State and Coffee Capital in São Paulo's Export Economy (Brazil 1889–1930)

2003 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
RENATO MONSEFF PERISSINOTTO
Keyword(s):  
Sao Paulo ◽  
The State ◽  
Regional Level ◽  
National State ◽  
Paulo State ◽  
State Apparatus ◽  
First Republic ◽  
São Paulo State ◽  
Political Structures ◽  
The Relationship

Some recent works on the relationship between coffee interests and the State during the Brazilian ‘First Republic’ (1899–1930) have shown that the relationship between the national State and ‘coffee bourgeoisie’ was not quite as simple as earlier studies had made it seem. However, these analyses seem to assume that, at the regional level, the federalism of the First Republic placed regional political structures under class control. The goal of this article is to show that the ‘instrumentalist’ thesis is not even valid for the State apparatus when considered at the regional level. The article focuses on São Paulo state, seat of the most powerful interests linked to the coffee economy.

Inventory and Quantification of Geosites in the State Tourist Park of Alto Ribeira (PETAR, São Paulo State, Brazil)

Geoheritage ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 783-792 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Rita Rodrigues Ferreira ◽  
Heros Augusto Santos Lobo ◽  
José Alexandre de Jesus Perinotto
Keyword(s):  
Sao Paulo ◽  
The State ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Paulo State ◽  
São Paulo State

scholarly journals Fish, Corumbataí and Jacaré-Pepira river basins, São Paulo State, Brazil

Check List ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leandro Muller Gomiero ◽  
Francisco Manoel de Souza Braga
Keyword(s):  
River Basins ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
The State ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Human Pressure ◽  
Paulo State ◽  
São Paulo State

Fish were studied in two river basins (Corumbataí and Jacaré-Pepira) subjected to strong human pressure, in the interior of the State of São Paulo, southeastern Brazil. In the Corumbataí basin, four sites were sampled: Cabeça river, Lapa stream, Passa-Cinco river, and Corumbataí river; in the Jacaré-Pepira basin, three sites were sampled: Tamanduá stream, Jacaré-Pepira river, and Água Branca stream. A total of 4,050 specimens belonging to 48 species and 13 families were caught and analyzed. 

scholarly journals The amphibians of São Paulo State, Brazil amphibians of São Paulo

2009 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 197-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olívia Gabriela dos Santos Araújo ◽  
Luís Felipe Toledo ◽  
Paulo Christiano Anchietta Garcia ◽  
Célio Fernando Baptista Haddad
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
The State ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Future Prospects ◽  
Amphibian Species ◽  
Paulo State ◽  
São Paulo State

The State of São Paulo is one of the most studied regions of Brazil in regard to amphibian species richness and distribution. However, we still do not have a list of species for the State. Therefore, we present here a list including 231 species of amphibians (225 anurans and six caecilians), of which 27 are endemic. We present data about previous and current taxonomists and speculate about future prospects in the study and conservation of amphibian biodiversity in São Paulo State.

scholarly journals The relationship between low birth weight and exposure to inhalable particulate matter

2013 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 1101-1108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Romão ◽  
Luiz Alberto Amador Pereira ◽  
Paulo Hilário Nascimento Saldiva ◽  
Patricia Matias Pinheiro ◽  
Alfésio Luiz Ferreira Braga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Paulo State ◽  
São Paulo State ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy ◽  
The Relationship

Atmospheric pollution is a global public health problem. The adverse effects of air pollution are strongly associated with respiratory and cardiovascular diseases and, to a lesser extent, with adverse pregnancy outcomes. This study analyzes the relationship between exposure to PM10 and low birth weight in the city of Santo André, São Paulo State, Brazil. We included babies born to mothers resident in Santo André between 2000 and 2006. Data on daily PM10 levels was obtained from the São Paulo State Environmental Agency. We performed descriptive analysis and logistic regressions. The prevalence rate of low birth weight was 5.9%. There was a dose-response relationship between PM10 concentrations and low birth weight. Exposure to the highest quartile of PM10 (37,50µg/m³) in the third trimester of pregnancy increased the risk of low birth weight by 26% (OR: 1.26; 95%CI: 1.14-1.40) when compared to the first quartile. The same effect was observed in the remaining trimesters. This effect was observed for ambient particle concentrations that met the current air quality standards.

