Turkey in Crisis: Some Contradictions in the Kemalist Development Strategy

1983 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Özay Mehmet
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Economic System ◽  
Development Strategy ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Political System ◽  
Political Crisis ◽  
Half Century ◽  
The Right

The recent crisis in Turkey has been described primarily as a political crisis caused by an unworkable political system under attack from organized terrorism from both the right and the left. While this may be valid as an immediate cause, there are some structural and ideological contradictions in the Turkish economic system which must also be highlighted. These contradictions have evolved gradually over the last half century in the course of Turkey's efforts to achieve industrial and economic growth. They have been exacerbated in particular by a process of lopsided industrialization after 1960 which, as in most other developing countries, has resulted in increased poverty and unemployment while achieving overall growth rates of 6 percent or better.

scholarly journals Economic Growth and Income Inequality in Developing Countries

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 79-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Morteza Nemati ◽  
Ghasem Raisi
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Income Inequality ◽  
Income Distribution ◽  
Economic System ◽  
Development Strategy ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Poverty Eradication ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Selection Of

Nowadays, improvement in income distribution and poverty eradication and hence low inequality are served as the main objectives of economic and social development strategy even prior than primary tasks of governments. to manifest importance of income distribution, some economists adopt income inequality and income distribution in society as criteria for economic system of the community, although these criteria and measures are theoretical for the economic system and this varies from the perspective of different people, however, it denotes on  importance of income distribution among individuals. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of economic growth on income inequality in the selection of low-income developing countries.To this end, using panel data and data for 28 developing countries over the period 1990-2010 the relationship between GDP and the Gini coefficient was examined. The results indicate that as per hypothesis Kuznets in the early stages of growth, income inequality increases and then it declines in later stage.

scholarly journals How Do Budget Deficits and Economic Growth Affect Reelection Prospects? Evidence from a Large Panel of Countries

2008 ◽  
Vol 98 (5) ◽  
pp. 2203-2220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adi Brender ◽  
Allan Drazen
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Fiscal Policy ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Electoral System ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
New Democracies ◽  
Budget Deficits ◽  
Large Panel

We test whether good economic conditions and expansionary fiscal policy help incumbents get reelected in a large panel of democracies. We find no evidence that deficits help reelection in any group of countries independent of income level, level of democracy, or government or electoral system. In developed countries and old democracies, deficits in election years or over the term of office reduce reelection probabilities. Higher growth rates over the term raise reelection probabilities only in developing countries and new democracies. Low inflation is rewarded by voters only in developed countries. These effects are both statistically significant and quite substantial quantitatively. (JEL D72, E62, H62, O47)

scholarly journals Mass Poverty in Pakistan: Some Preliminary Findings

1973 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 317-360 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. M. Naseem
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Income Distribution ◽  
Development Strategy ◽  
Present Author ◽  
Growth Strategy ◽  
The Political ◽  
Economic Conference ◽  
Political Demand ◽  
Future Growth

The disillusionment of many developing countries with past policies which paid exclusive attention to the rate of growth has, in recent years, led to a some¬what belated interest in the problems of unemployment, income distribution and mass poverty. Pakistan/perhaps, has the unique, if dubious, distinction of being one of the first developing countries both to adopt and, later, to reject growthmanship as a national creed.1 Although serious doubts about the assumptions and implications of the official strategy of economic growth in Pakistan began to be expressed in 1968, the issues were clouded by the political demand for the autonomy, and later the separation of the eastern wing of the country. At the recent Pakistan Economic Conference, held in February 1973, some of the basic issues of Pakistan's development strategy were discussed hi detail in various papers [1], [7], [14], [25]. The focus of these papers was on income distribution and employment and their implications for the future growth strategy. The present author in his paper [14] at the Conference, presented some tentative estimates of mass poverty and unemployment in West Pakistan. The present paper is designed to give more systematic estimates of the extent of mass poverty in Pakistan.

scholarly journals Temperature Shocks and Economic Growth: Evidence from the Last Half Century

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 66-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa Dell ◽  
Benjamin F Jones ◽  
Benjamin A Olken
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Political Stability ◽  
Economic Outcomes ◽  
Industrial Output ◽  
Agricultural Output ◽  
Half Century ◽  
Poor Countries ◽  
Negative Impacts

This paper uses historical fluctuations in temperature within countries to identify its effects on aggregate economic outcomes. We find three primary results. First, higher temperatures substantially reduce economic growth in poor countries. Second, higher temperatures may reduce growth rates, not just the level of output. Third, higher temperatures have wide-ranging effects, reducing agricultural output, industrial output, and political stability. These findings inform debates over climate's role in economic development and suggest the possibility of substantial negative impacts of higher temperatures on poor countries. (JEL E23, O13, Q54, Q56)

scholarly journals Means of getting ahead in post-socialist Serbia: Perceptions and preferences of young people

Sociologija ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 303-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dusan Mojic
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Young People ◽  
Economic System ◽  
Social Mobility ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Political System ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Political Connections ◽  
Young Population ◽  
Upward Social Mobility

Young people?s perceptions and preferences regarding main channels of upward mobility are very important for integration in every society. After one decade of blocked post-socialist transformation, political changes in 2000 unblocked the process of transformation of Serbian society, raising young people?s expectations of the improvement of their social position. Modernization and democratization of political system, as well as market reforms of the economic system would definitely make this process more probable. These reforms, if carried out properly, would enable the activation of young people and their inclination towards modern and development-oriented ways of advancement in society. Nevertheless, empirical studies in the last ten years in Serbia have constantly shown large discrepancy in youth?s perceived and preferred factors of upward social mobility. Namely, although education and hard work have been emphasized by young people as the main preferred means of getting ahead, wealthy origin and political connections have been, in fact, perceived as the most important factors in this respect in Serbia during the last decade. Political instability, (still) uncompleted reform of political and economic system and economic growth without employment (especially of young people) are the main reasons why half of the young population has had, more or less, a constant wish to leave Serbia forever. The main thesis of this paper is that the above-mentioned discrepancy between preferred and perceived ?social order? represents one of the key basis of such a way of thinking of young people in Serbia.

