scholarly journals On the Pathology of Bovine Actinomycosis

1916 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 195-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fred. Griffith
Keyword(s):  
Considerable Proportion ◽  
Consecutive Series ◽  
Causal Organism ◽  
Anatomical Distribution ◽  
Histological Features ◽  
Gram Staining ◽  
The World ◽  
Specific Granules ◽  
Glucose Agar ◽  
Biological Characters

Actinomycotic lesions in tissues from a consecutive series of forty-four oxen slaughtered in this country have been examined and compared with fifty specimens imported chiefly from Argentina.The British cases can be divided into two groups, according as the specific granules do not or do contain Gram-staining organisms.The first group, characterised by the presence of granules consisting of clubs without Gram-staining organisms, contains 40 cases. In these the lesions were situated in the cheek, palate, tongue, or lymphatic glands in relation to the mouth and pharynx. From twenty-three of the forty cases, cultures of a non-Gram-staining organism were obtained, which were identical in their characters on nutrient agar plates and in shake glucose agar tubes; and five of the strains were found identical when tested on a large series of differential media. One of the cultures was inoculated into a calf, and produced a local lesion with the characters of a natural lesion.This first group shows complete identity in the histological features and in the anatomical distribution of the disease with Actinobacillosis described by Lignières and Spitz in Argentina. The bacillus obtained has the characters of the Actinobacillus, except that the production of typical granules in the peritoneal cavity of guinea-pigs, described by Lignières and Spitz, has not been demonstrated.All the imported specimens which were examined microscopically exhibited the characters of the lesions of this first group, but the causal organism was not obtained in pure culture.The second group contains the remaining four British cases. The specific granules were composed of clubs and Gram-staining organisms, including branching filaments. The lesions were situated in each case in the inferior maxilla. The investigation of the biological characters of the organisms concerned is still in progress.These results show that Actinobacillosis is widespread in the world, and forms a considerable proportion of the cases of disease in oxen known under the name of Actinomycosis.

scholarly journals The Histopathology of Maedi

1971 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Georgsson ◽  
P. A. Pálsson
Keyword(s):  
Lymphoid Hyperplasia ◽  
Viral Pneumonia ◽  
Pulmonary Diseases ◽  
Cellular Infiltration ◽  
Epithelial Proliferation ◽  
Histological Features ◽  
Interstitial Inflammation ◽  
Smooth Musculature ◽  
The World ◽  
Alveolar Septa

The histopathology of natural and experimental maedi, a slow-viral pneumonia of sheep, was studied. The main histological features are chronic interstitial inflammation with dense cellular infiltration, hyperplasia of smooth musculature in alveolar septa, and slight fibrosis; peribronchial and perivascular lymphoid hyperplasia, and epithelial proliferation in small bronchi and bronchioles accompanied in far advanced cases by epithelialization of the alveoli. The histopathology of maedi bears a close resemblance to pulmonary diseases of sheep reported under different terms in various parts of the world.

A New Type of Mammalian Intersexuality

1928 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-64
Author(s):  
JOHN R. BAKER
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Ocean ◽  
Considerable Proportion ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The World ◽  
New Hebrides ◽  
New Type ◽  
The Pacific Ocean

(1) In certain islands of the New Hebrides (in the Pacific Ocean) a considerable proportion of the pigs are intersexual. Nowhere in the world are intersexual mammals so abundant. (2) These intersexes differ from the rare intersexes of European pigs in the invariable absence of any rudiment of uterus or vagina. (3) A tendency to intersexuality is inherited. (4) The intersexes are interpreted as genetic males in which the testicular hormone has been produced too late in development.

scholarly journals Diversity of mites (Acari) on medicinal and aromatic plants in India*

Zoosymposia ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-61
Author(s):  
SALIL K. GUPTA ◽  
KRISHNA KARMAKAR
Keyword(s):  
Predatory Mites ◽  
Mite Species ◽  
Considerable Proportion ◽  
Aromatic Plants ◽  
Medicinal And Aromatic Plants ◽  
Pesticides Residues ◽  
Frequent Use ◽  
The World ◽  
Synthetic Pesticides ◽  
Different Parts

Despite the diverse and frequent use of medicinal and aromatic plants throughout the world, they have received poor attention regarding the mites and insects that they harbor. Here we summarize the diversity of phytophagous and predatory mites recorded on medicinal and aromatic plants in India, including first-hand information obtained by the authors in regular observations of plants growing in different parts of India between 2002 and 2009 as well as information reported in previous works conducted in the country. In total, 267 mite species of 93 genera and 18 families were found or have been reported on these plants in India.Most of these species (208) belong to families constituted mostly by phytophages, but quite a large number of species (56) belong to families constituted predominantly by predators. Despite the wide array of phytophagous species, relatively few have behaved as major pests, which may be at least in part due to the effect of the predatory mites with which they have been found. We consider 17 species as major pests of medicinal and aromatic plants and 11 species as main predators. The search for prospective predatory mites and the study of the feasibility of their use for the control of mite pests on medicinal and aromatic plants is worthwhile, given that a considerable proportion of people interested on the use of medicinal plants are adverse to the ingestion of synthetic pesticides residues, which could be found on those plants if the pests were controlled with the use of those products.

