Fertility levels, trends and differentials in Kuwait

1986 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. L. Kohli ◽  
Musa'ad H. Al-Omaim
Keyword(s):  
Economic Activity ◽  
Birth Rate ◽  
Inverse Relationship ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Crude Birth Rate ◽  
Married Women ◽  
Age At Marriage ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Major Factors ◽  
Very High

SummaryThis paper examines the levels, trends, patterns and Kuwaiti-non-Kuwaiti differentials in fertility, by socioeconomic variables and the major factors that may account for recent changes. Kuwaiti fertility is very high: in 1980, the crude birth rate was about 47 and the total fertility was 6–8 per woman. Childbearing still extends to later ages but fertility in the early and middle reproductive years has declined recently, as a result of the rise in age at marriage and the fall in the proportion of currently married women in the younger age groups. Non-Kuwaiti fertility is consistently lower, with total fertility at about 69% of the Kuwaiti level. This differential cannot be explained by the age structure of the populations alone. Analysis of completed fertility by education and economic activity status indicates an inverse relationship.

scholarly journals Studies in the declining birth-rate, England and Wales 1. The Northern Counties: 2. Summary of Results for all Areas

1937 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 489-511
Author(s):  
W. J. Martin
Keyword(s):  
Birth Rate ◽  
Age Distribution ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Vital Statistics ◽  
Married Women ◽  
England And Wales ◽  
Fertility Ratio ◽  
Number Of Births

The trend of fertility in Wales and the Southern and Midland counties of England was demonstrated and discussed in the previous sections of this enquiry.1 The corresponding vital statistics for Northern England are given in the present concluding section and, in addition, the results that have been found are briefly reviewed for the country as a whole. For the Northern counties the same methods have been employed as in the two previous sections. Briefly, the actual birth-rate has been measured by the number of births per 1000 married women aged 15–45, while as a rough assessment of how far a changing age distribution of married women has affected its level, a potential birth-rate and fertility ratio have also been calculated. The potential birth-rate gives the number of births per 1000 married women aged 15–45 obtained by applying Tait's fertility ratios 48.75, 41.25, 30 and 15 to the number of married women in the age groups 15–19, 20–24, 25–35 and 35–45 respectively. The fertility ratio is the ratio of the actual to the potential birth-rate.

scholarly journals Factors Affecting Home Internet Use in Central Queensland

10.28945/2648 ◽  
2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
W J. Taylor ◽  
G. X Zhu ◽  
J. Dekkers ◽  
S. Marshall
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Internet Access ◽  
Income Level ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Social Survey ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Education Levels ◽  
Major Factors ◽  
At Home

This paper reports on a social survey that was conducted in 2001 in Central Queensland, Australia, in order to identify the disadvantaged groups in relation to accessing the Internet from home. The research found that people in younger age groups, with higher education levels, being married , having children at home, owning a house/flat, with the higher income level, or being employed, had higher levels of Internet access from home respectively, compared to their counterparts. Regression analysis found that variation of any factors of education levels, marital status, children at home, income level and employment status may affect the decision to access the Internet from home. It also found that unemployment and low education levels were two major factors detrimentally affecting home Internet access and that seniors (>55 years of age) were disadvantaged because of lack of awareness and capability to use the Internet.

Influence of age on plasma adrenocorticosteroids in rats, rabbits, and guinea pigs

1962 ◽  
Vol 202 (3) ◽  
pp. 392-394 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Thornton ◽  
Edwin R. Hughes ◽  
Vincent C. Kelley ◽  
Robert S. Ely
Keyword(s):  
Human Plasma ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Chromatographic Mobility ◽  
Fluorescent Material ◽  
Young Rats ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Very High ◽  
Column Chromatographic ◽  
Two Age Groups

Circulating concentrations of free 17-hydroxycorticosteroids (17-OHCS) and "cortisol" and "corticosterone" were determined in rats, guinea pigs, and rabbits. (Quotation marks indicate that fluorescence present in plasma of these species has identical column chromatographic mobility of cortisol and corticosterone in human plasma.) In rats, "corticosterone" was present in greater amounts in adult than in young rats. Fluorescent material was also found in the "cortisol" fraction in both age groups but the 17-OHCS values were very low. In baby guinea pigs the fluorescent values for "cortisol" and "corticosterone" were about equal and were very high, as were the 17-OHCS values. During maturation all three values declined. In the younger age groups 17-OHCS values were two to three times greater than the "cortisol" values. In the two age groups of rabbits observed no 17-OHCS and only low "corticosterone" values were obtained. Instead, an unidentified, presumably steroidal, fluorescent material was found in the cortisol fraction.

