Characterization of three heat shock protein 70 genes from Liriomyza trifolii and expression during thermal stress and insect development

2018 ◽  
Vol 109 (2) ◽  
pp. 150-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y.-W. Chang ◽  
X.-X. Zhang ◽  
J.-Y. Chen ◽  
M.-X. Lu ◽  
W.-R. Gong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stress ◽  
Heat Shock ◽  
Temperature Stress ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Functional Differentiation ◽  
Invasive Pest ◽  
Liriomyza Trifolii ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Insect Development ◽  
Development Stages

AbstractHeat shock proteins (HSPs) participate in diverse physiological processes in insects, and HSP70 is one of the most highly conserved proteins in the HSP family. In this study, full-length cDNAs of three HSP70 genes (Lthsc70, Lthsp701, and Lthsp702) were cloned and characterized from Liriomyza trifolii, an important invasive pest of vegetable crops and horticultural crops worldwide. These three HSP70s exhibited signature sequences and motifs that are typical of the HSP70 family. The expression patterns of the three Lthsp70s during temperature stress and in different insect development stages were studied by real-time quantitative PCR. Lthsp701 was strongly induced by high- and low-temperature stress, but Lthsc70 and Lthsp702 were not very sensitive to temperature changes. All three Lthsp70s were expressed during insect development stages, but the expression patterns were quite different. The expression of Lthsc70 and Lthsp702 showed significant differences in expression during leafminer development; Lthsc70 was most highly expressed in female adults, whereas Lthsp702 was abundantly expressed in larvae and prepupae. Lthsp701 expression was not significantly different among leafminer stages. These results suggest that functional differentiation within the LtHSP70 subfamily has occurred in response to thermal stress and insect development.

scholarly journals Molecular Cloning and Characterization of Small Heat Shock Protein Genes in the Invasive Leaf Miner Fly, Liriomyza trifolii

Genes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 775 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chang ◽  
Zhang ◽  
Lu ◽  
Du ◽  
Zhu-Salzman
Keyword(s):  
Heat Shock ◽  
Thermal Stresses ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Small Heat Shock Protein ◽  
Leaf Miner ◽  
Liriomyza Trifolii ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Adaptation To Climate Change ◽  
Shock Proteins

Small heat shock proteins (sHSPs) comprise numerous proteins with diverse structure and function. As molecular chaperones, they play essential roles in various biological processes, especially under thermal stresses. In this study, we identified three sHSP-encoding genes, LtHSP19.5, LtHSP20.8 and LtHSP21.7b from Liriomyza trifolii, an important insect pest of ornamental and vegetable crops worldwide. Putative proteins encoded by these genes all contain a conserved α-crystallin domain that is typical of the sHSP family. Their expression patterns during temperature stresses and at different insect development stages were studied by reverse-transcription quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). In addition, the expression patterns were compared with those of LtHSP21.3 and LtHSP21.7, two previously published sHSPs. When pupae were exposed to temperatures ranging from -20 to 45 °C for 1 h, all LtsHSPs were strongly induced by either heat or cold stresses, but the magnitude was lower under the low temperature range than high temperatures. Developmentally regulated differential expression was also detected, with pupae and prepupae featuring the highest expression of sHSPs. Results suggest that LtsHSPs play a role in the development of the invasive leaf miner fly and may facilitate insect adaptation to climate change.

scholarly journals Identifications, Characteristics, and Expression Patterns of Small Heat Shock Protein Genes in a Major Mulberry Pest, Glyphodes pyloalis (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Chu ◽  
De-lei Jiang ◽  
Meng-wen Yan ◽  
Yi- jiangcheng Li ◽  
Jun Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Shock ◽  
Integrated Management ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Small Heat Shock Protein ◽  
Peak Level ◽  
Functional Differentiation ◽  
Open Reading Frames ◽  
Amino Acid Residues ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
Glyphodes Pyloalis

