Survey of rats and mice and their ectoparasites in relation to cultivated areas in the vicinity of Alexandria governorate, Egypt

1981 ◽  
Vol 97 (3) ◽  
pp. 551-555
Author(s):  
I. A. Gaaboub ◽  
A. E. E. Widaatalla ◽  
N. L. Kelada
Keyword(s):  
Host Specificity ◽  
Sugar Cane ◽  
Rattus Rattus ◽  
Rhipicephalus Sanguineus ◽  
Mite Species ◽  
Rodent Host ◽  
Pulex Irritans ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Definite Host ◽  
Rats And Mice

SUMMARYSix species and subspecies of rats and mice, Arvicanthis niloticus, Rattus norvegicus, R. rattus frugivorus, R. rattus alexandrinus, R. rattus rattus, and Mus musculus, were found associated with cotton, wheat, maize, sugar-cane, vegetables, fruit and berseem in the vicinity of Alexandria, Egypt. A. niloticus comprised 42·2% of all species collected. Maize, wheat, cotton and berseem were infested most. The lowest infestation was recorded in the fruit fields. Infestation in sugar-cane and vegetables was intermediate. R. norvegicus, M. musculus, R. rattus frugivorus, R. rattus alexandrinus and it. rattus rattusformed 23·9, 16·7, 10·4, 4·2 and 2·7% of the species collected respectively. Of the seven crops investigated, only two (cotton, wheat) were not infested with R. rattus rattus, but all were plagued with some species of rodents. The abundance of these rodents in fields seemed to be positively correlated with temperature and relative humidity. Winter represents a definite off-season for all species recorded.Six species of fleas (Xenopsylla cheopis, Nosopsyllus fasciatus, Ctenocephalides felis felis, Leptopsylla segnis, Pulex irritans and Echidnophaga gallinacea), three of sucking lice (Polyplax abyssinica, P. spinulosa and Hoplopleura capitosa), five of parasitic mites (Ornithonyssus bacoti, Laelaps echidnina, L. keegani, Androlaelaps zulu and Haemolaelaps sp.) and the tick Rhipicephalus sanguineus sanguineus were recovered from the rodents. Fleas (especially X. cheopis) and lice generally showed a certain degree of host specificity. A close relationship has been shown to exist between the abundance of fleas and lice and the abundance of some rodent hosts and climate. However, no definite host specificity or relation to climate was shown by infestation with mite species. Only B. sanguineus sanguinetie was recovered from S. rattus frugivorus during July, October and December; from R. rattus alexandrinus during November; and from R. rattus rattus during September. Its rate of infestation did not exceed one specimen per rodent host.

scholarly journals THE DISTRIBUTION OF RICKETTSIA IN THE TISSUES OF INSECTS AND ARACHNIDS

1923 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 431-456 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. V. Cowdry
Keyword(s):  
Rhipicephalus Sanguineus ◽  
Dermacentor Variabilis ◽  
Animal Products ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Pediculus Humanus ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
Pulex Irritans ◽  
Boophilus Decoloratus ◽  
Occasional Occurrence ◽  
Definition Of

In the absence of a satisfactory definition of Rickettsia the observations herein recorded were arbitrarily limited to bacterium-like organisms which are intracellular and Gram-negative. Rickettsia of this type were found in the following species: Amblyomma americana, Amblyomma hebræum, Boophilus decoloratus, Atomus sp., Casinaria infesta, Chrysopa oculata, Ctenocephalus canis, Dermacentor variabilis, Lepisma saccharina, Lucoppia curviseta, Margaropus annulatus, Margaropus annulatus australis, Ornithodoros turicata, Pulex irritans, Rhipicephalus sanguineus, Rhipicephalus evertsi, and Salticus scenicus. Since intracellular, Gram-negative Rickettsia have been recorded in the literature as existing in Cimex lectularius, Dermacentor venustus, Melophagus ovinus, and Pediculus humanus, the occasional occurrence of such bodies must be conceded in the following groups not closely related phylogenetically: Attidæ, Trombidiidæ, Argasidæ, lxodidæ, Cinura, Acanthiidæ, Pediculidæ, Hippoboscidæ, Chrysopidæ, Pulicidæ, and Ichneumonidæ. The species which harbor Rickettsia differ widely in diet and habitat. One such species is insectivorous throughout life, two are insectivorous in larval stages, becoming vegetarian in the adult condition, one is chiefly vegetarian but partakes of some animal products, and two are usually entirely vegetarian; while the remainder subsist wholly upon a diet of mammalian blood. Rickettsia are associated, in only a few cases, with diseases in mammals. The evidence at hand does not lead beyond the conclusion that the Rickettsia mentioned above are true Gram-negative microorganisms, easily distinguishable from mitochondria and all other cytoplasmic and nuclear granulations, rather completely adapted to an intracellular existence, exhibiting in some cases a remarkable degree of host specificity, and often inherited through the eggs.

