FAITH AND CHILD SURVIVAL: THE ROLE OF RELIGION IN CHILDHOOD IMMUNIZATION IN NIGERIA

2009 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
DIDDY ANTAI
Keyword(s):  
Religious Affiliation ◽  
Child Survival ◽  
Childhood Immunization ◽  
Child Immunization ◽  
Competing Hypotheses ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Role Of Religion ◽  
Full Immunization ◽  
Reduced Risk

SummaryThis study assessed the role of mother’s religious affiliation in child immunization status of surviving children 12 months of age and older in Nigeria, using data from the 2003 Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS). Guided by two competing hypotheses – the ‘characteristics hypothesis’ and the ‘particularized theology hypothesis’ – variations in the risks of child immunization in Nigeria were examined using logistic regression analysis. The results indicate that religion plays a role in the risk of non-immunization; religion was not associated with the risk of partial immunization; however, religion was significantly associated with the reduced risk of full immunization.

Islamic Law and International Law

2019 ◽  
pp. 86-124
Author(s):  
Emilia Justyna Powell
Keyword(s):  
International Law ◽  
Analogical Reasoning ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
Religious Affiliation ◽  
Customary Law ◽  
Legal Tradition ◽  
Legal Traditions ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Role Of Religion

This chapter explores in considerable detail differences and similarities between the Islamic legal tradition and international law. It discusses in detail the historical interaction between these legal traditions, their co-evolution, and the academic conversations on this topic. The chapter also addresses the Islamic milieu’s contributions to international law, and sources of Islamic law including the Quran, sunna, judicial consensus, and analogical reasoning. It talks about the role of religion in international law. Mapping the specific characteristics of Islamic law and international law offers a glimpse of the contrasting and similar paradigms, spirit, and operation of law. This chapter identifies three points of convergence: law of scholars, customary law, and rule of law; as well as three points of departure: relation between law and religion, sources of law, and religious features in the courtroom (religious affiliation and gender of judges, holy oaths).

Culture, Citizenship Norms, and Political Participation: Empirical Evidence from Taiwan

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 256-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
WEN-CHUN CHANG
Keyword(s):  
Political Participation ◽  
Asian Country ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
East Asian Country ◽  
Cultural Perspective ◽  
Good Citizen ◽  
Citizenship Norms ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Role Of Religion

AbstractThis study investigates the role of religion in shaping the norms of citizenship from a cultural perspective for an East Asian country that exhibits fundamental differences in social contexts from Western advanced democracies. Using data drawn from the Taiwan Social Change Survey, we find that the Eastern religions of Buddhism, Taoism, and Folk Religions are important for explaining the formation of the concept of being a good citizen. This study further examines the relationships between citizenship norms and various conventional and unconventional types of political participation. The empirical results herein suggest that duty-based citizenship and engaged citizenship have significant differences in their effects on political participation.

scholarly journals Is Religion a Determinant of Financial Development?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Amissah ◽  
Katarzyna Świerczyńska
Keyword(s):  
Financial Development ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
World Values Survey ◽  
Economic Growth And Development ◽  
Significant Negative Relationship ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Role Of Religion ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Different Levels

AbstractStudies on the determinants of financial development have been silent on the role of religion. Growing evidence in the literature about how financial development positively affects economic growth and development highlights a greater interest in understanding the determinants of financial development. Despite the growing interest in this direction, less focus has been given to the role of religion in financial development. Using data from the World Values Survey, this study explores the relationship between finance and religion. In this study, finance is modelled through different measures of financial development and religion is represented by the intensity of religiosity. Results showed that on average there is a significant negative relationship. Subsequent analysis showed that as countries become financially developed, this negative relationship becomes insignificant. The quantile regression technique was employed to capture the nature of the relationship at different levels. The analysis showed that as countries become financially developed, the negative relationship becomes insignificant to financial development. These results account for some of the differences in the level of financial development between developed and developing countries where the latter tend to be more religious than the former.