scholarly journals Root-Knot Disease Caused by Meloidogyne arenaria and M. javanica in Teak in São Paulo State, Brazil

Plant Disease ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 96 (1) ◽  
pp. 151-151
Author(s):  
J. V. de Araújo Filho ◽  
A. C. Z. Machado ◽  
R. S. C. A. de Faria ◽  
L. E. A. Camargo
Keyword(s):  
Sao Paulo ◽  
The State ◽  
Meloidogyne Arenaria ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Lateral Field ◽  
First Report ◽  
Paulo State ◽  
São Paulo State ◽  
Esterase Phenotypes

Teak (Tectona grandis Linn. F.) is one of the most important forest crops in Brazil, occupying areas in different regions, such as Goiás, Mato Grosso, Paraná, and São Paulo states. Teak wood is used for many purposes such as shipbuilding, rolling and plywood, firewood, and charcoal. In May 2011, teak symptomatic feeder root samples, exhibiting inconspicuous, small galls, were collected in the municipality of Piracicaba, São Paulo State, Brazil (22°41′46.90″S, 47°38′36.84″W). Specimens were identified through perineal patterns and esterase phenotypes of 20 adult females (1,2). Perineal patterns and esterase phenotypes were consistent with those described for Meloidogyne arenaria (Neal, 1889) Chitwood, 1949 and M. javanica (Treub, 1885) Chitwood, 1949. Perineal patterns of M. arenaria showed a low dorsal arch, compressed dorsolaterally, with lateral field marked by some forked and broken striae; no punctate markings between anus and tail terminus were observed. Perineal patterns of M. javanica were rounded, with low dorsal arch, striae smooth, lateral field distinct, clearly demarcated from striae by parallel lines. From the esterase electrophoresis we obtained A2 (Rm:1.2;1.3) and J3 (Rm:1.0;1.25;1.4) phenotypes, typical from M. arenaria and M. javanica, respectively. To our knowledge, this is the first report of M. arenaria parasitizing teak roots in Brazil and elsewhere (new host) and the first report of M. javanica infecting teak in the State of São Paulo. Previously, M. javanica was reported to be infecting teak-growing areas in the State of Mato Grosso (3). This finding has a great importance, not only by the inclusion of these parasites in teak pathological scenario, but also for predicting possible damage in plant species used in teak-based intercropping systems. References: (1) P. R. Esbenshade and A. C. Triantaphyllou. J. Nematol. 22:10, 1990. (2) K. M. Hartman and J. N. Sasser. 1985. Page 115 in: An Advanced Treatise on Meloidogyne. Volume II, Methodology. K. R. Barker et al., eds. North Carolina State University Graphics, Raleigh,1985. (3) R. A. Silva et al. Nematol. Bras. 27:261, 2003.

scholarly journals Genomic Surveillance of Yellow Fever Virus Epizootic in São Paulo, Brazil, 2016 – 2018

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. C. Hill ◽  
R. P. de Souza ◽  
J. Thézé ◽  
I. Claro ◽  
R. S. Aguiar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Yellow Fever ◽  
Yellow Fever Virus ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
The State ◽  
Fever Virus ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Paulo State ◽  
Southeast Brazil ◽  
São Paulo State ◽  
Substantial Heterogeneity

