Factors associated with emergence of Shrunken-2 maize in Korea

2006 ◽  
Vol 144 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
VICTOR O. ADETIMIRIN ◽  
SOON-KWON KIM ◽  
M. SZCZECH
Keyword(s):  
Combining Ability ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Recurrent Selection ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
General Combining Ability ◽  
Additive Gene Action ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
Field Emergence

Seventeen supersweet Shrunken-2 (sh-2) maize lines and progenies of their crosses to two sh-2 hybrid testers were investigated for factors responsible for differences in field emergence in Korea in studies carried out in the field, greenhouse and laboratory. The lines and their testcrosses showed significant genetic variation for emergence. Two lines showed significant positive general combining ability (GCA) for emergence while two other lines had significant negative GCA effects. Because none of the specific combining ability effects was significant, emergence was primarily influenced by additive gene action, and could, therefore, be improved by recurrent selection. Seed weight was significantly (P<0·05) correlated with emergence for inbreds (r=0·63) and testcross progeny involving the tester with the lower mean seed weight (r=0·54). Two lines also showed significant positive GCA effects for seed weight. The lines with positive GCA effects for emergence were different from those with positive GCA for seed weight, indicating that factors other than seed weight influence field emergence. The severity of Fusarium infection of seeds of the lines was significantly correlated to germination (r=−0·61, P<0·05) and emergence (r=−0·67, P<0·01), suggesting that practices that prevent pathogenic field infection, such as timely harvest and treatment with fungicides, are crucial for high seed quality. The field emergence of sh-2 inbred parents did not give an indication of emergence in hybrid combinations.

scholarly journals Combining Ability and Heterosis for Capsaicinoids in Capsicum pubescens

HortScience ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 36 (7) ◽  
pp. 1315-1317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yayeh Zewdie ◽  
Paul W. Bosland ◽  
Robert Steiner
Keyword(s):  
Combining Ability ◽  
Recurrent Selection ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Diallel Analysis ◽  
General Combining Ability ◽  
Specific Combining Ability ◽  
Breeding Method ◽  
Additive Gene Action ◽  
Gene Effect ◽  
Additive Gene

The inheritance of capsaicinoid content was studied in five Capsicum pubescens Ruiz & Pav. genotypes using diallel analysis. General combining ability and specific combining ability effects were significant for all capsaicinoids studied, indicating additive and nonadditive gene actions are present. The association of high capsaicinoid contents with high positive general combining ability of the parents also indicates the predominance of additive gene action in capsaicinoid inheritance. Because of the predominant additive gene effect, recurrent selection would be a good breeding method to increase capsaicinoid level in the population studied. Heterosis was observed in hybrids for some of the capsaicinoids, suggesting that F1 hybrids could also be used to increase capsaicinoid content.

scholarly journals GENE ACTION AND COMBINING ABILITY STUDY IN SESAME

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mandakini Kabi ◽  
Bhabendra Baisakh ◽  
Manasi Dash ◽  
Swapan K Tripathy ◽  
S. Sahu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Recurrent Selection ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Reciprocal Recurrent Selection ◽  
Additive Variance ◽  
Plant Seeds ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
100 Seed Weight

The study of gene action and combining ability have been conducted in 28 F1 cross combinations along with eight parents in 8x8 half-diallel scheme following Griffing’s Approach for 14 morphoeconomic traits including seed yield and oil content in sesame. The general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) component of variation were significant for parents and crosses respectively for all characters except internode length for GCA indicating role of both additive and nonadditive gene action. However, higher proportion of SCA variance (?2 sca) than GCA variance (?2 gca) revealed preponderance of non-additive gene action for all characters except capsule length and capsule width under study. Further, variance due to dominance played a significant role than additive variance in all traits except capsule width and 100-seed weight. Nirmala is considered as the best general combiner owing to its higher estimate of gca effects for yield per plant, for days to maturity, plant height, branches per plant, capsules per plant, seeds per capsule, capsule length and 100-seed weight. Among cross combinations; Rama × GT-10, AT-382 × Krishna, AT-382 × Nirmala, Krishna × Nirmala, Krishna × Uma, Nirmala × Prachi and Prachi × Uma showed significantly higher sca effect for seed yield per plant in the desired direction indicating their merit for recovery of transgressive segregants for higher productivity following reciprocal recurrent selection.

scholarly journals Hybrid tea-roses under controlled light conditions. 4. Combining ability analysis of variance for percentage of flowering in F1 populations.

