Plasma vitamin B12 concentration is positively associated with cognitive development in healthy Danish 3-year-old children; the SKOT cohort studies

Abstract Adequate vitamin B12 and folate concentrations are essential for neural development in early childhood but studies in well-nourished children are lacking. We investigated the relation between plasma vitamin B12 and folate at 9 and 36 months and psychomotor development at 36 months in well-nourished Danish children. Subjects from the SKOT cohorts with vitamin B12 measurement and completed Ages and Stages Questionnaire (ASQ-3) at 36 months were included (n=280). Dietary intake, vitamin B12- and folate concentrations were collected at 9 and 36 months, and ASQ-3 was assessed at 36 months. Associations between vitamin B12 and folate at 9 and 36 months and ASQ-3 were analyzed using regression models. Associations between diet and vitamin B12 were also investigated. No children had insufficient vitamin B12(<148pmol/L) at 36 months. Vitamin B12 at 36 month was positively associated with total ASQ-3 corresponding to an increase of 100 pmol/L vitamin B12 per 1.5 increase in total ASQ-3 score; p=0.019) which remained significant after adjustment for potential confounders including 9 months values. Vitamin B12 at 9 months or folate at any time point was not associated with total ASQ-3. Intake of milk products was associated with vitamin B12 at 36 months (p=0.003) and showed a trend at 9 months (p=0.069). Intake of meat products was not associated with vitamin B12. In conclusion, vitamin B12 was positively related to psychomotor development at 3 years in well-nourished children, indicating that the impact of having marginally low vitamin B12 status on psychomotor development in well-nourished children should be examined further.

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The Film World’s Cooperative Store: Institutions and Films of the 1930s and 1940s

10.3366/edinburgh/9781474424134.003.0005 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

C. Claire Thomson

Keyword(s):

World War Ii ◽

Meat Products ◽

Public Information ◽

Early History ◽

World War ◽

International Context ◽

German Occupation ◽

History Of ◽

The Uk ◽

The Impact

This chapter traces the early history of state-sponsored informational filmmaking in Denmark, emphasising its organisation as a ‘cooperative’ of organisations and government agencies. After an account of the establishment and early development of the agency Dansk Kulturfilm in the 1930s, the chapter considers two of its earliest productions, both process films documenting the manufacture of bricks and meat products. The broader context of documentary in Denmark is fleshed out with an account of the production and reception of Poul Henningsen’s seminal film Danmark (1935), and the international context is accounted for with an overview of the development of state-supported filmmaking in the UK, Italy and Germany. Developments in the funding and output of Dansk Kulturfilm up to World War II are outlined, followed by an account of the impact of the German Occupation of Denmark on domestic informational film. The establishment of the Danish Government Film Committee or Ministeriernes Filmudvalg kick-started aprofessionalisation of state-sponsored filmmaking, and two wartime public information films are briefly analysed as examples of its early output. The chapter concludes with an account of the relations between the Danish Resistance and an emerging generation of documentarists.

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The impact of participant pathways on the effectiveness of a community-based physical activity intervention grounded in motivational interviewing

10.31219/osf.io/2sxc3 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Matthew Wade ◽

Nicola Brown ◽

James Steele ◽

Steven Mann ◽

Bernadette Dancy ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Primary Care ◽

Motivational Interviewing ◽

Social Action ◽

Multilevel Models ◽

Physical Activity Intervention ◽

Mental Wellbeing ◽

Community Based ◽

The Impact ◽

Time Point

Background: Brief advice is recommended to increase physical activity (PA) within primary care. This study assessed change in PA levels and mental wellbeing after a motivational interviewing (MI) community-based PA intervention and the impact of signposting [SP] and Social Action [SA] (i.e. weekly group support) pathways. Methods: Participants (n=2084) took part in a community-based, primary care PA programme using MI techniques. Self-reported PA and mental wellbeing data were collected at baseline (following an initial 30-minute MI appointment), 12-weeks, six-months, and 12-months. Participants were assigned based upon the surgery they attended to the SP or SA pathway. Multilevel models were used to derive point estimates and 95%CIs for outcomes at each time point and change scores. Results: Participants increased PA and mental wellbeing at each follow-up time point through both participant pathways and with little difference between pathways. Retention was similar between pathways at 12-weeks, but the SP pathway retained more participants at six-months and 12-months. Conclusions: Both pathways produced similar improvements in PA and mental wellbeing, suggesting the effectiveness of MI based PA interventions. However, due to lower resources required yet similar effects, SP pathways are recommended over SA to support PA in primary care settings.

