SPOT image data as an aid to structural mapping in the southern Aravalli Hills of Rajasthan, India

1990 ◽  
Vol 127 (3) ◽  
pp. 195-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. A. Drury
Keyword(s):  
Image Data ◽  
Geological Mapping ◽  
Aerial Photographs ◽  
Structural Mapping ◽  
Remote Areas ◽  
Rugged Terrain ◽  
Geological Maps ◽  
Spot Image ◽  
High Level ◽  
Lithological Discrimination

AbstractThe 10 to 20 m resolution of SPOT image data, together with their potential for stereoscopic viewing, provides an excellent base for geological mapping inremote and rugged terrain that is akin to high-level aerial photographs. Their large format (60 × 60 km) also gives the advantage of synoptic coverage that ranks with images from the Landsat series of satellites. Use of stereo pairs of single-band SPOT images has enabled some revision of existing geological maps of the southern Aravalli Hills in Rajasthan at a scale of 1:100000, and has added significantly to knowledge of their complex mid-Proterozoic structure. In particular, many possibly early low-angled faults have been discovered, together with the tectonic nature of a major terrain boundary and much detail of intricate structures has been added in the more remote areas. The potentialfor lithological discrimination of multispectral SPOT data is severely limited by its restricted coverage of geologically important spectral features, and it is far surpassed by that of Landsat Thematic Mapper data, which would have been capable of more comprehensive lithofacies reconnaissance, had they been available.

scholarly journals Symmetry perception with spiking neural networks

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan K. George ◽  
Cesare Soci ◽  
Mario Miscuglio ◽  
Volker J. Sorger
Keyword(s):  
Neural Networks ◽  
Mirror Symmetry ◽  
Satellite Image ◽  
Image Data ◽  
Coincidence Detection ◽  
Spiking Neural Networks ◽  
Feed Forward Neural Network ◽  
Neuromorphic Computing ◽  
Symmetry Perception ◽  
High Level

AbstractMirror symmetry is an abundant feature in both nature and technology. Its successful detection is critical for perception procedures based on visual stimuli and requires organizational processes. Neuromorphic computing, utilizing brain-mimicked networks, could be a technology-solution providing such perceptual organization functionality, and furthermore has made tremendous advances in computing efficiency by applying a spiking model of information. Spiking models inherently maximize efficiency in noisy environments by placing the energy of the signal in a minimal time. However, many neuromorphic computing models ignore time delay between nodes, choosing instead to approximate connections between neurons as instantaneous weighting. With this assumption, many complex time interactions of spiking neurons are lost. Here, we show that the coincidence detection property of a spiking-based feed-forward neural network enables mirror symmetry. Testing this algorithm exemplary on geospatial satellite image data sets reveals how symmetry density enables automated recognition of man-made structures over vegetation. We further demonstrate that the addition of noise improves feature detectability of an image through coincidence point generation. The ability to obtain mirror symmetry from spiking neural networks can be a powerful tool for applications in image-based rendering, computer graphics, robotics, photo interpretation, image retrieval, video analysis and annotation, multi-media and may help accelerating the brain-machine interconnection. More importantly it enables a technology pathway in bridging the gap between the low-level incoming sensor stimuli and high-level interpretation of these inputs as recognized objects and scenes in the world.

Volcanoes geological mapping and structural geology with UAS High Resolution Digital Terrain Model : the Kuei-Shan Tao case example (Eastern Taiwan).

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benoit Deffontaines ◽  
Kuo-Jen Chang ◽  
Samuel Magalhaes ◽  
Gérardo Fortunato
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Okinawa Trough ◽  
Volcanic Rocks ◽  
Digital Terrain Model ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Geological Mapping ◽  
Lava Flows ◽  
Aerial Photographs ◽  
Structural Scheme

<p>Volcanic areas in the World are often difficult to map especially in a structural point of view as (1) fault planes are generally covered and filled by more recent lava flows and (2) volcanic rocks have very few tectonic striations. Kuei-Shan Tao (11km from Ilan Plain – NE Taiwan) is a volcanic island, located at the soutwestern tip of the South Okinawa trough (SWOT). Two incompatible geological maps had been already published both lacking faults and structural features (Hsu, 1963 and Chiu et al., 2010). We propose herein not only to up-date the Kuei-Shan Tao geological map with our high resolution dataset, but also to create the Kuei-Shan Tao structural scheme in order to better understand its geological and tectonic history.</p><p>Consequently, we first acquired aerial photographs from our UAS survey and get our new UAS high resolution DTM (HR UAS-DTM hereafter) with a ground resolution <10cm processed through classical photogrammetric methods. Taking into account common sense geomorphic and structural interpretation and reasoning deduced form our HR UAS-DTM, and the outcropping lithologies situated all along the shoreline, we have up-dated the Kuei-Shan Tao geological mapping and its major structures. To conclude, the lithologies (andesitic lava flows and pyroclastic falls) and the new structural scheme lead us to propose a scenario for both the construction as well as the dismantling of Kuei-Shan Tao which are keys for both geology and geodynamics of the SWOT.</p>

scholarly journals An Automatic Feature Extraction Approach to Image Classification Using Genetic Programming

