing chronic health conditions. This may potentially be reduced by a balanced diet. We aimed to compare dietary intake and diet quality using the Alternative Healthy Eating Index (AHEI) of adult CCSs and the general Swiss population. A food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) was completed by CCSs with a median age of 34 (IQR: 29–40) years. We compared dietary intake of 775 CCSs to two population-based cohorts who completed the same FFQ: 1276 CoLaus and 2529 Bus Santé study participants. CCSs consumed particular inadequate amounts of fiber and excessive amounts of sodium and saturated fat. Dietary intake was similar in CCSs and the general population. The mean AHEI was low with 49.8 in CCSs (men: 47.7, women: 51.9), 52.3 in CoLaus (men: 50.2, women: 54.0), and 53.7 in Bus Santé (men: 51.8, women: 54.4) out of a maximum score of 110. The AHEI scores for fish, fruit, vegetables, and alcohol were worse in CCSs than in the general population, whereas the score for sugar-sweetened beverages was better (all p < 0.001). Diet quality at follow-up did not differ between clinical characteristics of CCSs. Long-term CCSs and the general population have poor dietary intake and quality in Switzerland, which suggests similar population-based interventions for everyone.

scholarly journals Intake of Potatoes Is Associated with Higher Diet Quality, and Improved Nutrient Intake and Adequacy among US Adolescents: NHANES 2001–2018 Analysis

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 2614
Author(s):  
Sanjiv Agarwal ◽  
Victor L. Fulgoni
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Vitamin K ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Vitamin B6 ◽  
Nutrient Intake ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Recall Data ◽  
Fiber Protein ◽  
Potato Consumption

Potatoes are nutrient rich white vegetables, however, research on their impact on public health is limited. The objective of this study was to provide updated evaluation of the cross-sectional association between potato consumption and diet quality, nutrient intake and adequacy. Twenty-four hour diet recall data from adolescents (n = 16,633; age 9–18 years) were used to assess intakes. Usual intakes of nutrients were determined using the National Cancer Institute method and diet quality was calculated using the Healthy Eating Index-2015 (HEI-2015) after adjusting for demographic factors. Consumers of potatoes (baked or boiled potatoes, mashed potatoes and potato mixtures, fried potatoes, and potato chips) had higher (p < 0.05) HEI-2015 total score and subcomponent scores for total vegetables, total protein foods, and refined grain than non-consumers. Consumers also had higher (p < 0.05) intake of energy, dietary fiber, protein, copper, magnesium, phosphorus, potassium, selenium, sodium, zinc, niacin, vitamin B6, vitamin C, vitamin K and total choline; and higher (p < 0.05) adequacy for protein, copper, magnesium, phosphorus, potassium, zinc, thiamine, niacin, vitamin B6, vitamin C, and vitamin K than non-consumers. In conclusion, adolescent potato consumption was associated with higher diet quality, nutrient intake, and adequacy and therefore encouraging their consumption may be an effective strategy for improving nutritional status.

Abstract P358: Consumption of Better Quality Grain Products and Fat Sources is Associated With the Greatest Increments in Diet Quality for US Adults

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 141 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Valerie Sullivan ◽  
Kristina Petersen ◽  
Victor Fulgoni ◽  
Fulya Eren ◽  
Martha E Cassens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Whole Grains ◽  
Cvd Risk Factors ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Refined Grains ◽  
Acid Ratio ◽  
Total Diet