Abstract WP1: Recanalization Therapy For Acute Symptomatic Occlusion Of The Intracranial Cerebral Arteries In Korea

Stroke ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 44 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Uk Jang ◽  
Jihoon Kang ◽  
Beom-Joon Kim ◽  
Jeong-Ho Hong ◽  
Moon-Ku Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Cerebral Arteries ◽  
Clinical Importance ◽  
Intravenous Thrombolysis ◽  
Hemorrhagic Transformation ◽  
Considerable Proportion ◽  
Consecutive Series ◽  
Stroke Registry ◽  
The Status ◽  
Endovascular Approach

Background: Despite its clinical importance in the Koreans, the status of recanalization therapy for acute occlusion of the intracranial cerebral arteries has not been reported yet. Methods: Using a nationwide stroke registry, a consecutive series of 642 patients with symptomatic occlusion of intracranial arteries were identified among 3028 who were hospitalized within 12 h of stroke onset at 10 participating centers between 2010 and 2011. Demographics, clinical characteristics, clinical outcomes, and type of recanalization therapy were described. Results: The mean age was 68.6 years (57.2% males, median baseline NIHSS 12). MCA was most commonly affected vessel (65.1%), followed by intracranial ICA (15.3%), PCA (14.2%), basilar artery (11.1%), and ACA (5.1%). Recanalization therapy was applied in 307 patients (47.8%); intravenous thrombolysis only (IVT) in 45.9%, and endovascular treatment (ET) in 54.1%. Intravenous thrombolysis treatment preceded ET in 69.9%. Doses of tPA were 0.6mg/kg in 22.3% and 0.9mg/kg in 77.7%. Recanalization therapy according to occluded vessels and onset-to-arrival time is described in the Table. Recanalization by IAT as seen on angiography was complete (thrombolysis in cerebral infarction [TICI] grade 3) in 29.5% and partial (TICI grade 2A or 2B) in 50.6%. Solitaire were applied to 48.8% of patients with ET and recanalization rate was 86.4%, and Penumbra were applied to 15.1% and recanalization rate (TICI grade 2A~3) was 76.0%. Favorable outcome (modified Rankin Scale, 0-2) was achieved in 39.4% of those with IVT and in 35.4% of those with ET, and symptomatic hemorrhagic transformation occurred in 8.5% and 12.0%, respectively. Conclusion: This study shows that a considerable proportion of patients with symptomatic occlusion of intracranial cerebral arteries are treated by endovascular approach. Efficacy and safety of endovascular approach in this setting should be tested by randomized clinical trials.

scholarly journals Sound–meaning association biases evidenced across thousands of languages

2016 ◽  
Vol 113 (39) ◽  
pp. 10818-10823 ◽  
Author(s):  
Damián E. Blasi ◽  
Søren Wichmann ◽  
Harald Hammarström ◽  
Peter F. Stadler ◽  
Morten H. Christiansen
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Science ◽  
Communication System ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Body Part ◽  
Spoken Language ◽  
Considerable Proportion ◽  
Fundamental Properties ◽  
Historical Distribution ◽  
The World ◽  
Basic Vocabulary

It is widely assumed that one of the fundamental properties of spoken language is the arbitrary relation between sound and meaning. Some exceptions in the form of nonarbitrary associations have been documented in linguistics, cognitive science, and anthropology, but these studies only involved small subsets of the 6,000+ languages spoken in the world today. By analyzing word lists covering nearly two-thirds of the world’s languages, we demonstrate that a considerable proportion of 100 basic vocabulary items carry strong associations with specific kinds of human speech sounds, occurring persistently across continents and linguistic lineages (linguistic families or isolates). Prominently among these relations, we find property words (“small” andi, “full” andporb) and body part terms (“tongue” andl, “nose” andn). The areal and historical distribution of these associations suggests that they often emerge independently rather than being inherited or borrowed. Our results therefore have important implications for the language sciences, given that nonarbitrary associations have been proposed to play a critical role in the emergence of cross-modal mappings, the acquisition of language, and the evolution of our species’ unique communication system.