Euroscepticism and Protestant Heritage: The Role of Religion on EU Issue Voting

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-149
Author(s):  
Margarete Scherer
Keyword(s):  
European Integration ◽  
The Political ◽  
European Identity ◽  
Nation State ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
Issue Voting ◽  
Using Data ◽  
European Parliament Elections ◽  
Role Of Religion

AbstractThis paper focuses on the historical ties between Protestantism and the nation-state, as well as between Catholicism and supranationalism, to widen the political science debate on different conditions of EU issue voting. Research suggests that the political context in each nation-state shapes the extent to which individual Eurosceptic attitudes influence the decision to vote for Eurosceptic parties. In addition to this, I expect that a nations' religious background responds differently to this relationship. Using data from the 2014 European Parliament elections, I show that citizens from predominantly Protestant countries actually decide for Eurosceptic parties if they hold negative attitudes towards European integration. In contrast, citizens from predominantly Catholic countries may or may not vote for Eurosceptic parties, but their voting decision is not based on individual EU attitudes such as support for European integration, trust in EU institutions or European identity.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of inactive COVID-19 vaccines against severe illness in B.1.617.2 (Delta) variant-infected patients in Jiangsu, China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianming Wang ◽  
Peng Huang ◽  
Yongxiang Yi ◽  
Meng Zhu ◽  
Junwei Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protective Effect ◽  
Real World ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Severe Illness ◽  
Inactivated Vaccine ◽  
Course Of Disease ◽  
Severe Stage ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Full Immunization ◽  
Reduced Risk

The SARS-CoV-2 B.1.617.2 (Delta) variant has caused a new surge in the number of COVID-19 cases. The effectiveness of vaccines against this variant is not fully understood. Using data from a recent large-scale outbreak of COVID-19 in China, we conducted a real-world study to explore the effect of inactivated vaccine immunization on the course of disease in patients infected with Delta variants. We recruited 476 confirmed cases over the age of 18, of which 42 were severe. After adjusting for age, gender, and comorbidities, patients who received two doses of inactivated vaccine (fully vaccinated) had an 88% reduced risk in progressing to the severe stage (adjusted OR: 0.12, 95% CI: 0.02- 0.45). However, this protective effect was not observed in patients who only received only one dose of the vaccine(adjusted OR: 1.11, 95% CI: 0.51- 2.36). The full immunization offered 100% protection from a severe illness among women. The effect of the vaccine was potentially affected by underlying medical conditions (OR: 0.26, 95% CI: 0.03-1.23). This is the largest real-world study confirming the effectiveness of inactive COVID-19 vaccines against severe illness in Delta variant-infected patients in Jiangsu, China.

scholarly journals Do Religious People Have More Children? The Effect of Religious Affiliation and Religiosity on Fertility

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 479-499
Author(s):  
Iim Halimatusa’diyah ◽  
◽  
Dzuriyatun Toyibah ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Religious Affiliation ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Fertility Rate ◽  
High Fertility ◽  
Fertility Rates ◽  
World Value Survey ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Lower Fertility ◽  
Role Of Religion

This paper aimed to examine the effect of religious affiliation and religiosity on the fertility rate. While scholars have predicted the decline of religion’s influence, practice, and role in modern societies, religion still plays a vital role in shaping individuals’ behavior, including their fertility behavior. While there have been many studies on the role of religion on fertility, few studies have compared the fertility rates among people from different religious affiliations and their practices of religiosity. Additionally, cross-national analyses of the fertility rate of religious individuals who live as a majority or minority in various countries are still limited. Drawing from the World Value Survey data and using OLS regression to examine interaction and socialization, and minority-status approaches to the relationship between religion and fertility behaviors, this study revealed that Muslims are more likely to have a higher number of children among the explored religions. In terms of religiosity, those who are more religious, from all religious affiliations, demonstrated the same likelihood of having high fertility. Additionally, while both ritual and belief dimensions of religiosity are significantly associated with a high fertility rate for all religious affiliations, all dimensions of religiosity had significant effects on fertility for Muslims. Furthermore, Muslim and Christian minorities were likely to have lower fertility rates than their counterparts with majority status.