1980 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-39
Author(s):  
D.P. de Vries ◽  
L. Smeets ◽  
L.A.M. Dubois
Keyword(s):  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
General Combining Ability ◽  
Light Conditions ◽  
Additive Gene Action ◽  
Combining Ability Analysis ◽  
Growth Room ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
Flowering Ability

F1 populations of the hybrid tea-roses Sonia, Baccara, Ilona, Prominent and Zorina were grown in a growth room under 8 W/m2 at 20 deg C with an 8 h day. The inheritance of flowering ability under low irradiance was mainly controlled by additive gene action. Prominent and Zorina had a good general combining ability for flowering under low irradiance. [For part 3 see HcA 49, 5235]. (Abstract retrieved from CAB Abstracts by CABI’s permission)

scholarly journals Heterosis and combining ability estimates for the total number of eggs laid per female in silkworm, Bombyx mori L.

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 55-59
Author(s):  
H A Rashid ◽  
S M Rahman ◽  
M K Ahsan
Keyword(s):  
Bombyx Mori ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
General Combining Ability ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Additive Gene Action ◽  
Ability Estimates ◽  
Diallel Crossing ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
Silkworm Bombyx Mori

Heterosis and combining ability for total number of eggs laid per female silkworm Bombyx mori L were investigated in a six parent diallel crossing programme in four rearing seasons. Magnitude of heterosis varied from seasons to season and was not consistent over characters. Effect of season was important in the expression of genetic variances and other parameters studied. Considerable amount to heterosis was obtained in the crosses where parents Nistari Oval (G), BSRI-98 and BV-High were involved. Parental performance as judged by general combining ability quantities indicated that BSRI-98 was the best general combining parent in all the rearing seasons. The variance due to the specific combing ability (?2 sca) was higher than the general combining ability (?2gca) in all seasons, indicating the preponderance of non-additive gene action in inheritance of that trait. Majority of the crosses showing significant sca effects had either one or both the parents were good general combiners. Thus the combining ability of parents may be considered as a reliable guide in the prediction of the yield potential of those crosses. The crosses Nistari Oval (G)×BSRI-98, Nistari×BSRI-98 and BSRI-95× Nan Nung7B are recommended for the commercial exploitation of heterosis as an important egg producing breeds in majority of the rearing seasons.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ujzru.v30.10754 Univ. j. zool. Rajshahi Univ. Vol. 30, 2011 pp. 55-59

HETEROSIS AND COMBINING ABILITY OF BARLEY HYBRIDS IN DENSELY AND WIDELY SEEDED CONDITIONS

1971 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. C. YAP ◽  
B. L. HARVEY
Keyword(s):  
Combining Ability ◽  
Genetic Variance ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Unit Area ◽  
Heading Date ◽  
General Combining Ability ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Additive Gene Action ◽  
Additive Gene

All possible crosses were made among the four commercial barley (Hordeum vulgare L. emend. Lam.) cultivars, ’Conquest’, ’Gait’, ’Jubilee’ and ’Olli’, and evaluated under space-seeded (12 seeds/3.66 m × 0.61 m) and densely seeded (250 seeds/4.88 m × 0.15 m) conditions. For the six agronomic traits measured, no substantial heterosis was found. The number of heads per unit area was consistently correlated with grain yields. Heading date and plant height showed similar trends in both tests, whereas grain yield and the components of yield showed different behavior in the two tests. The major portion of the genetic variance for the traits measured was due to variation in general combining ability, indicating that additive gene action was more important than non-additive gene action. Moreover, general combining ability effects were less susceptible to environment than the specific combining ability effects.

