New Evidence of Intra-Formational Piping at Two Separate Horizons in the Carboniferous Limestone (Dibunophyllum Zone) at South Cornelly, Glamorgan

1953 ◽  
Vol 90 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Trevor M. Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Thin Layer ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Rock Surface ◽  
Limestone Quarry ◽  
New Evidence ◽  
The Village ◽  
Carboniferous Limestone

AbstractLarge-scale extractions from a limestone quarry immediately east of the village of South Cornelly have provided sections of the Dibunophyllum Zone (probably the top of D1 Subzone) showing deep piping at two separate horizons. On the lower sides and floors of some of the larger pipes, the limestones and pseudo-breccias have been metasomatically replaced by a thin layer or by irregular pockets of haematite up to a foot in thickness. All the evidence points to two periods of emergence and sub-aerial erosion followed by lagoonal conditions with a Keuper-like environment when the irregularities of the underlying rock surface were filled with marl.

KETERTINDASAN MELAYU DALAM CERPEN “SUKU POMPONG” KARYA FEDLI AZIS DAN CERPEN “RUMAH DI UJUNG KAMPUNG” KARYA HANG KAFRAWI

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Marlina Marlina
Keyword(s):  
Short Stories ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Social Aspects ◽  
Land Conversion ◽  
The Public ◽  
Historical Reality ◽  
Sociological Approach ◽  
The Social ◽  
Imaginative Literature ◽  
The Village

Reading short stories “Suku Pompong” (Pompong Tribe) and “Rumah di Ujung Kampung” (House at the End of the Village) is like reading a historical reality that is happening on the ground of Riau Malay. The exploitation of forest resources on a large scale in recent decades in Riau Province has changed the land use of the area of intact forest into plantation area. The exploitation process causes friction in the community. The friction is eventually lead to conflict between communities and plantation companies. Their struggle to resolve conflicts and maintain their ancestral land, the strength of the company that has the license to the land and sadness when the public finally has always been on the losing side. This study objected to describe the objective reality of the Malay community in terms of land conversion, the communal land into plantations and reality of imaginative literature contained in the short stories “Suku Pompong” dan “Rumah di Ujung Kampung”. This study applied the sociology of literature approach, while the sociological approach to literature is a literary approach that specializes in reviewing literature by considering the social aspects. Based on these approaches, it can be concluded that short stories Suku Pompong and Rumah di Ujung Jalan are short stories that raised the reality of the Malay community.AbstrakMembaca cerpen “Suku Pompong” dan cerpen “Rumah di Ujung Kampung” seperti membaca sebuah realita sejarah yang terjadi di tanah Melayu Riau. Ekploitasi sumber daya hutan secara besar-besaran pada beberapa dekade terakhir di Provinsi Riau telah mengubah tata guna lahan dari kawasan hutan yang utuh menjadi kawasan perkebunan. Proses eksploitasi tersebut menimbulkan gesekan-gesekan dalam masyarakat. Gesekan-gesekan inilah yang akhirnya menimbulkan konflik antara masyarakat dengan pihak perusahaan perkebunan. Perjuangan masyarakat dalam menyelesaikan konflik dan mempertahankan tanah leluhur mereka, kekuatan pihak perusahaan yang memiliki surat izin atas tanah tersebut, dan kesedihan ketika masyarakat akhirnya selalu berada di pihak yang kalah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan realitas objektif masyarakat Melayu Riau dalam hal alih fungsi lahan, dari lahan tanah ulayat menjadi lahan perkebunan, dan realititas imajinatif sastra yang terdapat dalam cerpen “Suku Pompong” dan cerpen “Rumah di Ujung Kampung”. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan sosiologi sastra, yaitu suatu pendekatan sastra yang mengkhususkan diri dalam menelaah karya sastra dengan mempertimbangkan segi-segi sosial kemasyarakatan. Dari pendekatan tersebut dapat diambil kesimpulan bahwa cerpen “Suku Pompong” dan cerpen “Rumah di Ujung Kampung” memang merupakan cerpen yang mengangkat realitas masyarakat Melayu Riau.