Introduction: The Healthy Eating Index (HEI)-2015 quantifies alignment with the 2015-2020 Dietary Guidelines for Americans by scoring and totaling 13 components. Higher scores have been associated with lower all-cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality. The contributions of individual components toward total diet quality and associations with health in American adults have not been determined. Hypothesis: It was hypothesized that the individual HEI-2015 components would differentially contribute to total diet quality and correlate with CVD risk factors in U.S. adults. Methods: Non-pregnant, non-lactating adult participants (age 19+ years) in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2001-2016 with at least one reliable 24-hour dietary recall were included in the analysis (n=39,799). Total and component HEI-2015 scores were calculated per person using a single recall. Linear regression models accounting for the complex sampling design were used to assess associations between total and component HEI-2015 scores and CVD risk factors after adjustment for potential confounders. Significance of beta coefficients was defined by p<0.01. Results: Total HEI-2015 score was positively associated with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C; ß±SE, 0.10±0.01 mg/dL) and inversely associated with BMI (-0.05±0 kg/m 2 ), waist circumference (WC; -0.13±0.01 cm), systolic blood pressure (SBP; -0.04±0.01 mmHg), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C; -0.09±0.03 mg/dL), triglycerides (-0.20±0.08 mg/dL), fasting glucose (-0.05±0.02 mg/dL), and insulin (-0.03±0.01 μU/mL). All component scores increased with total score. The Whole Grains and Fatty Acid Ratio components made the greatest contributions (both +0.12 points or 12%) to each one-unit increase in HEI-2015, followed by moderation components Refined Grains and Saturated Fat (both +0.11 or 11%). Increases in the Fatty Acid Ratio score were explained by decreasing saturated fat (-1.67 g/unit, 95% CI: -1.73 to -1.61) and increasing polyunsaturated fat (PUFA; 1.17 g/unit, 95% CI: 1.12, 1.22); increases in monounsaturated fats were relatively small (0.18 g/unit, 95% CI: 0.11 to 0.25). The predominant PUFA was linoleic acid, which increased 1.06 g/unit (95% CI: 1.02 to 1.11). Scores for grain-related components were favorably associated with BMI, WC, SBP and HDL-C; fat quality components were inversely associated with BMI, WC, HDL-C, LDL-C, and triglycerides. Conclusion: Diet quality is favorably associated with several CVD risk factors. Approximately 50% of each 1-point increase in HEI-2015 is related to the quality of grain-based products and fat sources. Choosing whole grains instead of refined grains, and PUFA in place of saturated fats, is associated with improvements in diet quality and cardiovascular health.

scholarly journals Comprehensive Assessment of Diet Quality and Risk of Precursors of Early-Onset Colorectal Cancer

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaobin Zheng ◽  
Jinhee Hur ◽  
Long H Nguyen ◽  
Jie Liu ◽  
Mingyang Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Strong Support ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Malignant Potential ◽  
Poor Diet ◽  
Increased Risk

Abstract Background The role of poor diet quality in the rising incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) diagnosed under age 50 has not been explored. Based on molecular features of early-onset CRC, early-onset adenomas are emerging surrogate endpoints. Methods In a prospective cohort study (Nurses’ Health Study II), we evaluated two empirical dietary patterns (Western and prudent) and three recommendation-based indexes (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension [DASH], Alternative Mediterranean Diet [AMED], and Alternative Healthy Eating Index [AHEI]-2010) with risk of early-onset adenoma overall and by malignant potential (high-risk: ≥1 cm, tubulovillous/villous histology, high-grade dysplasia, or ≥ 3 adenomas), among 29474 women with ≥1 lower endoscopy before age 50 (1991-2011). Multivariable logistic regressions were used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results We documented 1157 early-onset adenomas with 375 of high-risk. Western diet was positively, whereas prudent diet, DASH, AMED, and AHEI-2010 were inversely associated with risk of early-onset adenoma. The associations were largely confined to high-risk adenomas (OR [95% CI] for the highest versus lowest quintile: Western = 1.67 [1.18 to 2.37]; prudent = 0.69 [0.48 to 0.98]; DASH = 0.65 [0.45 to 0.93]; AMED = 0.55 [0.38 to 0.79]; AHEI-2010 = 0.71 [0.51 to 1.01]; all P  trend≤.03), driven by those identified in the distal colon and rectum (all P  trend≤.04 except AMED: Ptrend=.14). Conclusion Poor diet quality was associated with an increased risk of early-onset distal and rectal adenomas of high malignant potential. These findings provide preliminary but strong support to the role of diet in early-onset CRC.

scholarly journals Associations between frequency of food shopping at different store types and diet and weight outcomes: findings from the NEWPATH study

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (12) ◽  
pp. 2268-2277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leia M Minaker ◽  
Dana L Olstad ◽  
Mary E Thompson ◽  
Kim D Raine ◽  
Pat Fisher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diet Quality ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Farmers Markets ◽  
Food Store ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Food Shopping ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Weight Outcomes ◽  
Purchasing Patterns