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FAKTOR DETERMINAN PENYALURAN KREDIT BANK PERSERO

Journal of Business Economics ◽

10.35760/eb.2018.v23i1.1812 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 23 (1) ◽

pp. 60-71

Author(s):

Wigiyanti Masodah

Keyword(s):

Interest Rate ◽

Linear Regression ◽

Interest Rates ◽

Regression Models ◽

Linear Regression Models ◽

Negative Impacts ◽

Main Activity ◽

The Impact ◽

The Given ◽

Multiple Linear Regression Models

Offering credit is the main activity of a Bank. There are some considerations when a bank offers credit, that includes Interest Rates, Inflation, and NPL. This study aims to find out the impact of Variable Interest Rates, Inflation variables and NPL variables on credit disbursed. The object in this study is state-owned banks. The method of analysis in this study uses multiple linear regression models. The results of the study have shown that Interest Rates and NPL gave some negative impacts on the given credit. Meanwhile, Inflation variable does not have a significant effect on credit given. Keywords: Interest Rate, Inflation, NPL, offered Credit.

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The impact of SPY angiography on intraoperative decision making and outcomes for post-mastectomy reconstruction

Journal of Cancer Science and Therapeutics ◽

10.36879/jcst.19.000109 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 1-5

Keyword(s):

Decision Making ◽

Logistic Regression ◽

Skin Necrosis ◽

Regression Models ◽

Multivariable Analysis ◽

P Value ◽

Flap Necrosis ◽

Single Institution ◽

Logistic Regression Models ◽

The Impact

Objective: While the use of intraoperative laser angiography (SPY) is increasing in mastectomy patients, its impact in the operating room to change the type of reconstruction performed has not been well described. The purpose of this study is to investigate whether SPY angiography influences post-mastectomy reconstruction decisions and outcomes. Methods and materials: A retrospective analysis of mastectomy patients with reconstruction at a single institution was performed from 2015-2017.All patients underwent intraoperative SPY after mastectomy but prior to reconstruction. SPY results were defined as ‘good’, ‘questionable’, ‘bad’, or ‘had skin excised’. Complications within 60 days of surgery were compared between those whose SPY results did not change the type of reconstruction done versus those who did. Preoperative and intraoperative variables were entered into multivariable logistic regression models if significant at the univariate level. A p-value <0.05 was considered significant. Results: 267 mastectomies were identified, 42 underwent a change in the type of planned reconstruction due to intraoperative SPY results. Of the 42 breasts that underwent a change in reconstruction, 6 had a ‘good’ SPY result, 10 ‘questionable’, 25 ‘bad’, and 2 ‘had areas excised’ (p<0.01). After multivariable analysis, predictors of skin necrosis included patients with ‘questionable’ SPY results (p<0.01, OR: 8.1, 95%CI: 2.06 – 32.2) and smokers (p<0.01, OR:5.7, 95%CI: 1.5 – 21.2). Predictors of any complication included a change in reconstruction (p<0.05, OR:4.5, 95%CI: 1.4-14.9) and ‘questionable’ SPY result (p<0.01, OR: 4.4, 95%CI: 1.6-14.9). Conclusion: SPY angiography results strongly influence intraoperative surgical decisions regarding the type of reconstruction performed. Patients most at risk for flap necrosis and complication post-mastectomy are those with questionable SPY results.