Demographic characteristics of a rural area in Kenya in 1974–80

1984 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 411-423 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. K. van Ginneken ◽  
A. S. Muller ◽  
A. M. Voorhoeve ◽  
Omondi-Odhiambo
Keyword(s):  
Population Growth ◽  
Rural Area ◽  
Birth Rate ◽  
Crude Birth Rate ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Natural Increase ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Permanent Migration ◽  
Very High

SummaryA longitudinal, epidemiological study was carried out in a rural area of Kenya with a population of about 28,000 between 1974 and 1980. Population registration during this time showed that population growth was very high between 1974 and 1978 (4·4% per year) and much lower in 1979 and 1980 (1·1%). Natural increase was nearly as high as in Kenya as a whole (3·7%) in this period. Fertility was somewhat lower than in all Kenya (the crude birth rate was 46 per 1000) while mortality was substantially lower (7 per 1000). Evidence is presented supporting the argument that these low mortality rates are genuine. Levels of temporary and permanent migration are high and probably characteristic for many parts of Kenya. The change in population growth in 1979 and 1980 is probably due to changes in economic conditions leading in particular to less in-migration and to more out-migration.

scholarly journals Age and Sex-Related Associations Between Marital Status, Physical Activity and TV Time

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy Gustavo Cavazzotto ◽  
Natã Gomes de Lima Stavinski ◽  
Marcos Roberto Queiroga ◽  
Michael Pereira da Silva ◽  
Edilson Serpeloni Cyrino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Marital Status ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Single Women ◽  
Married Women ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Married Men ◽  
Married Individuals ◽  
Obesity Hypertension ◽  
Age And Sex

Abstract: The aim of the present study was to identify the age and sex-related associations between marital status with PA and TV time. We used data from Vigitel, an annual telephone survey started in 2006 in Brazil. We applied a complex sample logistic regression model to estimate the odds for PA and TV time comparing marital statuses according to age and sex subgroups, independent of obesity, hypertension, diabetes, self-assessed poor health, and smoking. Our sample included 561,837 individuals with a TV time > 3 h/day (prevalence = 25.2%) and PA > 150 min/week (prevalence = 35%). Compared to single individuals, married men and women were less likely to watch TV more than 3 h/day in participants > 30 years old. When compared to single, married participants were less likely to do more than 150 min of PA/week at younger age groups. Married women older than 40 years were more likely to do more than 150 min of PA/week than the single ones, while there were no differences among married men by age group. In conclusion, married individuals are less likely to spend more than 3 hours a day watching TV than single individuals. Single men and women were more likely to do more than 150 min of PA/week at younger age groups and married women older than 40 years were more likely to do 150 min of PA/week than single women.

Emerging patterns of child-spacing in Canada

1993 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Rahim ◽  
B. Ram
Keyword(s):  
Work Experience ◽  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Married Women ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Child Spacing ◽  
Recent Trends ◽  
Statistics Canada ◽  
History Survey

SummaryThis study used data from the 1984 Family History Survey conducted by Statistics Canada to examine recent trends and patterns of child-spacing among currently married women. Life table and proportional hazards estimates show that Canadian women, particularly those in younger age groups with higher education and longer work experience, start having children late, but have subsequent children rather quickly. This suggests that such women tend to complete childbearing within a compressed time period.

scholarly journals Second wave COVID crisis, social responsibility and social stigma in India

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 5516
Author(s):  
Manoj Madheswaran
Keyword(s):  
Social Stigma ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Vaccine Hesitancy ◽  
Health Infrastructure ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Major Factors ◽  
Second Wave ◽  
Shed Light ◽  
Populous Country