Rhinoscleroma: a chronic infectious disease of poor areas with characteristic histological features – report of a series of six cases

2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boubacar Efared ◽  
Nawal Hammas ◽  
Atsame-Ebang Gabrielle ◽  
Najib Ben Mansour ◽  
Hinde El Fatemi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Multidisciplinary Approach ◽  
Histological Features ◽  
The World ◽  
Adequate Management

Rhinoscleroma is a chronic infectious disease that is endemic in certain poor areas of the world. The diagnosis often relies on pathology, the outcome is disappointing and then marked by recurrence. We present a retrospective series of six patients histologically diagnosed with rhinoscleroma. Some clinical and histological features of the disease are discussed below, as its adequate management implies a multidisciplinary approach.

scholarly journals Tuberculosis in the pituitary fossa: a common pathology in an uncommon site

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Majumdar ◽  
M Barnard ◽  
S Ramachandra ◽  
M Berovic ◽  
M Powell
Keyword(s):  
Previous History ◽  
Young Female ◽  
Interesting Case ◽  
List Type ◽  
Rare Presentation ◽  
Pituitary Fossa ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Histological Features ◽  
Secondary Hypothyroidism ◽  
The World

Summary Tuberculosis (TB) is an important cause of mortality and morbidity across the world. In 2–5% of all cases of systemic TB, the C is affected, with lesions reported in the meninges, cortex and ventricles. Intrasellar tuberculomas, however, are extremely rare. We report the interesting case of a young female patient who presented with secondary hypothyroidism and hyperprolactinaemia. She was treated successfully for pituitary TB. We also highlight and discuss some interesting (and hitherto unreported) endocrine issues. Radiological and histological features and treatment of pituitary TB are discussed using this case as an example. Learning points Intrasellar TB continues to be a rare presentation, but incidence and prevalence are expected to grow with increasing numbers of multidrug-resistant TB and shrinking geographical boundaries across the world. Pituitary TB can present with features of a typical adenoma, but has certain radiological and histological features that help to differentiate from an adenoma. Patients can present with a variety of endocrine abnormalities at different times. The presence of an intrasellar mass in individuals at a high risk of developing TB, or with a previous history of systemic TB, should prompt the diagnosis of pituitary TB. In such individuals, it may be worth considering a trial of anti-tuberculous therapy, before considering surgery.

scholarly journals Parasitic Wasps of the Proctotrupoid Complex: a New Family From Australia and a Key to World Families (Hymenoptera: Proctotrupoidea Sensu Lato).

1985 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 761 ◽  
Author(s):  
ID Naumann ◽  
L Masner
Keyword(s):  
Sister Group ◽  
Parasitic Wasps ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
New Family ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
The World ◽  
Biological Characters ◽  
South Eastern Australia

A new family Peradeniidae is proposed for Peradenia, gen. nov., comprising P, clavipes, sp. nov. and P. micranepsia, sp. nov. from south-eastern Australia. Peradeniidae is assigned to the proctotrupoid complex of parasitic wasps, as the sister group of the Heloridae. Extant proctotrupoid families of the world are compared with respect to 43 morphological and biological characters, and an illustrated key to families is provided.

Diseases infecting ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe): A review

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gupta Meenu ◽  
Manisha Kaushal
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Bacterial Wilt ◽  
Host Resistance ◽  
Leaf Spot ◽  
Integrated Management ◽  
Zingiber Officinale ◽  
Soft Rot ◽  
Causal Organism ◽  
Zingiber Officinale Roscoe ◽  
The World

Ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) is an important spice crop in India, which is also one of the leading producer and exporter of ginger in the world. During cultivation, the crop is severely infected by various diseases of them soft rot, yellows, Phyllosticta leaf spot, storage rot, bacterial wilt, mosaic, chlorotic fleck are important. These diseases reduce the potential yields drastically. The geographical distribution, losses, symptoms, causal organism, disease cycle, epidemiology and host resistance, cultural, biological, chemical and integrated management of above mentioned diseses have been discussed in the present paper.

Oncocytic papillary cystadenomatosis of the larynx

1992 ◽  
Vol 106 (7) ◽  
pp. 656-658 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. P. Martin-Hirsch ◽  
F. J. Lannigan ◽  
B. Irani ◽  
P. Batman
Keyword(s):  
Ct Scan ◽  
World Literature ◽  
Unique Case ◽  
Histological Features ◽  
The World

AbstractSymptomatic oncocytic disease of the larynx is rare. Review of the world literature reveals that isolated, symptomatic cases of oncocytoma of the larynx have been previously reported to involve discrete sites usually the laryngeal ventricles and vestibular folds. A unique case of multifocal cystic oncocytic hyperplasia necessitating laryngectomy is reported. CT scan of the larynx suggested destruction of the cartilage. Malignant histological features were not present.This report raises the question whether previously described cases of oncocytoma of the larynx also had diffuse involvement. If oncocytosis is a diffuse process then it is suggested that patients should be kept under review for recurring lesions.

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