RELIGIOUS INFLUENCE ON NON-USE OF MODERN CONTRACEPTIVES AMONG WOMEN IN NIGERIA: COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF 1990 AND 2008 NDHS

2014 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 593-612 ◽  
Author(s):  
ONIPEDE WUSU
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Religious Affiliation ◽  
Religious Influence ◽  
Traditional Religions ◽  
Modern Contraceptives ◽  
Health Survey Data ◽  
Education And Employment ◽  
Role Of Religion

SummaryThe role of religion in contraceptive use is an issue of significant debate. This study employed the 1990 and 2008 Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey data to examine differences and similarities in the influence of religious affiliation on non-use of modern contraceptives in Nigeria over the last two decades. The results suggest that a significant increase has occurred in the level of awareness of modern contraceptives in Nigeria over the last two decades, but that non-use remains very high. Religion could not independently predict non-use of modern contraceptives in 1990. Women of Islam and Traditional religions were more likely to have never used or not to be using modern contraceptives compared with Catholics and Protestants in 2008 (p<0.05). This can be explained by their poorer socioeconomic status relative to Catholics and Protestants. Therefore, improving women's socioeconomic status is an imperative in the promotion of modern contraception in Nigeria. Education and employment are critical in this regard and adherents of Islam and Traditional religions require special attention.

Islamic Law and International Law

2019 ◽  
pp. 86-124
Author(s):  
Emilia Justyna Powell
Keyword(s):  
International Law ◽  
Analogical Reasoning ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
Religious Affiliation ◽  
Customary Law ◽  
Legal Tradition ◽  
Legal Traditions ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Role Of Religion

This chapter explores in considerable detail differences and similarities between the Islamic legal tradition and international law. It discusses in detail the historical interaction between these legal traditions, their co-evolution, and the academic conversations on this topic. The chapter also addresses the Islamic milieu’s contributions to international law, and sources of Islamic law including the Quran, sunna, judicial consensus, and analogical reasoning. It talks about the role of religion in international law. Mapping the specific characteristics of Islamic law and international law offers a glimpse of the contrasting and similar paradigms, spirit, and operation of law. This chapter identifies three points of convergence: law of scholars, customary law, and rule of law; as well as three points of departure: relation between law and religion, sources of law, and religious features in the courtroom (religious affiliation and gender of judges, holy oaths).

Anticlerical Discourse in Modern Russian Science

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4-1) ◽  
pp. 88-111
Author(s):  
Andrey Beskov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Political Discourse ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Religious Revival ◽  
Russian Science ◽  
Positive Role ◽  
Traditional Religions ◽  
Russian Scientific ◽  
State Of Affairs ◽  
Role Of Religion

One can often read about the religious revival that came about in Russia after the collapse of Soviet power, both in the media and in scientific literature. According to opinion polls, the majority of Russians are believers, mostly orthodox Christians. The Russian state clearly patronizes religion, at least some specific ("traditional") religions. In socio-political discourse, the prevailing view is that religion is a good thing, and if sometimes religion is a source of problems, it is associated with some deviations from the norm, a perversion of the very essence of religion. This point of view can easily be found in Russian scientific periodicals. However, a critical attitude towards the growing role of religion in Russia is also often expressed in Russian science. The article highlights the main reasons for the dissatisfaction of scholars with the current state of affairs. It is also shown that such works have no influence on the religious situation in Russia. Although anti-clerical sentiments are quite clearly expressed in Russian science, they do not fall into the socio-political discourse, since there is simply no such force in Russia that could consistently promote the principle of secularism. In search of an additional electoral resource and a replacement for the Soviet ideology, the authorities did everything to enhance the importance of religion and strengthen the authority of religious leaders. As a result, today, despite the fact that the real level of religiosity of the population is apparently much lower than is commonly believed, politicians (even opposition ones) are not ready to openly doubt the positive role of religion, fearing PR problems.