Abstract Six candidate sHSP genes were identified from the Glyphodes pyloalis transcriptome. All sHSP genes included full-length open reading frames and shared high similarity with the sequences of other lepidopteran species. These sHSP genes encoded 175–191 amino acid residues, and the predicted proteins had a molecular weight from 19.5 to 21.8 kDa. All GpsHSPs were expressed at lower levels at larval stages. All GpsHSPs were expressed at higher levels at diapaused, prepupal, or pupal stages, suggesting that sHSPs may be involved in metamorphosis in G. pyloalis. In addition to the developmental stage, extreme temperatures can induce variations in the expression of sHSPs genes. All GpsHSPs were significantly upregulated in larvae following exposure to heat shock, except GpHSP21.4 which downregulated at 4 h following exposure to the cold shock treatment. Furthermore, Starvation influenced the expression patterns of GpsHSPs as a function of the duration of food deprivation. Four GpsHSPs increased their expression with time of starvation until reaching to the peak level at 6 d of starvation. Finally, parasitism by the endoparasitoid Aulacocentrum confusum He et van Achterberg (Hymenoptera: Braconidae)-induced fluctuations in the expression of all GpsHSPs, and the expression varied with time after parasitization. Our results from this study strongly suggest functional differentiation within the sHSPs subfamily in G. pyloalis. The present study would provide further insight into the roles of sHSPs in G. pyloalis and novel avenues for promoting integrated management of this pest.

scholarly journals Characterization of genes encoding small heat shock proteins from Bemisia tabaci and expression under thermal stress

PeerJ ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. e6992 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Bai ◽  
Xiao-Na Liu ◽  
Ming-Xing Lu ◽  
Yu-Zhou Du
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stress ◽  
Heat Shock ◽  
Heat Shock Proteins ◽  
Temperature Stress ◽  
Bemisia Tabaci ◽  
Stress Proteins ◽  
Plant Viruses ◽  
Small Heat Shock Proteins ◽  
Amino Acid Sequences ◽  
Shock Proteins

Small heat shock proteins (sHSPs) are probably the most diverse in structure and function among the various super-families of stress proteins, and they play essential roles in various biological processes. The sweet potato whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius), feeds in the phloem, transmits several plant viruses, and is an important pest on cotton, vegetables and ornamentals. In this research, we isolated and characterized three α-crystallin/sHSP family genes (Bthsp19.5, Bthsp19.2, and Bthsp21.3) from Bemisia tabaci. The three cDNAs encoded proteins of 171, 169, and 189 amino acids with calculated molecular weights of 19.5, 19.2, and 21.3 kDa and isoelectric points of 6.1, 6.2, and 6.0, respectively. The deduced amino acid sequences of the three genes showed strong similarity to sHSPs identified in Hemiptera and Thysanoptera insects species. All three sHSPs genes from Bemisia tabaci lacked introns. Quantitative real-time PCR analyses revealed that the three BtsHSPs genes were significantly up-regulated in Bemisia tabaci adults and pupae during high temperature stress (39, 41, 43, and 45 °C) but not in response to cold temperature stress (−6, −8, −10, and −12 °C). The expression levels of Bthsp19.2 and Bthsp21.3 in pupae was higher than adults in response to heat stress, while the expression level of Bthsp19.5 in adults was higher than pupae. In conclusion, this research results show that the sHSP genes of Bemisia tabaci had shown differential expression changes under thermal stress.

scholarly journals Transcriptome analysis reveals gene expression differences in Liriomyza trifolii exposed to combined heat and abamectin exposure

PeerJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e12064
Author(s):  
Yu-Cheng Wang ◽  
Ya-Wen Chang ◽  
Yu-Zhou Du
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Enrichment Analysis ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Invasive Pest ◽  
Liriomyza Trifolii ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Post Translational Modification ◽  
Kegg Pathways ◽  
Hot Weather ◽  
Multiple Species