Large-Scale Physical Forcing of Thin Layer Dynamics

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret A. McManus ◽  
Percy L. Donaghay ◽  
Thomas R. Osborn
Keyword(s):  
Thin Layer ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Physical Forcing

Large-Scale Physical Forcing of Thin Layer Dynamics

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret M. Dekshenieks ◽  
Percy L. Donaghay ◽  
Thomas R. Osborn ◽  
Ann E. Gargett
Keyword(s):  
Thin Layer ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Physical Forcing

scholarly journals Modelling and pH Control in Raceway and Thin-Layer Photobioreactors for Wastewater Treatment

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 1099
Author(s):  
María José Rodríguez-Torres ◽  
Ainoa Morillas-España ◽  
José Luis Guzmán ◽  
Francisco Gabriel Acién
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Thin Layer ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Control Period ◽  
Ph Control ◽  
Thin Layers ◽  
Control Algorithms ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
Overall Performance ◽  
Reduction Of Co2

One of the most critical variables in microalgae-related processes is the pH; it directly determines the overall performance of the production system especially when coupling with wastewater treatment. In microalgae-related wastewater treatment processes, the adequacy of pH has a large impact on the microalgae/bacteria consortium already developing on these systems. For cost-saving reasons, the pH is usually controlled by classical On/Off control algorithms during the daytime period, typically with the dynamics of the system and disturbances not being considered in the design of the control system. This paper presents the modelling and pH control in open photobioreactors, both raceway and thin-layer, using advanced controllers. In both types of photobioreactors, a classic control was implemented and compared with a Proportional–Integral (PI) control, also the operation during only the daylight period and complete daily time was evaluated. Thus, three major variables already studied include (i) the type of reactors (thin-layers and raceways), (ii) the type of control algorithm (On/Off and PI), and (iii) the control period (during the daytime and throughout the daytime and nighttime). Results show that the pH was adequately controlled in both photobioreactors, although each type requires different control algorithms, the pH control being largely improved when using PI controllers, with the controllers allowing us to reduce the total costs of the process with the reduction of CO2 injections. Moreover, the control during the complete daily cycle (including night) not only not increases the amount of CO2 to be injected, otherwise reducing it, but also improves the overall performance of the production process. Optimal pH control systems here developed are highly useful to develop robust large-scale microalgae-related wastewater treatment processes.

scholarly journals Beyond Newgrange: Brú na Bóinne in the later Neolithic

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-30
Author(s):  
Stephen Davis ◽  
Knut Rassmann
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
World Heritage ◽  
Geophysical Survey ◽  
World Heritage Site ◽  
Late Neolithic ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Heritage Site ◽  
New Evidence

The Brú na Bóinne World Heritage Site, Ireland is best known for its megalithic monuments, in particular the great developed passage tombs of Knowth, Dowth, and Newgrange, and its abundance of megalithic art. However, our understanding of the wider Brú na Bóinne landscape has changed beyond all recognition in the last decade owing to the application of modern, non-invasive survey technologies – in particular LiDAR and large-scale geophysical survey – and most recently as a result of the hot, dry summer of 2018 which revealed a series of remarkable cropmarks between Newgrange and the River Boyne. Despite a lack of excavation it can be argued, based on their morphological characteristics, that many of the structures revealed belong within the corpus of late Neolithic ritual/ceremonial structures, including earthen henges, square-in-circle monuments, palisaded enclosures, and pit/post-alignments. These display both extraordinary diversity, yet also commonality of design and architecture, both as a group and with the passage tombs that preceded them. This paper provides an up-to-date survey of the late Neolithic and presumed late Neolithic landscape of Brú na Bóinne. It provides new evidence and new insights from ongoing survey campaigns, suggesting parallels within the British Neolithic but also insular development within some monument classes.