scholarly journals Rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato(Ixodidae) in synantropic rodents in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

2014 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 276-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathleen Tavares Winkel ◽  
Paulo Bretanha Ribeiro ◽  
Lidiane Oliveira Antunes ◽  
Marcial Corrêa Cárcamo ◽  
Élvia Elena Silveira Vianna
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Tick Species ◽  
Rattus Rattus ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Rhipicephalus Sanguineus ◽  
First Record ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Port Area ◽  
Rhipicephalus Sanguineus Sensu Lato

Rhipicephalus sanguineus, the brown dog tick, is responsible for maintaining and transmitting various pathogens, both in animals and human beings, and it is of great sanitary importance. This communication reports the first occurrence of Rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato parasitizing Rattus norvegicus in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, and it is also the first record of this tick species parasitizing Rattus rattus in Brazil. The rodents were captured from the port area, located in the city of Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. We collected 6 larvae of this tick species from 2 male R. rattus individuals, and 3 larvae from 2 female R. norvegicus individuals; parasitized specimens of both rodent species were captured from different sites within the experimental area. This record broadens the number of Rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato hosts in urban areas, indicating the need for continued monitoring on population density for both R. sanguineus and synanthropic rodents.

scholarly journals Ticks and fleas in crab-eating fox (Cerdocyon thous) of Pernambuco state, Brazil

2016 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 295
Author(s):  
Edna Michelly de Sá Santos ◽  
Ricardo César De Souza Carneiro da Cunha ◽  
Márcia Paula Oliveira Farias ◽  
Cristina Farias da Fonseca ◽  
Jaqueline Bianque de Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rhipicephalus Sanguineus ◽  
Ctenocephalides Felis ◽  
Amblyomma Ovale ◽  
Pulex Irritans ◽  
Rhipicephalus Sanguineus Sensu Lato ◽  
Cerdocyon Thous

Objetivou-se identificar as espécies de pulgas e carrapatos de Cerdocyon thous provenientes do estado Pernambuco. Foram examinados 20 animais, estando 30% (6/20) ectoparasitados. Foram coletadas 16 pulgas e 17 carrapatos em cachorros-do-mato de vida livre e de cativeiro no estado de Pernambuco. As pulgas foram identificadas como: Pulex irritans e Ctenocephalides felis; e os carrapatos foram: Rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato e Amblyomma ovale. A presença de ectoparasitos de animais domésticos parasitando C. thous, sugere a aproximação de indivíduos desta espécie ao peridomicílio. Além disso, este é o primeiro relato da ocorrência de A. ovale em C. thous no nordeste brasileiro.

scholarly journals Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum infections in synanthropic rodents from Argentina

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Dellarupe ◽  
Bruno Fitte ◽  
Lais Pardini ◽  
Lucía María Campero ◽  
Mariana Bernstein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Neospora Caninum ◽  
Rattus Rattus ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Type I ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Caninum Infection ◽  
Coccidian Parasites ◽  
Rats And Mice ◽  
Synanthropic Rodents