AbstractObjectiveThe present study aimed to: (i) examine associations between food store patronage and diet and weight-related outcomes; and (ii) explore consumer motivations for visiting different types of food store.DesignA stratified probability sample of residents completed household and individual-level surveys in 2009/2010 on food purchasing patterns and motivations, dietary intake, waist circumference (WC), weight and height. Diet quality was calculated using the Healthy Eating Index for Canada from a subset of participants (n 1362). Generalized estimating equations were created in 2015 to examine how frequency of patronizing different types of food store was associated with diet quality, intake of fruits and vegetable, mean intake of energy (kcal) sodium and saturated fat, WC and BMI.SettingThree mid-sized urban municipalities in Ontario, Canada.SubjectsA representative sample of residents (n 4574).ResultsParticipants who shopped frequently at food co-ops had significantly better diet quality (β=5·3; 99 % CI 0·3, 10·2) than those who did not. BMI and WC were significantly lower among those who frequently shopped at specialty shops (BMI, β=−2·1; 99 % CI −3·0, −1·1; WC, β=−4·8; 99 % CI −7·0, −2·5) and farmers’ markets (BMI, β=−1·4; 99 % CI −2·3, −0·5; WC, β=−3·8; 99 % CI −6·0, −1·6) compared with those who did not. Relative importance of reasons for food outlet selection differed by large (price, food quality) v. small (proximity, convenient hours) shopping trip and by outlet type.ConclusionsFindings contribute to our understanding of food store selection and have implications for potentially relevant retail food intervention settings.

scholarly journals How Much Can Product Reformulation Improve Diet Quality in Households with Children and Adolescents?

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 618 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Muth ◽  
Shawn Karns ◽  
Lisa Mancino ◽  
Jessica Todd
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Caloric Intake ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
Product Categories ◽  
Products Analysis ◽  
Fiber Consumption ◽  
Households With Children

Improvements in the healthfulness of packaged foods and beverages through reformulation could help reduce the prevalence of obesity among children and adolescents through improved diet quality. This study assessed changes in calories and four nutrients (saturated fat, total sugars, sodium, and dietary fiber) from 2012 through 2014 for packaged products frequently consumed by children and adolescents, simulated effects of potential improvements in 12 frequently consumed product categories based on actual purchasing patterns, and compared differences in prices of healthier versus less healthy products. Analysis of trends showed limited evidence that healthfulness of foods improved over the years examined. Simulation results showed minimal changes for calories and sodium, but daily intake of saturated fat could decrease by 4%, sugar consumption could decrease by 5%, and dietary fiber consumption could increase by 11% if products were reformulated to meet an existing healthfulness standard. Using a higher standard, caloric intake could decline by 4%, saturated fat by 6%, sugar by 9%, and sodium by 4%, and dietary fiber could increase by 14%. Healthier versions of most products ranged from an average of 3 to 12 cents more per serving, but not all healthier versions were more costly. Overall, reformulation is a potential avenue for improving diet quality in households with children and adolescents, but price could be a barrier to purchasing healthier products for some households.

scholarly journals Healthy Eating Index: Assessment of the Diet Quality of a Brazilian Elderly Population

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 117863881881884
Author(s):  
Dalila Pinto de Souza Fernandes ◽  
Maria Sônia Lopes Duarte ◽  
Milene Cristine Pessoa ◽  
Sylvia do Carmo Castro Franceschini ◽  
Andréia Queiroz Ribeiro
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Whole Grains ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Global Quality

Background: The food consumption assessment is necessary to monitor elderly’s nutritional status because it allows detecting nutrition deficits and guiding the elaboration of effective conducts. Objective: The objective of this study is to assess the global quality of the elderly’s diet in Viçosa—MG, Brazil. Methods: This is a population-based cross-sectional study, involving noninstitutionalized elderly. Diet quality was assessed through the Brazilian Healthy Eating Index-Revised (BHEI-R) validated to the Brazilian population. Results: The study comprised 620 elderly individuals. The mean total BHEI-R score was 64.28. The worse consumption scores concerned the components Whole grains, Milk and derivatives, Sodium, Total fruit, and Whole fruit. Approximately 82% scored zero (0%) for Whole grains and 67% for Sodium. Men presented significantly lower scores than women, who have presented maximal score in the same items. Women’s scores were not only significantly higher for Total fruit, Whole fruit, Milk and derivatives, but also significantly lower for Saturated fat. Discussion: Most elderly need to improve their diet quality. Strategies heading toward the improvement of diet quality must be priority in policies to health promotion toward the healthy and active aging.

scholarly journals Self-Reported Olfactory Dysfunction and Diet Quality: Findings from the 2011–2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES)

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 4561
Author(s):  
Shristi Rawal ◽  
Valerie B. Duffy ◽  
Lauren Berube ◽  
John E. Hayes ◽  
Ashima K. Kant ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Density ◽  
National Health ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Olfactory Dysfunction ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Nutrition Examination Survey ◽  
Health And Nutrition