RESEARCHERS, RELIGION AND CHILDLESSNESS

2015 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 391-405 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabella Buber-Ennser ◽  
Vegard Skirbekk
Keyword(s):  
Representative Sample ◽  
Multivariate Analyses ◽  
Religious Affiliation ◽  
Explanatory Power ◽  
Research Scientists ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Role Of Religion

SummaryThis study analysed childlessness and religion among female research scientists in the Austrian context. The aim of the study was to investigate the role of religion in intended childlessness and realized childlessness. The analysis was based on a representative sample of Austrian women aged 25–45 (N=2623), with a specific sample of female research scientists aged 25–45 (N=186), carried out in the framework of the Generations and Gender Survey conducted in 2008/09. The results indicate that religious affiliation and self-assessed religiosity are strongly related to fertility. Multivariate analyses reveal that education has no explanatory power in terms of explaining intended childlessness, once religious affiliation and self-assessed religiosity are taken into consideration.

RELIGIOUS INFLUENCE ON NON-USE OF MODERN CONTRACEPTIVES AMONG WOMEN IN NIGERIA: COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF 1990 AND 2008 NDHS

2014 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 593-612 ◽  
Author(s):  
ONIPEDE WUSU
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Religious Affiliation ◽  
Religious Influence ◽  
Traditional Religions ◽  
Modern Contraceptives ◽  
Health Survey Data ◽  
Education And Employment ◽  
Role Of Religion

SummaryThe role of religion in contraceptive use is an issue of significant debate. This study employed the 1990 and 2008 Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey data to examine differences and similarities in the influence of religious affiliation on non-use of modern contraceptives in Nigeria over the last two decades. The results suggest that a significant increase has occurred in the level of awareness of modern contraceptives in Nigeria over the last two decades, but that non-use remains very high. Religion could not independently predict non-use of modern contraceptives in 1990. Women of Islam and Traditional religions were more likely to have never used or not to be using modern contraceptives compared with Catholics and Protestants in 2008 (p<0.05). This can be explained by their poorer socioeconomic status relative to Catholics and Protestants. Therefore, improving women's socioeconomic status is an imperative in the promotion of modern contraception in Nigeria. Education and employment are critical in this regard and adherents of Islam and Traditional religions require special attention.

scholarly journals Does Religion Suppress Gender Differences in Values? A Cross-National Examination

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Landon Schnabel
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Social Consequences ◽  
Religious Groups ◽  
National Examination ◽  
Muslim Majority ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Role Of Religion ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Cross National

Women are typically more liberal than men. But on some issues related to “traditional moral values”—including sexuality and the beginning and end of life—women are just as if not more conservative than men. This study examines the role of religion in complicating the relationship between gender and values cross-nationally, with particular attention to variation across religious groups and contexts. Using data from a diverse set of 56 countries in the World Values Survey (N=85,181), I find that religiousness suppresses what would otherwise be larger and more consistent gender differences in values among Christians. Among most other groups, including Jews, Hindus, Buddhists, Taoists, and Muslims in non-Muslim contexts, religiousness does not greatly alter gender differences in values. However, among Muslims in Muslim-majority contexts—where men tend to be more religious than women—religiousness amplifies what would otherwise be smaller gender differences in values. Accordingly, gender differences in values tend to be larger among Muslims than Christians. I conclude that religions are complex and powerful social structures with heterogeneous social consequences.

Politics of God or Politics of Man? The Role of Religion and Deprivation in Predicting Support for Political Violence in Israel

2007 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 499-521 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eran Zaidise ◽  
Daphna Canetti-Nisim ◽  
Ami Pedahzur
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation Modeling ◽  
Political Violence ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Religious Affiliation ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Negative Stereotypes ◽  
Cast Doubt ◽  
Role Of Religion ◽  
Religious Differences

This study examines the associations between religious affiliation and religiosity and support for political violence through a nationwide sample of Israeli Jews and Muslims. Based on structural equation modeling, the findings show that by and large Muslims are more supportive of political violence than Jews and more religious persons are less supportive of political violence. Deprivation, however, was found to mediate these relations, showing that the more deprived – whether Muslims or Jews, religious or non-religious persons – are more supportive of political violence. The explanatory strength of religion and deprivation combined in this manner was found to be stronger than any of these variables on their own. The findings cast doubt on negative stereotypes both of Islam and of religiosity as promoting political violence. They suggest that governments which want peace at home, in Israel as elsewhere, would do well to ensure that ethnic and religious differences are not translated into, and compounded by, wide socio-economic gaps.

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