Abstract Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum are closely related coccidian parasites (phylum Apicomplexa). This is the first study from urban synanthropic rodent species that involved serological and molecular diagnosis of T. gondii and N. caninum infection, and genotyping of T. gondii in Argentina. A total of 127 rodent samples were trap captured: Mus musculus (n = 78), Rattus norvegicus (n = 26) and Rattus rattus (n = 23). Antibodies against T. gondii and N. caninum were detected by IFAT in 32.8% (40/122) and 0.8% (1/122) of rodent samples, respectively, demonstrating contact with these protozoans. Additionally, T. gondii DNA was detected in 3.3% (4/123) of rodent central nervous system samples and 2 samples were genotyped by multilocus nPCR-RFLP. Neospora caninum DNA was not detected by PCR. The 2 genotyped samples were type III allele for all markers except for SAG-1 (type I for Rat1Arg and type II/III for Rat2Arg) and were identified as #48 and #2 (likely) according to the allele combinations reported on Toxo DB (Toxo-DB). The results of the present study revealed a wide distribution of T. gondii and less for N. caninum, in synanthropic rats and mice in the studied area.

Species abundance distribution and ecological niches of chigger mites on small mammals in Yunnan province, southwest China

Biologia ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 72 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pei-Ying Peng ◽  
Xian-Guo Guo ◽  
Dao-Chao Jin ◽  
Wen-Ge Dong ◽  
Ti-Jun Qian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Host Specificity ◽  
Yunnan Province ◽  
Southwest China ◽  
Species Abundance ◽  
Mite Species ◽  
Distribution Model ◽  
Ecological Niches ◽  
Species Abundance Distribution ◽  
Abundance Distribution ◽  
Wide Range

AbstractThe ecological niches and species abundance distributions of chigger mites were studied on small mammal hosts captured from 34 sites in Yunnan Province of southwest China between 2001 and 2015. Levins’ niche breadth and Colwell-Futuyma’s method were used to quantitatively evaluate host-specificity and similarity of host selection. Hierarchical analysis was used to illustrate niche overlap among mite species. Most mite species had a wide range of hosts with low host specificity. The niche overlaps between different mite species did not correlate with their taxonomic positions. Some mite species from different genera showed high niche overlaps and some others within the same genus showed low niche overlaps. Preston’s lognormal distribution model was used to fit the theoretical curve of species abundance distribution of mite community on

Host Specificity of Rhipicephalus sanguineus (Latreille) and R. secundus Feldman-Muhsam in Israel

1956 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Feldman-Muhsam
Keyword(s):  
Host Specificity ◽  
Near East ◽  
Rhipicephalus Sanguineus ◽  
Sheep And Goats ◽  
Transmission Of Disease

The host specificity of R. sanguineus (Latr.), 1806, sens, sir., and R. secundus Feldman-Muhsam, 1952, in Israel was studied.It was found that 81 per cent, of R. sanguineus, sens, lat., found on the dog was R. sanguineus, sens, str., and 19 per cent. R. secundus, whereas on cattle, sheep and goats, 97, 94 and 91 per cent., respectively, were R. secundus and the remainder R. sanguineus, sens. str.It is suggested that this situation exists also in other countries in the Near East, since R. secundus was very common in material from Algeria, Turkey, Yugoslavia and Iraq.The problem of transmission of disease by R. sanguineus, sens, lat., should be re-investigated in the light of recent taxonomic data.

scholarly journals Synanthropic rodent reservoirs of Trypanosoma (Schizotrypanum) cruzi in the valley of Caracas, Venezuela

1997 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 279-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leidi HERRERA ◽  
Servio URDANETA-MORALES
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Mus Musculus ◽  
Rattus Rattus ◽  
Tissue Tropism ◽  
Blood Examination ◽  
Host Mortality ◽  
Rats And Mice ◽  
Synanthropic Rodents

Direct blood examination and xenodiagnosis of 47 synanthropic rodents (Rattus rattus, R. norvegicus, Mus musculus) captured in the valley of Caracas, Venezuela, revealed trypanosomal infections in 12 R. rattus, 10 with T. lewisi and 2 with T. cruzi. Of the latter the course of parasitemia, the pleomorphism of the bloodstream trypomastigotes, tissue tropism in naturally and experimentally infected rats and mice, host mortality, morphology of fecal parasites in Rhodnius prolixus used for xenodiagnosis, and infectivity of the bug feces for NMRI mice, were all characteristic of Trypanosoma (Schizotrypanum) cruzi. One rat, with a patent parasitemia, had numerous nests of amastigotes in cardiac muscle and moderate parasitism of the smooth muscle of the duodenum and of skeletal muscle. Mice inoculated with fecal flagellates from the bugs had moderate tissue tropism in the same organs and also in the colon and pancreas. The possible role of R. rattus in the establishment of foci of Chagas’ disease in Caracas is discussed

scholarly journals Observations on the Survival ofLeptospira AustralisA in Soil and Water