scholarly journals The history of settlement and agrarian land use in a boreal forest in Värmland, Sweden, new evidence from pollen analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sigrún Dögg Eddudóttir ◽  
Eva Svensson ◽  
Stefan Nilsson ◽  
Anneli Ekblom ◽  
Karl-Johan Lindholm ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Pollen Analysis ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Ice Age ◽  
Valuable Insight ◽  
Archaeological Survey ◽  
History Of ◽  
New Evidence ◽  
Insight Into

AbstractShielings are the historically known form of transhumance in Scandinavia, where livestock were moved from the farmstead to sites in the outlands for summer grazing. Pollen analysis has provided a valuable insight into the history of shielings. This paper presents a vegetation reconstruction and archaeological survey from the shieling Kårebolssätern in northern Värmland, western Sweden, a renovated shieling that is still operating today. The first evidence of human activities in the area near Kårebolssätern are Hordeum- and Cannabis-type pollen grains occurring from ca. 100 bc. Further signs of human impact are charcoal and sporadic occurrences of apophyte pollen from ca. ad 250 and pollen indicating opening of the canopy ca. ad 570, probably a result of modification of the forest for grazing. A decrease in land use is seen between ad 1000 and 1250, possibly in response to a shift in emphasis towards large scale commodity production in the outlands. Emphasis on bloomery iron production and pitfall hunting may have caused a shift from agrarian shieling activity. The clearest changes in the pollen assemblage indicating grazing and cultivation occur from the mid-thirteenth century, coinciding with wetter climate at the beginning of the Little Ice Age. The earliest occurrences of anthropochores in the record predate those of other shieling sites in Sweden. The pollen analysis reveals evidence of land use that predates the results of the archaeological survey. The study highlights how pollen analysis can reveal vegetation changes where early archaeological remains are obscure.

scholarly journals Do Investors Pay Yield Premiums On Green Bonds?

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 7-21
Author(s):  
Anna Mikhaylova ◽  
Irina Ivashkovskaya
Keyword(s):  
Emerging Markets ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
High Growth ◽  
Bond Market ◽  
Environmental Concerns ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Developed Markets ◽  
Financial Research ◽  
New Evidence ◽  
Bid Ask Spreads

Global shifts in perspectives on environmental concerns and the growing significance of large-scale sustainabilityprograms have brought the issue of green financing to the fore of financial research. In terms of volume, this area hasdemonstrated high growth rates in various types of capital markets.Unfortunately, few studies exist which explore the yields on green bonds in emerging markets in comparison todeveloped ones. As such, in this paper, we contribute new evidence to the field of green financing and outline severalmajor differences between green issues in these types of capital markets.We study yield premiums of green bonds on a sample of 2,450 green issues and comparable traditional bonds over theperiod from 2008 to March 2020. We contribute to the literature by new empirical evidence on green financing.Our results provide evidence of small but statistically significant negative premiums on green bonds of 23,4%1 comparedto the expected yields for standard issues. We also show that the negative premium on green bonds is more pronouncedin developed markets (- 27%2) than in emerging ones (18%3). Moreover, we provide new evidence on the negativepremium-liquidity relationship. Our research concludes that negative premiums are related to a higher level of liquidity:green bonds have lower bid-ask spreads and a higher level of liquidity than traditional ones.These conclusions can assist investors, potential issuing companies, and public authorities in achieving a betterunderstanding of the current situation of the green bond market in global terms.