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Оrganic Meat Production of Broiler Chickens Hubbard Redbro Cross

International Journal of Veterinary Science ◽

10.37422/ijvs/20.072 ◽

2020 ◽

Keyword(s):

Broiler Chickens ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Animal Health ◽

Meat Products ◽

Poultry Meat ◽

Meat Production ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Environmentally Safe ◽

The Impact

This article presents the results of studying the impact of housing and feeding conditions on broiler chickens of Hubbard RedBro cross, as well as the quality of products obtained when using floor and cage content, in a farm. It established that when receiving a mixed feed of own production using feed raw materials grown on a farm without the use of pesticides, a statistically significant decrease in potentially dangerous substances for animal health is recorded. Compared with factory feed, it has reduced the content of pesticides by 14 times, and mercury and arsenic by 24 times, cadmium by five times, and lead by ten times. The results of the study of economic indicators of growing Hubbard RedBro cross broiler chickens, as well as the chemical composition and quality of carcasses, indicated that there was no significant difference between the floor and cell conditions of keeping. Still, the use of a diet based on eco-feeds contributed to a statistically significant decrease in the concentration of toxic metals in the muscles of the poultry of the experimental groups. As a result, it found that the use of the studied compound feed in the diets of broiler chickens increased the indicators of Biosafety and ensured the production of environmentally safe ("organic") poultry meat products.

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The impact of vitamin B12 deficiency on infant gut microbiota

European Journal of Pediatrics ◽

10.1007/s00431-019-03517-2 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 179 (3) ◽

pp. 385-393 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Perran Boran ◽

Hatice Ezgi Baris ◽

Eda Kepenekli ◽

Can Erzik ◽

Ahmet Soysal ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gut Microbiota ◽

Vitamin B12 ◽

Vitamin B12 Deficiency ◽

B12 Deficiency ◽

The Impact

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Impact of Preharvest and Postharvest on Color Changes during Convective Drying of Mangoes

Foods ◽

10.3390/foods10030490 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. 490

Author(s):

Alioune Diop ◽

Jean–Michel Méot ◽

Mathieu Léchaudel ◽

Frédéric Chiroleu ◽

Nafissatou Diop Ndiaye ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Regression Models ◽

Convective Drying ◽

Color Changes ◽

Ripening Time ◽

Physico Chemical ◽

C 30 ◽

The Impact

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of the harvest stage, ripening conditions and maturity on color changes of cv. ‘Cogshall’ and cv. ‘Kent’ variety mangoes during drying. A total of four harvests were undertaken, and the fruits were ripened at 20 and 35 °C for five different ripening times at each temperature. At each ripening time, mangoes were dried at 60 °C/30% RH/1.5 m/s for 5 h. A wide physico-chemical and color variability of fresh and dry pulp was created. The relationships according to the L*, H* and C* coordinates were established using mixed covariance regression models in relation to the above pre- and postharvest (preprocess) parameters. According to the L* coordinate results, browning during drying was not affected by the preprocess parameters. However, dried slices from mangoes ripened at 35 °C exhibited better retention of the initial chroma, and had a greater decrease in hue than dried slices from mangoes ripened at 20 °C. However, fresh mango color, successfully managed by the pre- and postharvest conditions, had more impact on dried mango color than the studied parameters. The preprocess parameters were effective levers for improving fresh mango color, and consequently dried mango color.

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The Impact of Weather and Seasons on Falls and Physical Activity among Older Adults with Glaucoma: A Longitudinal Prospective Cohort Study

Sensors ◽

10.3390/s21103415 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (10) ◽

pp. 3415

Author(s):

Hursuong Vongsachang ◽

Aleksandra Mihailovic ◽

Jian-Yu E ◽

David S. Friedman ◽

Sheila K. West ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Older Adults ◽