Liriomyza trifolii is an invasive pest of horticultural and vegetable crops that possesses robust competitive advantages that enable it to replace closely-related species. High temperatures often occur concomitantly with insecticide usage during L. trifolii outbreaks. In this study, we compared the transcriptomes of L. trifolii exposed to high temperature (40 °C T40), insecticide (LC50 of technical grade abamectin, I50) and combined high temperature and abamectin exposure (IT5040, I50 followed by T40; and TI4050, T40 followed by I50). RNA-seq generated and revealed 44,633 unigenes with annotation data; these were compared with COG and KEGG databases for functional classification and enrichment analysis. Compared with the I50 treatment, COG classification indicated that ‘post-translational modification, protein turnover, chaperones’ was enriched in the IT5040 treatment. In the TI4050 treatment, ‘carbohydrate transport and metabolism’ was the most abundant group. The most enriched KEGG pathways in the TI4050 and IT5040 treatments were ‘longevity regulating pathway - multiple species’ and ‘protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum’, respectively. Subsequent annotation and enrichment analyses indicated that stress-related genes such as CYP450s and HSPs were differentially expressed in the I50 vs. TI4050 or I50 vs. IT5040 treatment groups. Three commercial insecticide formulations were also used to further verify the expression of selected differentially-expressed genes. This study will be conductive to consider the temperature effect on insecticide tolerance in L. trifolii, and provides a framework for improving the application efficiency of insecticides in hot weather, which will ultimately reduce the overuse of pesticides.

scholarly journals Cloning of a new HSP70 gene from western flowerthrips, Frankliniella occidentalis, and expression patterns during thermal stress

PeerJ ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. e7687 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao-xiang Zhang ◽  
Jing Qin ◽  
Jia-Wen Yuan ◽  
Ming-Xing Lu ◽  
Yu-Zhou Du
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stress ◽  
Thermal Tolerance ◽  
Frankliniella Occidentalis ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Invasive Pest ◽  
Hsp70 Gene ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Gene Encoding ◽  
Agronomic Crops ◽  
New Gene

Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) is an invasive pest that endangers a wide variety of horticultural and agronomic crops. HSP70 is the most important member of the heat shock protein (HSP) family and plays an important role in insect thermal tolerance. In this study, a new gene encoding HSP70 from F. occidentalis, Fohsp706, was selected from the F. occidentalis transcriptome exposed to thermal stress (40 °C) and cloned by RT-PCR and RACE. Further characterization indicated that Fohsp706 localizes to the cytoplasm and does not contain introns. Quantitative real-time reverse transcriptase PCR indicated that Fohsp706 expression was significantly up-regulated by thermal stress; furthermore, there were significant differences in Fohsp706 expression in adults and second instar nymphs after heat stress. Our results indicated that Fohsp706 contributes to thermotolerance in F. occidentalis and provides another example of how this pest adapts to unfavorable environmental conditions.

Extracellular Proteins as Enterobacterial Thermometers

2003 ◽  
Vol 86 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 139-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robin J. Rowbury
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stress ◽  
Heat Shock ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Direct Evidence ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Extracellular Proteins ◽  
Temperature Changes ◽  
Induction Components ◽  
Cellular Components ◽  
Thermal Stimuli

Biological thermometers are cellular components or structures which sense increasing temperatures, interaction of the thermometer and the thermal stress bringing about the switching-on of inducible responses, with gradually enhanced levels of response induction following gradually increasing temperatures. In enterobacteria, for studies of such thermometers, generally induction of heat shock protein (HSP) synthesis has been examined, with experimental studies aiming to establish (often indirectly) how the temperature changes which initiate HSP synthesis are sensed; numerous other processes and responses show graded induction as temperature is increased, and how the temperature changes which induce these are sensed is also of interest. Several classes of intracellular component and structure have been proposed as enterobacterial thermometers, with the ribosome and the DnaK chaperone being the most favoured, although for many of the proposed intracellular thermometers, most of the evidence for their functioning in this way is indirect. In contrast to the above, the studies reviewed here firmly establish that for four distinct stress responses, which are switched-on gradually as temperature increases, temperature changes are sensed by extracellular components (extracellular sensing components, ESCs) i.e. there is firm and direct evidence for the occurrence of extracellular thermometers. All four thermometers described here are proteins, which appear to be distinct and different from each other, and on sensing thermal stress are activated by it to four distinct extracellular induction components (EICs), which interact with receptors on the surface of organisms to induce the appropriate responses. It is predicted that many other temperature-induced processes, including the synthesis of HSPs, will be switched-on following the activation of similar extracellular thermometers by thermal stimuli.

