scholarly journals A Western Reversal Since the Neolithic? The Long-Run Impact of Early Agriculture

2020 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 100-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ola Olsson ◽  
Christopher Paik
Keyword(s):  
Reduced Form ◽  
Early Agriculture ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Neolithic Agriculture ◽  
European Colonization ◽  
Transition To Agriculture ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Reversal Of Fortune ◽  
Early Transition

In this article we document a reversal of fortune within the Western agricultural core, showing that regions which made early transition to Neolithic agriculture are now poorer than regions that made the transition later. The finding contrasts recent influential works emphasizing the beneficial role of early transition. Using data from a large number of carbon-dated Neolithic sites throughout the Western agricultural area, we determine approximate transition dates for about 60 countries, 280 medium-sized regions, and 1,400 small regions. Our empirical analysis shows that there is a robust negative, reduced-form relationship between years since transition to agriculture and contemporary levels of income both across and within countries. Our results further indicate that the reversal had started to emerge already before the era of European colonization.

Implications of The National Employment Savings Trust for Vulnerable Sectors of the UK Labour Market: A Reduced-Form Statistical Evaluation

2012 ◽  
Vol 219 ◽  
pp. R77-R89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justin van de Ven
Keyword(s):  
Potential Role ◽  
Statistical Evaluation ◽  
Reduced Form ◽  
Pension Scheme ◽  
Annual Survey ◽  
Labour Costs ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Low Pay

The National Employment Savings Trust (NEST) is a new pension scheme that will be introduced for employees on modest incomes in the UK from 2012. This paper draws out the implications of the NEST, focusing upon low-paid employees and their employers using data from the Annual Survey of Hours and Earnings. The results suggest that the NEST will increase labour costs by between 0.6 and 0.8 per cent on average, and have a disproportionate effect on low pay industries and private sector firms employing fewer than 25 employees. The analysis highlights the potential role of the minimum wage to shield low pay workers from paying a share of the subsidies that the NEST will afford to its members.

The Problem of Identifying and Modeling the Relationship between Monetary Factor and Inflation in the Russian Economy

2008 ◽  
pp. 61-76
Author(s):  
A. Porshakov ◽  
A. Ponomarenko
Keyword(s):  
Money Supply ◽  
Money Demand ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Complex Approach ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Supply Side Factors

The role of monetary factor in generating inflationary processes in Russia has stimulated various debates in social and scientific circles for a relatively long time. The authors show that identification of the specificity of relationship between money and inflation requires a complex approach based on statistical modeling and involving a wide range of indicators relevant for the price changes in the economy. As a result a model of inflation for Russia implying the decomposition of inflation dynamics into demand-side and supply-side factors is suggested. The main conclusion drawn is that during the recent years the volume of inflationary pressures in the Russian economy has been determined by the deviation of money supply from money demand, rather than by money supply alone. At the same time, monetary factor has a long-run spread over time impact on inflation.

The Role of Technological Change in the Long-run Global Economy Forecasting

2013 ◽  
pp. 97-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Apokin
Keyword(s):  
Technological Change ◽  
Data Quality ◽  
Long Range ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Qualitative Approaches ◽  
Long Run ◽  
The World ◽  
National Economies

The author compares several quantitative and qualitative approaches to forecasting to find appropriate methods to incorporate technological change in long-range forecasts of the world economy. A?number of long-run forecasts (with horizons over 10 years) for the world economy and national economies is reviewed to outline advantages and drawbacks for different ways to account for technological change. Various approaches based on their sensitivity to data quality and robustness to model misspecifications are compared and recommendations are offered on the choice of appropriate technique in long-run forecasts of the world economy in the presence of technological change.

INOVASI PEMBELAJARAN AKIDAH AKHLAK MENGGUNAKAN METODE ROLE PLAY DALAM MENINGKATKAN PRESTASI BELAJAR SISWA

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-63
Author(s):  
Ansori Ansori
Keyword(s):  
Data Reduction ◽  
Role Play ◽  
Learning Goals ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Learning Materials ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Flexible Schedule ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Real Action

The use of various methods will greatly help students in achieving learning goals. As role play method is one way mastery of learning materials through the development of imagination and appreciation of students on learning materials. Data collection techniques in this study are observation, interviews, and documentation. To analyze the data in this research using data analysis technique of Miles and Huberman model that is data reduction (Data Reduction), data presentation (Data Display) and conclusion (Conclution Drawing / verification) The findings in this research is innovation of role play method can change paradigm to the new paradigm so that the role of the teacher is more as a facilitator, counselor, consultant, and comrade study Flexible schedule, open as needed Learning directed by students themselves Problem-based, project, real world, real action, and reflection Design and investigation. Computers as tools, and dynamic media presentations.