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Bi ◽  
Bing Xue ◽  
Mengjie Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Feature Extraction ◽  
Genetic Programming ◽  
Image Classification ◽  
Image Data ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Automatic Feature Extraction ◽  
Terminal Set ◽  
Comparable Performance ◽  
International Publishing ◽  
High Level

© Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer Nature 2018. Feature extraction is an essential process for image data dimensionality reduction and classification. However, feature extraction is very difficult and often requires human intervention. Genetic Programming (GP) can achieve automatic feature extraction and image classification but the majority of existing methods extract low-level features from raw images without any image-related operations. Furthermore, the work on the combination of image-related operators/descriptors in GP for feature extraction and image classification is limited. This paper proposes a multi-layer GP approach (MLGP) to performing automatic high-level feature extraction and classification. A new program structure, a new function set including a number of image operators/descriptors and two region detectors, and a new terminal set are designed in this approach. The performance of the proposed method is examined on six different data sets of varying difficulty and compared with five GP based methods and 42 traditional image classification methods. Experimental results show that the proposed method achieves better or comparable performance than these baseline methods. Further analysis on the example programs evolved by the proposed MLGP method reveals the good interpretability of MLGP and gives insight into how this method can effectively extract high-level features for image classification.

scholarly journals MRtrix3: A fast, flexible and open software framework for medical image processing and visualisation

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
J-Donald Tournier ◽  
Robert Smith ◽  
David Raffelt ◽  
Rami Tabbara ◽  
Thijs Dhollander ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Image Processing ◽  
Medical Image ◽  
Medical Image Processing ◽  
Image Data ◽  
Data Access ◽  
General Purpose ◽  
Computational Performance ◽  
Cross Platform ◽  
High Level ◽  
New Applications

AbstractMRtrix3 is an open-source, cross-platform software package for medical image processing, analysis and visualization, with a particular emphasis on the investigation of the brain using diffusion MRI. It is implemented using a fast, modular and flexible general-purpose code framework for image data access and manipulation, enabling efficient development of new applications, whilst retaining high computational performance and a consistent command-line interface between applications. In this article, we provide a high-level overview of the features of the MRtrix3 framework and general-purpose image processing applications provided with the software.

State geological mapping and domestic geographic information systems. Why import substitution is stalled in geology

2021 ◽  
pp. 14-20
Author(s):  
Viktor Spiridonov ◽  
Mikhail Finkel'shtein
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
Geographic Information Systems ◽  
Import Substitution ◽  
Geographic Information ◽  
Geological Mapping ◽  
Digital Models ◽  
Geoinformation Systems ◽  
Current State ◽  
Geological Maps

The issues of import substitution of geoinformation systems used in the geological industry when creating sets of State geological maps of the scale of 1:1,000,000 and 1:200,000 are considered. The current state of the issue is described. Additional functionality is indicated, which is necessary for the construction and preparation for publication of digital models of the maps of the set. Examples of domestic GIS are given, which can replace the foreign analogues in use. The problems and difficulties arising in this case were revealed. The ways of their solution are suggested.

Glacier changes since the Little Ice Age maximum in the western Qilian Shan, northwest China, and consequences of glacier runoff for water supply

2003 ◽  
Vol 49 (164) ◽  
pp. 117-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liu Shiyin ◽  
Sun Wenxin ◽  
Shen Yongping ◽  
Li Gang
Keyword(s):  
Little Ice Age ◽  
Image Data ◽  
Northwest China ◽  
Ice Age ◽  
Aerial Photographs ◽  
Equilibrium Line Altitude ◽  
North West ◽  
Glacier Changes ◽  
Glacier Runoff ◽  
Topographical Maps

AbstractBased on aerial photographs, topographical maps and the Landsat-5 image data, we have analyzed fluctuations of glaciers in the western Qilian Shan, north-west China, from the Little Ice Age (LIA) to 1990. The areas and volumes of glaciers in the whole considered region decreased 15% and 18%, respectively, from the LIA maximum to 1956. This trend of glacier shrinkage continued and accelerated between 1956 and 1990. These latest decreases in area and volume were about 10% in 34 years. The recent shrinkage may be due either to a combination of higher temperatures and lower precipitation during the period 1956–66, or to continuous warming in the high glacierized mountains from 1956 to 1990. As a consequence, glacier runoff from ice wastage between 1956 and 1990 has increased river runoff by 6.2 km3 in the four river basins under consideration. Besides, the equilibrium-line altitude (ELA) rise estimated from the mean terminus retreat of small glaciers <1 km long is 46 m, which corresponds to a 0.3°C increase of mean temperatures in warm seasons from the LIA to the 1950s.

scholarly journals Tectonic control on the distribution of onshore mud volcanoes in parts of the Upper Benue Trough, northeastern Nigeria.