Combining ability analysis in mungbean [Vigna radiata(L.) Wilczek]

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anamika Nath ◽  
S. R. Maloo ◽  
Baudh Bharti ◽  
R. B. Dubey ◽  
Rajani Verma
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
General Combining Ability ◽  
Specific Combining Ability ◽  
Mean Square ◽  
Additive Gene Action ◽  
Gene Effects ◽  
Combining Ability Analysis ◽  
Additive Gene

A diallel method was employed in which eight genotypically diverse lines of mungbean were crossed among themselves in all possible combinations excluding reciprocals. The mean square due to general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) were significant for all the characters except mean square due to (SCA) for clusters per plant and seed yield per plant indicating importance of both additive as well as non-additive gene action. The estimates of variances due to specific combining ability were higher than general combining ability for all the traits except days to 50 % flowering, primary branches per plant, clusters per plant and seed yield per plant pointed out to be the preponderance of non-additive gene effects in the expression of these characters. Whereas predictability ratios were greater than the value of 0.5 for days to 50 % flowering, primary branches per plant, clusters per plant and seed yield per plant indicating the predominance of additive gene action for these characters. However, predictability ratio exhibited less than 0.5 values for rest of the characters indicating the predominance of non- additive gene action. The good general combiners for seed yield per plant were BM-4, PDM-139, ML-131, and IPM 99-125. The best specific cross combinations wereRMG-344 x RMG-1045, RMG-1035 x RMG-1045 and BM-4 x PDM-139. showed the highest positive significant SCA effect for seed yield per plant. These cross combinations could be utilized for further use in breeding programme for improvement in yield of mungbean.

scholarly journals The Effects of Combining Ability for Yield Traits in Rice (Oryza sativa L.) under Sodic Soil

2020 ◽  
pp. 34-44
Author(s):  
Durgesh Kumar Shukla ◽  
S. N. Singh ◽  
S. C. Gaur ◽  
Anil Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Combining Ability ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Hybrid Vigour ◽  
Yield Traits ◽  
Additive Gene Action ◽  
Early Maturity ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
Rice Genotypes ◽  
Positive Effect

Information on combining ability is derived from data on twelve yield and yield contributing characters in fifteen male and three female parents utilised in line x tester fashion to estimate combining ability of rice genotypes under coastal saline condition. Forty Five hybrids generated from crossing three lines with fifteen testers were studied along with their parents for combining ability and gene action involved in the expression of characters in rice. The gca and sca effects were significant for all the characters. The magnitude of sca variance was higher than the gca variance for all the characters revealed the presence of predominance of non-additive gene action for all the characters under study. Halchal (-12.29) was found to be good general combiners for days to 50% flowering and early maturity, Halchal (-13.39). However, IR-24 (1.88) was good general combiners with significant positive effect for tallness. Magic (-12.05) good general combiners for dwarfness and Shriram 434 (1.57) was good general combiners for test weight however, Moti was best general combiner with gca estimates of 7.07 for harvest index and Kuber (3.48) was the good general combiners for yield/hill. Cross combinations RHR 27 x IR 24 (4.04) was significant and positive effect for yield/hill, performance for ear bearing tillers per plant were RHR 27 x IR 24 (1.88). In general, the crosses showing significant and desirable combining ability effects were associated with better per se performance for the respective traits. These hybrids could be utilized in heterosis breeding to exploit hybrid vigour.

scholarly journals Assessment of Combining Ability Effects for several Yield and Quality Traits in a Complete Diallel Cross of Strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.)

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 517-524
Author(s):  
Sorin CIULCA ◽  
Natalia CARP ◽  
Emilian MADOŞA ◽  
Adriana CIULCA ◽  
Radu ŞUMĂLAN
Keyword(s):  
Combining Ability ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Yield Traits ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
Additive Gene Action ◽  
Plant Yield ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Additive Gene

Information on the inheritance of yield and quality traits is important for the selection of parents and breeding approaches to be adopted for the improvement of strawberry. The present study aimed to estimate the combining ability and gene effects for plant yield, fruits number/plant, fruit weight, pulp firmness and sugar content of strawberries in order to identify the best genitors and promising crosses, in 30 hybrids of six parents. The additive and non-additive gene action as well as the maternal effects was involved in the inheritance of the studied traits. For all traits, especially for fruit weight and plant yield, the additive gene action was more important than the non-additive one. The parents ‘A1’ and ‘Alba’ showed a higher concentration of favourable alleles for plant yield and fruits number, and they will allow the increase of plant yield when used as a donor of pollen and the increase of fruit number when used as a recipient of pollen. The variety ‘Marmolada’ was a good general combiner for sugar content, pulp firmness and fruit weight, especially when used as a female genitor. These parents could be used in hybridization in order to accelerate the genetic improvement of some yield and quality traits in strawberries. The cross ‘Mira’ × ‘Onda’ expressed desirable specific combining ability effects for yield traits and can be successfully use in strawberries breeding programs. In the case of ‘Alba’ × ‘Clery’ there is a high probability to select progenies with valuable yield traits associated with sweet fruits.

