scholarly journals A Statistical Analysis of Some Measures of the State of A Glacier’s “Health”

1972 ◽  
Vol 11 (61) ◽  
pp. 73-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. E. Dugdale
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Conceptual Models ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
The State ◽  
Equilibrium Line ◽  
Equilibrium Line Altitude ◽  
Regional Determination

Abstract Data from Norwegian glaciers and statistical tests are presented which suggest that vertical net-budget gradient, ablation gradient and equilibrium-line altitude can be taken as characteristic for any particular glacier. The usefulness of these conceptual models as predictive techniques for the regional determination of glacier net budget when only a small sample is available, and in palaeo-net-budget studies, is shown to be limited.

scholarly journals A Statistical Analysis of Some Measures of the State of A Glacier’s “Health”

1972 ◽  
Vol 11 (61) ◽  
pp. 73-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. E. Dugdale
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Conceptual Models ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
The State ◽  
Equilibrium Line ◽  
Equilibrium Line Altitude ◽  
Regional Determination

AbstractData from Norwegian glaciers and statistical tests are presented which suggest that vertical net-budget gradient, ablation gradient and equilibrium-line altitude can be taken as characteristic for any particular glacier. The usefulness of these conceptual models as predictive techniques for the regional determination of glacier net budget when only a small sample is available, and in palaeo-net-budget studies, is shown to be limited.

scholarly journals Statistical analysis for explosives detection system test and evaluation

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Lukow ◽  
James C. Weatherall
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Detection System ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Performance Testing ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Explosives Detection ◽  
Trace Detection ◽  
Sample Number ◽  
Detection Systems

AbstractThe verification of trace explosives detection systems is often constrained to small sample sets, so it is important to support the significance of the results with statistical analysis. As binary measurements, the trials are assessed using binomial statistics. A method is described based on the probability confidence interval and expressed in terms of the upper confidence interval bound that reports the probability of successful detection and its level of statistical confidence. These parameters provide useful measures of the system’s performance. The propriety of combining statistics for similar tests—for example in trace detection trials of an explosive on multiple surfaces—is examined by statistical tests. The use of normal statistics is commonly applied to binary testing, but the confidence intervals are known to behave poorly in many circumstances, including small sample numbers. The improvement of the normal approximation with increasing sample number is shown not to be substantial for the typical numbers used in this type of explosives detection system testing, and binary statistics are preferred. The methods and techniques described here for testing trace detection can be applied as well to performance testing of explosives detection systems in general.

An influence of social isolation on the level of physical activity as well as on well-being and mental state of people during the coronavirus COVID-19 pandemic

2019 ◽  
Vol 129 (4) ◽  
pp. 127-131
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Parfin ◽  
Krystian Wdowiak ◽  
Marzena Furtak-Niczyporuk ◽  
Jolanta Herda
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Small Sample Size ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Population Group ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
The Impact

AbstractIntroduction. The COVID-19 is the name of an infectious disease caused by a new strain of coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2). It was first diagnosed in December 2019 in patients in Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China. The symptoms are dominated by features of respiratory tract infections, in some patients with a very severe course leading to respiratory failure and, in extreme cases to death. Due to the spread of the infection worldwide, the WHO declared a pandemic in March 2020.Aim. An investigation of the impact of social isolation introduced due to the coronavirus pandemic on selected aspects of life. The researchers focused on observing changes in habits related to physical activity and their connections with people’s subjective well-being and emotional state.Material and methods. The study was carried out within the international project of the group „IRG on COVID and exercise”. The research tool was a standardized questionnaire.Results. Based on the data collected and the analysis of the percentage results, it can be observed that the overwhelming majority of people taking up physical activity reported a better mood during the pandemic. However, statistical tests do not confirm these relationships due to the small sample size.Conclusions. Isolation favours physical activity. Future, in-depth studies, by enlarging the population group, are necessary to confirm the above observations.