India, the second most populous country in the world and home of 1.30 billion population sees sudden emergence of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) since 2020. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the virus that is responsible for this global pandemic. The origin of this virus is still unknown. This pandemic causes heavy impact on its health infrastructure. Although this pandemic hit at global level, this review is particularly highlight the pandemic situation and how it is being tackled in India. During April and May 2021, due to the high surge of cases, India had reported several million numbers of COVID-19 affected people. During this course of tackling this pandemic, India sees a huge surge of vaccine hesitancy due to various factors. Data suggests that the virus affects younger age groups as well. This review tends to highlight the actual situation and major factors contributed to COVID-19 pandemic in India, also to highlight India’s vaccine policy. To shed light on what went wrong and what can be learned from COVID-19 crisis in India. This data presents important results regarding the COVID‐19 pandemic in India.

Cytogenetics of tumours of the female reproductive tract

1994 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Paola Dal Cin ◽  
Herman Van Den Berghe
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Causative Factor ◽  
Hormonal Control ◽  
Female Reproductive Tract ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Environmental Component ◽  
Previous Identification ◽  
Very High

Tumours of the reproductive tract present with a great variety and diversity in males as well as in females. They originate from tissues which belong to different embryonic sheets or stem cells, and may appear at various ages, including younger age groups. Some are under hormonal control or influence, others may have a strong environmental component. It is becoming increasingly clear that in tumours, one or more molecular lesions at the DNA level are the causative factor. Their specificity may be very high and may also determine, in part, the phenotype and histology of the proliferation. Discovery of the genes involved was made possible by previous identification of chromosome changes typically occurring in certain tumours.

scholarly journals An Improved Method of calculating Birth-Rates

1905 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur Newsholme ◽  
T. H. C. Stevenson
Keyword(s):  
Birth Rate ◽  
Crude Birth Rate ◽  
Married Women ◽  
Fertility Rates ◽  
Improved Method ◽  
Birth Rates ◽  
Child Bearing ◽  
True Meaning ◽  
Intercensal Period ◽  
The Right

1. The ordinary method of calculating the birth-rate does not distinguish between the influence of fertility and of variations in conditions of the population as to age and marriage.2. In ascertaining the true meaning of the great reduction of the birth-rate which has occured in the last 25 years it is necessary to have means for distinguishing between the accidental and the intrinsic causes of change.3. A step in the right direction is made when the legitimate births are stated in terms of the married women at child-bearing ages, and the illegitimate births in terms of the unmarried women of the same ages.4. This method fails to correct for the differences of fertility of the various ages comprised in the age-period 15–45.5. By calculating standard fertility-rates for given populations McLean overcame the above difficulty, and was thus able to compare experiences of a given community at different times with the standard.6. In this paper it is shown that by continuing the above process and obtaining corrected fertility-rates, the fertility-rates of different communities can be made directly comparable.7. The inconveniences of this new and unfamiliar method, and the necessity involved in it of calculating the crude as well as the corrected fertility-rate in every instance, indicate the desirability of obtaining a factor for each community which throughout an entire intercensal period can be applied to the crude birth-rate of that community.8. The desirability of such a factor is increased by the fact that the method of corrected fertility-rates does not take into account the proportion of married women in each population.9. In this paper a method is described of obtaining factors, which, when applied to the readily available crude birth-rates, correct completely both for the varying proportion of married women in compared populations and for the varying fertility at different periods of married life.10. The practical bearings of these corrected birth-rates will be discussed in a later paper.

Teenage childbearing: structural determinants in developing countries

1990 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 281-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine Trent
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Socioeconomic Development ◽  
Birth Rate ◽  
Structural Determinants ◽  
Teenage Birth ◽  
Marriage Patterns ◽  
Age At Marriage ◽  
The Social ◽  
Major Factors

SummaryData for a sample of 50 developing countries are analysed to investigate the social correlates of the teenage birth rate. Of five major factors considered as predictors of national birth rates (socioeconomic development, family planning programmes, women's status, the sex ratio, and marriage patterns), regression analyses reveal that only the average age at marriage for women has a significant effect on the teenage birth rate. In contrast, all variables except the sex ratio and the average age at marriage for women have a significant effect on the total fertility rate.

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