Fall Prevention ◽

Regression Models ◽

Activity Promotion ◽

Injurious Fall ◽

Multivariable Regression ◽

Multivariable Regression Models ◽

The Impact ◽

The Relationship

Understanding periods of the year associated with higher risk for falling and less physical activity may guide fall prevention and activity promotion for older adults. We examined the relationship between weather and seasons on falls and physical activity in a three-year cohort of older adults with glaucoma. Participants recorded falls information via monthly calendars and participated in four one-week accelerometer trials (baseline and per study year). Across 240 participants, there were 406 falls recorded over 7569 person-months, of which 163 were injurious (40%). In separate multivariable regression models incorporating generalized estimating equations, temperature, precipitation, and seasons were not significantly associated with the odds of falling, average daily steps, or average daily active minutes. However, every 10 °C increase in average daily temperature was associated with 24% higher odds of a fall being injurious, as opposed to non-injurious (p = 0.04). The odds of an injurious fall occurring outdoors, as opposed to indoors, were greater with higher average temperatures (OR per 10 °C = 1.46, p = 0.03) and with the summer season (OR = 2.69 vs. winter, p = 0.03). Falls and physical activity should be understood as year-round issues for older adults, although the likelihood of injury and the location of fall-related injuries may change with warmer season and temperatures.

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Non-Parametric Generalized Additive Models as a Tool for Evaluating Policy Interventions

Mathematics ◽

10.3390/math9040299 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (4) ◽

pp. 299

Author(s):

Jaime Pinilla ◽

Miguel Negrín

Keyword(s):

Linear Regression ◽

Regression Models ◽

Linear Trend ◽

Generalized Additive Models ◽

Additive Models ◽

Linear Regression Models ◽

Non Linear ◽

Nonlinear Trends ◽

The Impact ◽

Non Parametric

The interrupted time series analysis is a quasi-experimental design used to evaluate the effectiveness of an intervention. Segmented linear regression models have been the most used models to carry out this analysis. However, they assume a linear trend that may not be appropriate in many situations. In this paper, we show how generalized additive models (GAMs), a non-parametric regression-based method, can be useful to accommodate nonlinear trends. An analysis with simulated data is carried out to assess the performance of both models. Data were simulated from linear and non-linear (quadratic and cubic) functions. The results of this analysis show how GAMs improve on segmented linear regression models when the trend is non-linear, but they also show a good performance when the trend is linear. A real-life application where the impact of the 2012 Spanish cost-sharing reforms on pharmaceutical prescription is also analyzed. Seasonality and an indicator variable for the stockpiling effect are included as explanatory variables. The segmented linear regression model shows good fit of the data. However, the GAM concludes that the hypothesis of linear trend is rejected. The estimated level shift is similar for both models but the cumulative absolute effect on the number of prescriptions is lower in GAM.

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Assessing the Energy Resilience of Office Buildings: Development and Testing of a Simplified Metric for Real Estate Stakeholders

Buildings ◽

10.3390/buildings11030096 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 96

Author(s):

Paul Mathew ◽

Lino Sanchez ◽

Sang Hoon Lee ◽

Travis Walter

Keyword(s):

Regression Models ◽

Health And Safety ◽

Office Buildings ◽

Extreme Weather Events ◽

Economic Losses ◽

Power Outage ◽

Continuity Of Operations ◽

Quasi Monte Carlo ◽

Building Characteristics ◽

The Impact

Increasing concern over higher frequency extreme weather events is driving a push towards a more resilient built environment. In recent years there has been growing interest in understanding how to evaluate, measure, and improve building energy resilience, i.e., the ability of a building to provide energy-related services in the event of a local or regional power outage. In addition to human health and safety, many stakeholders are keenly interested in the ability of a building to allow continuity of operations and minimize business disruption. Office buildings are subject to significant economic losses when building operations are disrupted due to a power outage. We propose “occupant hours lost” (OHL) as a means to measure the business productivity lost as the result of a power outage in office buildings. OHL is determined based on indoor conditions in each space for each hour during a power outage, and then aggregated spatially and temporally to determine the whole building OHL. We used quasi-Monte Carlo parametric energy simulations to demonstrate how the OHL metric varies due to different building characteristics across different climate zones and seasons. The simulation dataset was then used to develop simple regression models for assessing the impact of ten key building characteristics on OHL. The most impactful were window-to-wall ratio and window characteristics. The regression models show promise as a simple means to assess and screen for resilience using basic building characteristics, especially for non-critical facilities where it may not be viable to conduct detailed engineering analysis.

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