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-45
Author(s):  
Ojochenemi K. Musa ◽  
Ewa E. Kurowska ◽  
Krzysztof Schoeneich ◽  
Solomon A. Alagbe ◽  
Jeremiah Ayok
Keyword(s):  
Structural Features ◽  
Fault Zones ◽  
Geological Mapping ◽  
Aerial Photographs ◽  
Mud Volcano ◽  
Tectonic Activity ◽  
Field Observations ◽  
Mud Volcanoes ◽  
Benue Trough ◽  
Clastic Rocks

Abstract Onshore mud volcanoes are rare geological phenomena, which in Nigeria were reported for the first time few years ago in the Upper Benue Trough. In this study a detail geological mapping of the area of mud volcanoes occurrence was carried out, with the primary aim of defining their relationship, if any, to the structural geology there. The systematic field reconnaissance included field observations of the structural features, as well as analysis of the location and distribution of the onshore mud volcanoes, marking their locations on the topographic and geological maps, analysis of the aerial photographs and satellite images. The study area covered the central part of the Upper Benue Trough where the onshore mud volcanoes were found. The study area is the part of a sedimentary basin comprising Cretaceous clastic rocks that have been deformed intensively by a network of faults often embedded in the underlying Precambrian basement. This network of faults underwent a rejuvenation period from the Aptian to the Palaeocene. The most prominent tectonic structure in the study area is the NE – SW trending Kaltungo Fault Zone, however, there are other minor faults with N – S and NW – SE trends. This study shows that the mud volcanoes found in the study area are usually located near or within fault zones, within the outcropping Upper Cretaceous Yolde Formation and Upper Bima Sandstone, both of which were deformed by the Kaltungo faults, as well as by other minor faults. Worldwide, incidences of onshore mud volcano formation are usually attributed to areas of tectonic activity, rapid sedimentation or hydrocarbon occurrence. In this study, the interpretation of the field observations and mapping results, combined with information on the structural evolution of the study area and seismic pattern (very scarce), have led to the conclusion that the location of onshore mud volcanoes in the Upper Benue Trough, being located along the fault zones, is structurally controlled. The close relationship between mud volcano location and the structural framework of the area may be interpreted as one of several possible subsurface geological responses to present tectonic activity.

scholarly journals KERUSAKAN LAHAN AKIBAT KEGIATAN PENAMBANGAN EMAS TANPA IZIN DISEKITAR SUNGAI SINGINGI KABUPATEN KUANTAN SINGINGI

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mailendra Mailendra ◽  
Imam Buchori
Keyword(s):  
Gold Mining ◽  
Image Data ◽  
Google Earth ◽  
Landsat 8 ◽  
Mining Activities ◽  
Vegetation Density ◽  
The Past ◽  
High Level ◽  
Damage Map

Indonesia is one of the countries that has the potential of natural resources other than agriculture, namely mining, especially gold. Gold mining without permits is one of the mining activities which results in a decrease in the quality of the surrounding environment, especially land. The purpose of this study was to look at the land damage that occurred as a result of unlicensed gold mining activities around the Singingi River in the massive Kuantan Singingi Regency in the past two decades. The method used in the analysis is the scoring and overlay method, the data used are Landsat 5 TM and Landsat 8 OLI which are processed using the supervised cllasification method and digitized on screen. Furthermore, as comparative data, surveys and interviews are carried out and utilizing high resolution image data from SPOT images and google earth. The results of this study were found that there was a change in land use from other land uses into unlicensed gold mining land covering an area of 2,680.03 Ha from 2006 to 2018. Then a land damage map with three parameters was produced, namely vegetation density, mine life and type of tailings . Land with a high level of damage covering 699.34 ha, moderate damage 1,501.04 and low damage 479.65. The largest area of land damage occurs in Sungai Paku Village and the smallest village is Pulau Padang.

THE EVOLUTION OF GEOLOGICAL MAPS OF LOWER SILESIA ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE KARKONOSZE-IZERA BLOCK

2016 ◽  
pp. 0-0
Author(s):  
Stanisław WOŁKOWICZ
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Geological Mapping ◽  
Geological Maps ◽  
Geological Map ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Lower Silesia

The paper presents the development of the geological mapping of in the Sudetes and Lower Silesia, starting from issuing in 1791 the first geological map of the Karkonosze Mountains, developed by J. Jirasek and issued in 1791, through maps of L. von Buch, C. von Raumer and A. Kaluža from the beginning of the 19th century, through and numerous editions of atlases published throughout the 19th century, ending with the detailed maps produced at the scale of 1 : 25,000 in at the beginning of the 20th century. The latter maps were the basis for the geological maps prepared after 1945.

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