1955 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 436-444 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. W. Smith ◽  
H. R. M. Self
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Sugar Cane ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Rattus Rattus ◽  
Rain Water ◽  
Soil And Water

SummarySoil from a sugar-cane farm in North Queensland was infected with leptospirae. In some instances a culture ofLeptospira australisA was added to the soil; in others it was infected by rats,Rattus rattus, known to be excreting leptospirae in their urine.After periods ranging from 8 to 43 days, the soil was flooded with rain water which was subsequently examined for leptospirae by treating guinea-pigs according to the ‘subcutaneous stream’ technique.Leptospirae survived in culture-infected soil for 43 days and in urine-infected soil for 15 days prior to the addition of the rain water. They were recovered from the water at intervals ranging up to 24 days after the flooding of the soil.The infected soil was of pH 6·1–6·2, its moisture content where determined was 34 and 37%, and the prevailing temperature 20–29° C. The reaction of the infected water samples ranged from pH 6·6 to 7·6.The possible significance of these findings in relation to the epidemiology of leptospirosis in North Queensland is briefly discussed.

scholarly journals An inventory of the types of rodent spread in Houses with a study of external parasites of the most dominant species at Esna area, Luxor Governorate, Egypt

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Abd El-Aleem, ◽  
S. S. Desoky ◽  
Abdelnaeem. M. Fahmy
Keyword(s):  
Dominant Species ◽  
Integrated Control ◽  
Rattus Rattus ◽  
Rodent Species ◽  
Xenopsylla Cheopis ◽  
Control Programs ◽  
Pulex Irritans ◽  
Arvicanthis Niloticus

This study was conducted to identify of rodent species and the ectoparasites are widely recognized for the type prevalent in homes, at Esna District, Luxor Governorate, Egypt, during 2020 year. The results were revealed that the presence of three species of rats included gray-bellied rat, Rattus rattus alexandrinus the dominant species from, Rattus rattus frugivorus and the Nile grass rat, Arvicanthis niloticus. The results also indicated that the identification of two types of fleas, Xenopsylla cheopis & Pulex irritans, and one species of lice, Polyplax spinulosa, associated with the gray-bellied was identified. The study reports the interest in making integrated control programs for rodents to get rid of them and the risks of their external parasites. Keywords: Rattus r. alexandrinus, Rattus r. frugivorus, A. niloticus Xenopsylla cheopis,Pulex irritans, Polyplax spinulosa

scholarly journals Biodiversity of Ticks and Fleas of Dogs in the Western Balkans – Preliminary Examinations

2016 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan Pavlovic ◽  
Ivan Pavlović ◽  
Srdjan Jovčevski ◽  
Dragan Rogožarski ◽  
Ferenc Csordás ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ixodes Ricinus ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Rhipicephalus Sanguineus ◽  
Western Balkans ◽  
Dermacentor Marginatus ◽  
Worldwide Distribution ◽  
Pulex Irritans ◽  
Ctenocephalides Canis ◽  
Balkan Area ◽  
Preliminary Study

Ticks and fleas infestation is the most common ectoparasitic condition of dogs with worldwide distribution. In period 2011-2013 we performed preliminary study on the biodiversity of ticks and flea of dogs, from the Western Balkan area. Parasites were collected from dogs in veterinary practices from several cities in various part of Serbia, Macedonia, Republic Srpska (BiH) and Montenegro. During of the study of relative abundance analysis revealed that the species Ixodes ricinus was absolutely dominant, followed by Rhipicephalus sanguineus, Dermacentor marginatus and D. reticulatus. At same examinations three flea species were found at dogs Ctenocephalides felis felis was the most abundant, followed by Ctenocephalides canis and Pulex irritans.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document