We identified associations between self-reported olfactory dysfunction (OD) and dietary attributes in participants aged ≥40 years (n = 6,356) from the nationally representative 2011–2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). The chemosensory questionnaire and 24-hour dietary recalls were administered by trained interviewers. OD was defined as self-report of either smell problems in the last year, worse smell relative to age 25, or perceiving phantom odors. Dietary outcomes included Healthy Eating Index 2015 score (HEI) with adequacy and moderation components (higher scores indicated higher diet quality), dietary diversity, energy density, and intake of major food groups. Survey-weighted linear regression models estimated OD–diet associations, adjusting for socio-demographic, lifestyle, and clinical factors. Adjusted mean difference (95% CI) between those with versus without OD, showed that adults with OD had significantly lower HEI moderation score (−0.67 (−1.22, −0.11)) and diets higher in energy density (0.06 (0.00, 0.11)), and percent energy from saturated fat (0.47 (0.12, 0.81)), total fat (0.96 (0.22, 1.70)), and added sugar (1.00 (0.33, 1.66)). Age and sex-stratified analyses showed that younger females (40–64 years) primarily accounted for the associations with diet quality and total/saturated fat intake. These findings inform dietary screening and recommendations for adults who report OD, including those experiencing transient or persistent smell loss with COVID-19.

scholarly journals Home-delivered Meal-Participants may be at Greater Risk of Malnutrition Without the Meal Program

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-23
Author(s):  
Fayrouz A. Sakr-Ashour ◽  
Edwina Wambogo ◽  
Hee-Jung Song ◽  
Nadine R. Sahyoun
Keyword(s):  
Daily Intake ◽  
Evaluation Study ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Total Quality ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Older Americans ◽  
Dietary Recall ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Objectives: 1) Examine total quality of foods consumed on the day a home-delivered meal (HDM) of the Older Americans Act Nutrition Program (OAANSP) was served, and when a HDM was not served, 2) Estimate proportion of HDM participants and non-participants meeting the daily average recommendations for guidance-based foods and nutrients. Design: cross-sectional study. Participants: Adults aged 67 years and older (n=1227), 620 HDM recipients, and 607 matching non-participants, examined in three groups; 1) meal recipients who received a HDM on the day of the 24-hr dietary recall; 2) no meal-recipients who did not receive a HDM on the day of the recall; and 3) matching HDM non-participants. Setting: Data was obtained from the national 2015-17 Outcomes Evaluation Study of HDM participants in the US. Results: Healthy Eating Index (HEI) -2010 scores of HDM participants were significantly lower on the day the meal was not received compared to when a meal were received (52.5 vs. 63.4, p<0.0001). There was no significant difference in the total HEI-2010 scores of HDM meal-recipients and HDM non-participants. Despite the meal, less than 20% of HDM participants and non-participants met the 2010-Diet Guidelines for Americans (DGA) recommended average daily intake for fruit, vegetables, dairy, protein foods and solid fats. Conclusion: HDM participants’ diet quality is poorer when they do not receive a meal putting them at increased risk of malnutrition. Expanding the OAANSP to offer meals on weekends and/or to include more than one meal per day is recommended to improve the diet of this vulnerable population.

scholarly journals Diet quality from pre-school to school age in Brazilian children: a 4-year follow-up in a randomised control study

2013 ◽  
Vol 111 (3) ◽  
pp. 499-505 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernanda Rauber ◽  
Daniel J. Hoffman ◽  
Márcia Regina Vitolo
Keyword(s):  
Diet Quality ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Control Group ◽  
School Age

A previous study demonstrated that dietary counselling for mothers during the first year of life improved overall diet quality of children at pre-school age in a low-income population. Thus, the objective of the present study was to assess the long-term effect of this intervention on diet quality of children at school age and examine the tracking of dietary intake throughout childhood. The present study was a follow-up of a randomised controlled trial with children who were assessed at 3–4 years (n 345) and 7–8 years (n 307) of age. We collected two 24 h dietary recalls and assessed diet quality using the Healthy Eating Index (HEI). Analyses were performed by group using a paired t test and a Student's t test for independent samples. Diet quality did not differ between the intervention and control groups at 7–8 years of age (HEI score 65·2 (sd 9·5) v. 64·9 (sd 8·5)). Regarding changes in diet quality from pre-school to school age, we observed the tracking of diet quality in the control group and the loss of the intervention effect in the intervention group. In both groups, the score for fruit and milk intake decreased, while that for saturated fat and dietary variety intake increased. The score for the intakes of grains, meat and legumes, and total fat remained constant for all children. The present data provide evidence that diet quality tracks during childhood since the total HEI score did not differ over time in the control group. The decrease in score for some HEI components did not affect the overall diet quality due to the increase in score for other HEI components.

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