RELIGION AND POLITICS IN AFRICA: THREE STUDIES ON NIGERIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 165-177
Author(s):  
Mohammed Bashir Salau
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Public Support ◽  
Religion And Politics ◽  
The Body ◽  
Traditional Religions ◽  
University Centers ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Role Of Religion

Until the second half of the twentieth century, the role of religion in Africa was profoundly neglected. There were no university centers devoted to the study of religion in Africa; there was only a handful of scholars who focused primarily on religious studies and most of them were not historians; and there were relatively few serious empirical studies on Christianity, Islam, and African traditional religions. This paucity of rigorous research began to be remedied in the 1960s and by the last decade of the twentieth century, the body of literature on religion in Africa had expanded significantly. The burgeoning research and serious coverage of the role of religion in African societies has initially drawn great impetus from university centers located in the West and in various parts of Africa that were committed to demonstrating that Africa has a rich history even before European contact. Accordingly scholars associated with such university centers have since the 1960s acquired and systematically catalogued private religious manuscripts and written numerous pan-African, regional, national, and local studies on diverse topics including spirit mediumship, witchcraft, African systems of thought, African evangelists and catechists, Mahdism, Pentecostalism, slavery, conversion, African religious diasporas and their impact on host societies, and religion and politics. Although the three works under review here deal with the role of religion in an African context, they mainly contribute to addressing three major questions in the study of religion and politics: How do Islam and other religious orientations shape public support for democracy? What is the primary cause of conflict or religious violence? What strategies should be employed to resolve such conflicts and violence?

scholarly journals Religionin the Information Society (Sociological Etude)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amiran Berdzenishvili ◽  
Kakha Ketsbaia
Keyword(s):  
Mass Culture ◽  
Information Society ◽  
Religious Faith ◽  
Virtual Space ◽  
Word Of God ◽  
Eternal Truth ◽  
Traditional Religions ◽  
Digital Expression ◽  
Role Of Religion

The main central questions asked in the article are the following: Is the role of religion belittled in the contemporary information society? If culture turned into mass-culture, is it possible that the same fate awaits religion? If it is so and religion will lose its significance for and influence on society, then what final result will this process bring? Are we moving towards an areligious society? But if the processes go vice-versa,they can evoke an opposite reaction and traditional religions will fill with fresh energy and begin a full-blooded life. According to the authors of the article, an information space is simply a superficial cover of man’s spiritual life. That is why a virtual cyber-church will never replace a real temple. It is a parody and simulation of a real church. And the day will come when man escapes from the slavery of this simulation and virtual reality and will return to the eternal truth and genuine religious faith. It seems that man enfeebled by the illusion of pseudo-religion and pseudo faith has a serious exam to pass.It can be easily seen that pseudo-religion which is constructed in the artificial virtual space has no future and that any experiments in this sphere are, from the very beginning doomed to failure. Religious life means a live communication with the transcendent and it is lost in the case of virtualization. The internet can be a fine means for spreading the word of God, but it (Internet) has its own rules of speech that are not relevant for the language of the divine service. We think that a digital expression of religion is absurd and nothing more.

FAITH AND CHILD SURVIVAL: THE ROLE OF RELIGION IN CHILDHOOD IMMUNIZATION IN NIGERIA

2009 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
DIDDY ANTAI
Keyword(s):  
Religious Affiliation ◽  
Child Survival ◽  
Childhood Immunization ◽  
Child Immunization ◽  
Competing Hypotheses ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Role Of Religion ◽  
Full Immunization ◽  
Reduced Risk

SummaryThis study assessed the role of mother’s religious affiliation in child immunization status of surviving children 12 months of age and older in Nigeria, using data from the 2003 Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS). Guided by two competing hypotheses – the ‘characteristics hypothesis’ and the ‘particularized theology hypothesis’ – variations in the risks of child immunization in Nigeria were examined using logistic regression analysis. The results indicate that religion plays a role in the risk of non-immunization; religion was not associated with the risk of partial immunization; however, religion was significantly associated with the reduced risk of full immunization.

scholarly journals Do Religious People Have More Children? The Effect of Religious Affiliation and Religiosity on Fertility

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 479-499
Author(s):  
Iim Halimatusa’diyah ◽  
◽  
Dzuriyatun Toyibah ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Religious Affiliation ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Fertility Rate ◽  
High Fertility ◽  
Fertility Rates ◽  
World Value Survey ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Lower Fertility ◽  
Role Of Religion

This paper aimed to examine the effect of religious affiliation and religiosity on the fertility rate. While scholars have predicted the decline of religion’s influence, practice, and role in modern societies, religion still plays a vital role in shaping individuals’ behavior, including their fertility behavior. While there have been many studies on the role of religion on fertility, few studies have compared the fertility rates among people from different religious affiliations and their practices of religiosity. Additionally, cross-national analyses of the fertility rate of religious individuals who live as a majority or minority in various countries are still limited. Drawing from the World Value Survey data and using OLS regression to examine interaction and socialization, and minority-status approaches to the relationship between religion and fertility behaviors, this study revealed that Muslims are more likely to have a higher number of children among the explored religions. In terms of religiosity, those who are more religious, from all religious affiliations, demonstrated the same likelihood of having high fertility. Additionally, while both ritual and belief dimensions of religiosity are significantly associated with a high fertility rate for all religious affiliations, all dimensions of religiosity had significant effects on fertility for Muslims. Furthermore, Muslim and Christian minorities were likely to have lower fertility rates than their counterparts with majority status.