Electricity consumption and economic growth in ASEAN

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 16
Author(s):  
Ahmad Ghazali Ismail ◽  
Arlinah Abd Rashid ◽  
Azlina Hanif
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Panel Estimation ◽  
Real Gdp ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Bidirectional Relationship ◽  
Short Run ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship and causality direction between electricity consumption and economic growth is an important issue in the fields of energy economics and policies towards energy use. Extensive literatures has discussed the issue, but the array of findings provides anything but consensus on either the existence of relations or direction of causality between the variables. This study extends research in this area by studying the long-run and causal relations between economic growth, electricity consumption, labour and capital based on the neo-classical one sector aggregate production technology mode using data of electricity consumption and real GDP for ASEAN from the year 1983 to 2012. The analysis is conducted using advanced panel estimation approaches and found no causality in the short run while in the long-run, the results indicate that there are bidirectional relationship among variables. This study provides supplementary evidences of relationship between electricity consumption and economic growth in ASEAN.

The role of corporate investment in social responsible practices in the promotion of employees’ organizational citizenship behaviour

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Patrícia Duarte ◽  
José Gonçalves das Neves
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Organizational Citizenship ◽  
Economic Uncertainty ◽  
Socially Responsible ◽  
Organizational Survival ◽  
Current Scenario ◽  
Reducing Costs ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Airline Company

In the current scenario of economic uncertainty, where many organizations struggle harder for reducing costs while improving their competitiveness, employees’ organizational citizenship behaviours might have an enhanced importance for organizational survival and success. A model proposing that corporate engagement in internal socially responsible practices enhances employees’ job satisfaction and consequently increases employees’ extra-role behaviours was tested. Using data obtained from a sample of employees from an airline company (n=133), the model was examined and supported. We have therefore concluded that organizations may foster employees’ extra-role behaviours by investing in corporate socially responsible practices that signal corporate concern with employees and promote job satisfaction.

Peranan Ketua Pengurus dan Manajer Dalam Penyusunan dan Penerapan Laporan Keuangan Berbasis SAK ETAP Pada Koperasi di Kota Palembang

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 119
Author(s):  
Riza Syahputera ◽  
Martha Rianty
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Financial Statements ◽  
Significant Positive Effect ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Regression Test ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The City ◽  
Positive Effect

AbstractThis study aims to determine the effect of the role of the Chairperson and Cooperative Manager in the preparation and application of Financial Statements based on SAK ETAP in cooperatives in the city of Palembang. This research is a quantitative study using data obtained from questionnaires and measured using a Likert scale. The sampling technique used is purposive sampling. The sample used in this study was the Chairperson of the cooperative and the manager of the cooperative in the city of Palembang. The cooperatives studied were 203 cooperatives. The data analysis technique used is multiple linear regression test. The results showed that the role of cooperative leaders and managers had a significant positive effect on the preparation and application of SAK ETAP-based financial statements.Keywords : chairman, manager, SAK ETAP, cooperative

Influence of Confucian culture on entrepreneurial decision making using data from China's floating population

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (7) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Ran Xiong ◽  
Ping Wei
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Floating Population ◽  
Positive Role ◽  
Confucian Culture ◽  
Chinese Nation ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Entrepreneurial Decision ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
The Relationship

Confucian culture has had a deep-rooted influence on Chinese thinking and behavior for more than 2,000 years. With a manually created Confucian culture database and the 2017 China floating population survey, we used empirical analysis to test the relationship between Confucian culture and individual entrepreneurial choice using data obtained from China's floating population. After using the presence and number of Confucian schools and temples, and of chaste women as instrumental variables to counteract problems of endogeneity, we found that Confucian culture had a significant role in promoting individuals' entrepreneurial decision making among China's floating population. The results showed that, compared with those from areas of China not strongly influenced by Confucian culture, individuals from areas that are strongly influenced by Confucian culture were more likely to choose entrepreneurship as their occupation choice. Our findings reveal cultural factors that affect individual entrepreneurial behavior, and also illustrate the positive role of Confucianism as a representative of the typical cultures of the Chinese nation in the 21st century.

CEO and CFO Equity Incentives and the Pricing of Audit Services

2013 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Anthony Billings ◽  
Xinghua Gao ◽  
Yonghong Jia
Keyword(s):  
Positive Association ◽  
Audit Fees ◽  
Internal Controls ◽  
Audit Risk ◽  
Pricing Decisions ◽  
Equity Incentives ◽  
Accounting Scandals ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Distinctive Role

SUMMARY: The alleged perverse role of managerial incentives in accounting scandals, and the distinctive role of auditors in identifying and intervening in attempted earnings manipulation, highlight the importance of explicitly considering executive incentive plans by auditors in the auditing process. By empirically testing auditors' responses to CEO/CFO equity incentives in planning and pricing decisions using data from 2002 through 2009, we document compelling evidence that CFO equity incentives are positively associated with audit fees and CEO equity incentives are not statistically related to audit fees, suggesting that auditors perceive heightened audit risk associated with CFO equity incentives. Our further analyses reveal that the positive association between CFO equity incentives and audit fees is more pronounced in firms with weak internal controls, indicating heightened risk associated with CFO equity incentives in this setting perceived by auditors. JEL Classifications: G30, G34, M42, M52.

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