About Measures of the State Support for Technical Equipment of Agricultural Producers

2020 ◽  
pp. 20-27
Author(s):  
A.Ya. Kibirov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
High Performance ◽  
The State ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Technical Equipment ◽  
Agricultural Machinery ◽  
State Support ◽  
Agricultural Producers ◽  
Technical Base

The article uses methods of statistical analysis, deduction and analogy to consider programs at the Federal, regional and economic levels, which provide for measures aimed at improving the technical equipment of agricultural producers. Particular attention is paid to the acquisition of energy-saving, high-performance agricultural machinery and equipment used in the production and processing of agricultural products. An assessment of the effectiveness of state support for updating the material and technical base of agriculture is given. Based on the results of the study, conclusions and recommendations were formulated.

Method development for the determination of textural properties of sugar beet roots

2019 ◽  
pp. 392-400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gunnar Kleuker ◽  
Christa M. Hoffmann
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Compression Test ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Textural Properties ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Root Tip ◽  
Flexural Test ◽  
Sample Distribution ◽  
The Impact

The harvest of sugar beet leads to root tip breakage and surface damage through mechanical impacts, which increase storage losses. For the determination of textural properties of sugar beet roots with a texture analyzer a reliable method description is missing. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of washing, soil tare, storage period from washing until measurement, sample distribution and number of roots on puncture and compression measurements. For this purpose, in 2017 comprehensive tests were conducted with sugar beet roots grown in a greenhouse. In a second step these tests were carried out with different Beta varieties from a field trial, and in addition, a flexural test was included. Results show that the storage period after washing and the sample distribution had an influence on the puncture and compression strength. It is suggested to wash the roots by hand before the measurement and to determine the strength no later than 48 h after washing. For reliable and comparable results a radial distribution of measurement points around the widest circumference of the root is recommended for the puncture test. The sample position of the compression test had an influence on the compressive strength and therefore, needs to be clearly defined. For the puncture and the compression test it was possible to achieve stable results with a small sample size, but with increasing heterogeneity of the plant stand a higher number of roots is required. The flexural test showed a high variability and is, therefore, not recommended for the analysis of sugar beet textural properties.

PENENTUAN KRITERIA PENILAIAN KESAN JUMLAH LEUKOSIT PADA PEMERIKSAAN APUSAN DARAH TEPI

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 52-61
Author(s):  
Dzikra Arwie ◽  
Islawati
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Smear ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Peripheral Blood Smear ◽  
Field Of View ◽  
Laboratory Observation ◽  
Number Of Cells

Leukocytes or white blood cells have a characteristic characteristic of different cells. Determination of the impression of the number of leukocytes is determined in the number of cells in the field of view. While the number of viewable field cells expressed is still quite varied. The purpose of this study was to determine the number of leukocytes in the field of view and expressed the impression of a sufficient amount. This research was conducted at the Laboratory of Health Analyst Department Panrita Husada Bulukumba on 9 April 2017 to 14 July 2017. This type of research is a laboratory observation that aims to determine the criteria for assessing the impression of the number of leukocytes on a peripheral blood smear. Data analysis using statistical analysis is the average and standard deviations to determine the impression of the number of leukocytes and use 3 inspection zones. The results of this study obtained results in zone IV the number of leukocyte impressions said to be sufficient was 7-10, in zone V the number of leukocyte impressions said to be sufficient was 4-9, and in zone VI the number of leukocyte impressions said to be sufficient was 3-8.  

A Standard Primary Toxicity Bioassay Using Daphnia Magna as a Test Species

1977 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.A. Behie ◽  
J.E. Zajic ◽  
D. Berk ◽  
R.J.P. Brouzes ◽  
V.A. Naish
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Daphnia Magna ◽  
Biological Indicator ◽  
Pulp And Paper ◽  
Toxicity Bioassay ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Test Species ◽  
Test Organisms ◽  
Dilution Water

Abstract Although Daphnia magna have been widely used in the determination of the toxicity of various substances, there are no reports in the literature that describe a rigorous bioassay method using this organism as a test species. The test described herein involves the standariza-tion of various important aspects of the method such as the age of the test organisms, and the dilution water used for the preparation of the various toxicant concentrations. Also described is a simple method for the statistical analysis of the results. The sensitivity of the proposed bioassay is demonstrated by determining the toxicity of various pulp and paper effluents. Finally, extensive bioassays were carried out simultaneously with rainbow trout and Daphnia magna indicating that Daphnia are as good a biological indicator of acute toxicity as fish.

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