RESEARCHERS, RELIGION AND CHILDLESSNESS

2015 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 391-405 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabella Buber-Ennser ◽  
Vegard Skirbekk
Keyword(s):  
Representative Sample ◽  
Multivariate Analyses ◽  
Religious Affiliation ◽  
Explanatory Power ◽  
Research Scientists ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Role Of Religion

SummaryThis study analysed childlessness and religion among female research scientists in the Austrian context. The aim of the study was to investigate the role of religion in intended childlessness and realized childlessness. The analysis was based on a representative sample of Austrian women aged 25–45 (N=2623), with a specific sample of female research scientists aged 25–45 (N=186), carried out in the framework of the Generations and Gender Survey conducted in 2008/09. The results indicate that religious affiliation and self-assessed religiosity are strongly related to fertility. Multivariate analyses reveal that education has no explanatory power in terms of explaining intended childlessness, once religious affiliation and self-assessed religiosity are taken into consideration.

Religious practice and belief in the Republic of Buryatia: comparing across faiths and national groups

2014 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 165-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward C. Holland
Keyword(s):  
Religious Education ◽  
Religious Practice ◽  
The Political ◽  
The Public ◽  
Traditional Religions ◽  
Public Role ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Role Of Religion ◽  
Recent Extension

Using results from a 2010 survey conducted in the Republic of Buryatia, this paper compares the responses of Russians and Buryats on questions of religious practice and belief, as well as the role of religion and religious organizations in the political sphere of contemporary Russia. Buryats more commonly identify with a religion and more frequently attend religious services in comparison to Russians living in the republic. There is greater consonance between the two groups on the public role of religion, with both Russians and Buryats generally supportive of the recent extension of religious education into schools and the creation of national holidays for all traditional religions, among other issues.

scholarly journals Organizational Culture under Religious Influence

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Mazur
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Culture ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Cultural Dimensions ◽  
Religious Influence ◽  
Independent Variable ◽  
Role Of Religion ◽  
Analytical Approaches ◽  
Published Research

Based on a review of articles and other published research work as well as the results of the author’s research conducted in organizations operating in religiously diverse environments in Poland, this chapter examines the influence of religion on organizational culture. The most important findings of this work concern the vital role religion plays in an organization and its culture. This paper examines religion’s influence on organizational culture, which is considered as an independent variable. It proposes a model of organizational culture enriched by the channel by which religion enters the organization’s set of values and norms. The chapter consists of the following parts: the analysis of the role of religion in an organization in the light of hitherto research, cultural dimensions of religion, analytical approaches to organizational culture, the integrated model of organizational culture enhanced by the aspect of religion, and the research results confirming the influence of Catholic and Orthodox religions on organizational culture.

Politics of God or Politics of Man? The Role of Religion and Deprivation in Predicting Support for Political Violence in Israel

2007 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 499-521 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eran Zaidise ◽  
Daphna Canetti-Nisim ◽  
Ami Pedahzur
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation Modeling ◽  
Political Violence ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Religious Affiliation ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Negative Stereotypes ◽  
Cast Doubt ◽  
Role Of Religion ◽  
Religious Differences

This study examines the associations between religious affiliation and religiosity and support for political violence through a nationwide sample of Israeli Jews and Muslims. Based on structural equation modeling, the findings show that by and large Muslims are more supportive of political violence than Jews and more religious persons are less supportive of political violence. Deprivation, however, was found to mediate these relations, showing that the more deprived – whether Muslims or Jews, religious or non-religious persons – are more supportive of political violence. The explanatory strength of religion and deprivation combined in this manner was found to be stronger than any of these variables on their own. The findings cast doubt on negative stereotypes both of Islam and of religiosity as promoting political violence. They suggest that governments which want peace at home, in Israel as elsewhere, would do well to ensure that ethnic and religious differences are not translated into, and compounded by, wide socio-economic gaps.

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