scholarly journals Combining Ability Analysis of Blast Disease Resistance and Agronomic Traits in Finger Millet [Eleusine coracana (L.) Gaertn]

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lawrence Owere ◽  
Pangirayi Tongoona ◽  
John Derera ◽  
Nelson Wanyera
Keyword(s):  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Finger Millet ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
The Other ◽  
Blast Disease ◽  
Additive Gene Action ◽  
Gene Effects ◽  
Additive Gene

<p>Blast disease is the most important biotic constraint to finger millet production. Therefore disease resistant varieties are required. However, there is limited information on combining ability for resistance and indeed other agronomic traits of the germplasm in Uganda. This study was carried out to estimate the combining ability and gene effects controlling blast disease resistance and selected agronomic traits in finger millet. Thirty six crosses were generated from a 9 × 9 half diallel mating design. The seed from the 36 F<sub>1</sub> crosses were advanced by selfing and the F<sub>2</sub> families and their parents were evaluated in three replications. General combining ability (GCA) for head blast resistance and the other agronomic traits were all highly significant (p ≤ 0.01), whereas specific combining ability (SCA) was highly significant for all traits except grain yield and grain mass head<sup>-1</sup>. On partitioning the mean sum of squares, the GCA values ranged from 31.65% to 53.05% for head blast incidence and severity respectively, and 36.18% to 77.22% for the other agronomic traits measured. Additive gene effects were found to be predominant for head blast severity, days to 50% flowering, grain yield, number of productive tillers plant<sup>-1</sup>, grain mass head<sup>-1</sup>, plant height and panicle length. Non-additive gene action was predominant for number of fingers head<sup>-1</sup>, finger width and panicle width. The parents which contributed towards high yield were <em>Seremi 2</em>, <em>Achaki</em>, <em>Otunduru</em>, <em>Bulo</em> and <em>Amumwari</em>. Generally, highly significant additive gene action implied that progress would be made through selection whereas non-additive gene action could slow selection progress and indicated selection in the later generations.</p>

Combining ability and heterosis studyin maize inbreds throughout diallel mating design

2018 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 599-609
Author(s):  
ANMS Karim ◽  
S Ahmed ◽  
AH Akhi ◽  
MZA Talukder ◽  
A Karim
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
General Combining Ability ◽  
Specific Combining Ability ◽  
Gene Effects ◽  
Additive Type ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
Ear Height

Combining ability effects were estimated for grain yield and some other important agronomic traits of maize in a 7×7 diallel analysis excluding reciprocals. The variances for general combining ability (GCA) were found significant for yield, days to pollen shedding, days to silking and ear height while it was found non-significant for plant height and number of kernels/ear. Non-significant general combining ability (GCA) variance for plant height and number of kernels/ear indicates that these two traits were predominantly controlled by non- additive type of gene action. Specific combining ability (SCA) was significant for all the characters except yield and days to silking. Non-significant specific combining ability (SCA) variance for yield and days to silking suggests that these two traits were predominantly controlled by additive type of gene action. Both GCA and SCA variances were found significant only in days to pollen shedding and ear height indicated the presence of additive as well as non additive gene effects for controlling the traits. However, relative magnitude of these variances indicated that additive gene effects were more prominent for all the characters studied except days to silking. Parent BIL95 was the best general combiner for both high yield and number of kernels/ear and parent BML4 for dwarf plant type. Two crosses (BML4× BML36 and BIL114× BIL31) exhibited significant and positive SCA effects for grain yield involved low × average and average × average general combining parents. The range of heterosis expressed by different crosses for grain yield and days to silking was from -65.83 to 21.26 percent and -17.85 to 8.22 percent, respectively.. The better performing three crosses (BIL114×BIL31, BIL138×BIL95 and BIL31×BIL95) can be utilized for developing high yielding hybrid varieties as well as for exploiting hybrid vigour.Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 43(4): 599-609, December 2018

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