Insights into the heat-responsive transcriptional network of tomato contrasting genotypes

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-57
Author(s):  
Sirine Werghi ◽  
Charfeddine Gharsallah ◽  
Nishi Kant Bhardwaj ◽  
Hatem Fakhfakh ◽  
Faten Gorsane
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Heat Shock ◽  
Candidate Genes ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Response Strategies ◽  
Transcriptional Reprogramming ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
Breeding Programmes ◽  
Gene Transcripts ◽  
Resource Data

AbstractDuring recent decades, global warming has intensified, altering crop growth, development and survival. To overcome changes in their environment, plants undergo transcriptional reprogramming to activate stress response strategies/pathways. To evaluate the genetic bases of the response to heat stress, Conserved DNA-derived Polymorphism (CDDP) markers were applied across tomato genome of eight cultivars. Despite scattered genotypes, cluster analysis allowed two neighbouring panels to be discriminate. Tomato CDDP-genotypic and visual phenotypic assortment permitted the selection of two contrasting heat-tolerant and heat-sensitive cultivars. Further analysis explored differential expression in transcript levels of genes, encoding heat shock transcription factors (HSFs, HsfA1, HsfA2, HsfB1), members of the heat shock protein (HSP) family (HSP101, HSP17, HSP90) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) enzymes (APX1, APX2). Based on discriminating CDDP-markers, a protein functional network was built allowing prediction of candidate genes and their regulating miRNA. Expression patterns analysis revealed that miR156d and miR397 were heat-responsive showing a typical inverse relation with the abundance of their target gene transcripts. Heat stress is inducing a set of candidate genes, whose expression seems to be modulated through a complex regulatory network. Integrating genetic resource data is required for identifying valuable tomato genotypes that can be considered in marker-assisted breeding programmes to improve tomato heat tolerance.

scholarly journals A Comparative Perspective on Functionally-Related, Intracellular Calcium Channels: The Insect Ryanodine and Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate Receptors

Biomolecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1031
Author(s):  
Umut Toprak ◽  
Cansu Doğan ◽  
Dwayne Hegedus
Keyword(s):  
Pest Control ◽  
Structural Organization ◽  
Insect Cells ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Regulatory Mechanisms ◽  
Comparative Approach ◽  
Insect Development ◽  
Current Review ◽  
Inositol 1,4,5 Trisphosphate ◽  
Target Sites

Calcium (Ca2+) homeostasis is vital for insect development and metabolism, and the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a major intracellular reservoir for Ca2+. The inositol 1,4,5- triphosphate receptor (IP3R) and ryanodine receptor (RyR) are large homotetrameric channels associated with the ER and serve as two major actors in ER-derived Ca2+ supply. Most of the knowledge on these receptors derives from mammalian systems that possess three genes for each receptor. These studies have inspired work on synonymous receptors in insects, which encode a single IP3R and RyR. In the current review, we focus on a fundamental, common question: “why do insect cells possess two Ca2+ channel receptors in the ER?”. Through a comparative approach, this review covers the discovery of RyRs and IP3Rs, examines their structures/functions, the pathways that they interact with, and their potential as target sites in pest control. Although insects RyRs and IP3Rs share structural similarities, they are phylogenetically distinct, have their own structural organization, regulatory mechanisms, and expression patterns, which explains their functional distinction. Nevertheless, both have great potential as target sites in pest control, with RyRs currently being targeted by commercial insecticide, the diamides.

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