Dense 3D electrical resistivity tomography to understand complex deep landslide structures

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julien Gance ◽  
Orlando Leite ◽  
Myriam Lajaunie ◽  
Kusnahadi Susanto ◽  
Catherine Truffert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Resistivity ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Electrical Resistivity Tomography ◽  
Surface Deformation ◽  
Reference Model ◽  
Slope Instability ◽  
Complex Objects ◽  
Alluvial Deposits ◽  
Resistivity Tomography ◽  
The Village

<p>Large scale slope instabilities are complex objects controlled by multiple parameters. The underground and superficial structure of the slope plays a major role as it often controls water circulations, potentially causing weathering and damaging processes, and permits the local storage of water masses, causing temporary overload. In addition, the structure of the subsurface often delineates rock-volumes with variable mechanical properties, whose spatial distribution greatly influences the behavior of the slope. This work illustrates how Dense 3D Electrical Resistivity Tomography can provide relevant constraints on these parameters.</p><p>The village of Viella, in France (Hautes-Pyrénées), is affected by strong slope movement since 2018, when a massive rockslide above the village modified the stress conditions of the entire slope and, potentially, the hydrogeological context. As a consequence, some houses and infrastructures are progressively damaged, leading to heavy measures (houses evacuation). This complex, deep-seated (> 80 m), slope instability covers an area of ca. 650 000 m², is primarily composed of altered shists, colluviums, and non-consolidated alluvial deposits, forming several kinematic units with surface velocities in the range [0.5 – 5] mm.month<sup>-1</sup>.</p><p> </p><p>A 3D dense electrical resistivity tomography was realized using the FullWaver system, to characterize the structure and the forcing factors of this unstable slope. 55 V-FullWavers receivers (3 -electrodes, 2 channels sensors) were quasi-evenly distributed over a surface area of 400 x 500 m² with an interval of 90 m, apart from the village area, where no electrode could be grounded. Each V-FullWaver recorded signals through two orthogonal dipoles of 25 m length. Current injections were realized with a high-power transmitter (6 kW, 16 A, 3000 V). 235 injection dipoles were used. The system injected current between a fixed remote electrode (more than 1 km away from the site to increase the investigation depth) and a local mobile electrode, moved all over the investigated area in between the V-Fullwaver receivers, with an interval of approximately 40 m, except in the village area.</p><p> </p><p>The resulting 3D resistivity model presents a high spatial variability until 100 to 150 m depth approximately, that highly relates to the complex strain dynamics of the slope and the hydrogeological observations. It highlights the relation between the most active kinematic compartments and the large-scale structure of the slope.</p><p>It provides a first understanding of the role of local compacted rocks in the buildup of surface deformation but also on the localization of heterogeneities (fissures, scarps) which may relate to water circulation paths.</p><p>. This 3D image of the slope is the first structural reference model for future hydrogeological and geomechanical studies aiming at deducing the possible evolution of the slope.</p>

Acupuncture in Neurological Disorders: An Evidence-Based Overview

2020 ◽  
pp. 449-494
Author(s):  
Alexandra Dimitrova
Keyword(s):  
Neurological Disorders ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Tunnel Syndrome ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
New Evidence ◽  
Common Misconceptions

Over the past 20 years acupuncture has been rapidly gaining in popularity both in clinical practice and in research. New evidence for the benefits of acupuncture in various disorders is emerging seemingly every week, and recent large-scale systematic reviews and meta-analyses have suggested that acupuncture’s benefits in pain conditions can be maintained long term. At present the strongest evidence for acupuncture in the treatment of neurological disorders is in the fields of migraine, tension headaches, diabetic neuropathy, carpal tunnel syndrome, and Bell’s palsy. Recent trials suggest that acupuncture may be used as an adjunct in stroke rehabilitation and in improving the quality of life in patients with Parkinson’s disease and dementia. Despite recent mechanistic research advances, much remains unknown about acupuncture’s mechanism of action and there are common misconceptions about the origins of modern-day acupuncture. As acupuncture is being rapidly integrated into mainstream medical practice and increasingly being sought by patients, healthcare providers and neurologists in particular need to be educated about its applications and benefits for various neurological disorders. Our hope is that this chapter will serve toward this educational goal.

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