Coherence of Russian Economic System: Econometric Assessments

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 21-23
Author(s):  
Басовская ◽  
Elena Basovskaya
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Economic System ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Economic Systems ◽  
Degree Of Coherence ◽  
Federal Districts ◽  
Economic Growth Rates ◽  
Sustainable Economic Growth ◽  
Correlative Relationship

The paper examines the degree of coherence of the country’s economic system through assessment of correlation between economic growth rates of regions. The author highlights the high changeability of Russia’s economic system, considered as the total sum of elements, constituted by economic systems of federal districts and economic systems of regions. Correlative relationship between economic growth rates of this system’s elements can vary in the range from positive to negative. During the periods of sustainable economic growth the degree of this system’s coherence tends to reduce sharply. High levels of coherence are typical only for crisis periods in economic development.

Modern economic growth of developing countries: the most important trends, proportions, factors and social consequences

2021 ◽  
pp. 203
Author(s):  
Vitalii A. Meliantsev
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
Financial Economic ◽  
Social Consequences ◽  
Political Crisis ◽  
Modern Economic Growth ◽  
The World ◽  
Modern Economic

The article, based on a number of author's calculations, shows that in the mechanism of modern economic growth, which over the last two hundred years has led to colossal progress in the now advanced economies (AES) and a part of developing countries (DCS), there occurred serious failures in the last 3-4 decades. Despite the information revolution and deepening of the international division of labor, compound annual growth rates (CAGRS) of per capita GDP (PCGDP) and total factor productivity (TFP) in the AES and many DCS have demonstrated a significant tendency to slowdown. Although the AES are still leading the world in the field of fundamental technological innovations, due to the loss of the demographic dividend, decrease in the efficiency of government effectiveness, hypertrophied development of the financial sector, they are noticeably losing their positions in the world economy. Unlike many African, Middle Eastern and Latin American countries, a number of Asian countries (including the PRC, India and NICS), due to the policy of pragmatic reforms and openness, has succeeded in acceleration of CAGRs of their PCGDP and TFP. However, given that in many AES and DCS after the global crisis of 2009 there was no significant mitigation of financial and social problems, and on the eve and during the pandemic they aggravated, it cannot be ruled out that if serious socially oriented reforms are not carried out in the AES and DCS, a deep financial, economic and socio-political crisis may arise in the world in the next year or two.

scholarly journals STRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN USAHA KECIL MENENGAH SEKTOR INDUSTRI PENGOLAHAN KABUPATEN BEKASI

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 38-48
Author(s):  
Hari Sulistiyo ◽  
R. Aditya Kristamtomo Putra
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Development Strategy ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Index Number ◽  
Location Quotient ◽  
Medium Enterprises

The role of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises or Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in a country's economic growth is considered important. SMEs have a large and crucial contribution to the Indonesian economy. MSMEs have an important role in development and economic growth. The role of SME is not only felt in developing countries but also in developed countries. In developed and developing countries, MSME is very important, because it absorbs the most labor compared to large businesses. The contribution of MSMEs to the formation or growth of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is greater than the contribution of large businesses. However, in reality the amount is inversely proportional to quality. Many MSME actors whose HR quality is still low, both in education and technology. The low quality of human resources has an impact on their productivity. This study aims to find out how the Development Strategy of Micro Small and Medium Enterprises in the Manufacturing Industry Sector in Bekasi District. The use of the Location Quotient (LQ) method is used to find out what business bases can be used by MSMEs based on LQ analysis calculations. The use of TOWS analysts deepens the discussion of what and how MSME strategies compete. From the LQ analysis calculation results it appears that Bekasi Regency, the processed industry business sector, is a leading sector with an LQ index number > 1. As we know, Bekasi Regency's economic strength is indeed sourced from the industrial sector. Furthermore, the SME development strategy is based on the TOWS analysis, with the characters in each of the different MSMEs. The strategies used include: SO (Strength Opportunities), ST (Strength Threat) strategy, WO (Weakness Opportunites) strategy and WT (Weakness Threat) strategy.

scholarly journals Economic Complexity and Poverty in Developing Countries

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sena Kimm Gnangnon
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Income Inequality ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Export Demand ◽  
Financial Flows ◽  
Economic Complexity ◽  
Economic Growth Rates ◽  
Growth Volatility

This paper has examined the effect of economic complexity on poverty in developing countries. The analysis has used a sample of 84 countries over the period 1980-2017. Results indicate that greater economic complexity results in lower poverty headcount rates. This is particularly the case for countries that enjoy higher economic growth rates, lower levels of income inequality and lower degrees of economic growth volatility, including due to lower sizes of export demand and financial flows shocks. These findings have important policy implications for developing countries that are exploring ways and means to recover from the current COVID-19 pandemic crisis, and prepare for future crises.

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