AbstractSão Paulo (SP), a densely inhabited state in southeast Brazil that contains the fourth most populated city in the world, recently experienced its largest yellow fever virus (YFV) outbreak in decades. YFV does not normally circulate extensively in SP, so most people were unvaccinated when the outbreak began. Surveillance in non-human primates (NHPs) is important for determining the magnitude and geographic extent of an epizootic, thereby helping to evaluate the risk of YFV spillover to humans. Data from infected NHPs can give more accurate insights into YFV spread than when using data from human cases alone. To contextualise human cases, identify epizootic foci and uncover the rate and direction of YFV spread in SP, we generated and analysed virus genomic data and epizootic case data from NHP in SP. We report the occurrence of three spatiotemporally distinct phases of the outbreak in SP prior to February 2018. We generated 51 new virus genomes from YFV positive cases identified in 23 different municipalities in SP, mostly sampled from non-human primates between October 2016 and January 2018. Although we observe substantial heterogeneity in lineage dispersal velocities between phylogenetic branches, continuous phylogeographic analyses of generated YFV genomes suggest that YFV lineages spread in São Paulo state at a mean rate of approximately 1km per day during all phases of the outbreak. Viral lineages from the first epizootic phase in northern São Paulo subsequently dispersed towards the south of the state to cause the second and third epizootic phases there. This alters our understanding of how YFV was introduced into the densely populated south of SP state. Our results shed light on the sylvatic transmission of yellow fever in highly fragmented forested regions in SP state and highlight the importance of continued surveillance of zoonotic pathogens in sentinel species.Author’s SummarySince July 2016, the southeast region of Brazil has experienced the largest yellow fever virus (YFV) outbreak in decades. São Paulo is the most densely populated state in southeast Brazil. The outbreak has caused serious public health concern in the state, as YFV does not normally circulate widely there and most of the 21 million inhabitants were correspondingly unvaccinated against YFV when the outbreak began. In Brazil, YFV typically circulates among non-human primates, and human cases represent isolated spillover events from this predominantly sylvatic cycle. Understanding the epidemiological dynamics and spread of YFV in non-human primates is therefore critical for contextualising human cases, and guiding vaccination strategies that can better protect local human populations. Here, we aim to contextualise human cases, identify epizootic foci and uncover the rate and direction of YFV spread in SP. We analyse the geographic and temporal distribution of observed cases of YFV in non-human primates in São Paulo state, and identify three distinct phases of the epizootic. We generate sequence data from 51 YFV-positive cases and perform phylogenetic and phylogeographic analyses aimed at understanding the spatial spread of YFV in São Paulo state. Analyses of these data indicate that YFV spread from the north of São Paulo state into more densely populated southern regions. Although we observe substantial heterogeneity in the rate at which different sampled YFV lineages spread, the typical rate of spread was low with a mean rate of ~1 km per day. This is consistent with a scenario in which the majority of transmission events occurred between non-human primates and sylvatic vectors across forested patches.Article Summary LineGenomic surveillance of yellow fever in São Paulo during the 2016-2018 epizootic

scholarly journals Association between particulate matter air pollution and monthly inhalation and nebulization procedures in Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo State, Brazil

2012 ◽  
Vol 28 (8) ◽  
pp. 1591-1598 ◽  
Author(s):  
Estela Cristina Carneseca ◽  
Jorge Alberto Achcar ◽  
Edson Zangiacomi Martinez
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Respiratory Morbidity ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Random Factor ◽  
Paulo State ◽  
São Paulo State ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

The study was designed to investigate the impact of air pollution on monthly inhalation/nebulization procedures in Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo State, Brazil, from 2004 to 2010. To assess the relationship between the procedures and particulate matter (PM10) a Bayesian Poisson regression model was used, including a random factor that captured extra-Poisson variability between counts. Particulate matter was associated with the monthly number of inhalation/nebulization procedures, but the inclusion of covariates (temperature, precipitation, and season of the year) suggests a possible confounding effect. Although other studies have linked particulate matter to an increasing number of visits due to respiratory morbidity, the results of this study suggest that such associations should be interpreted with caution.

scholarly journals Occurrence of Mesocyclops ogunnus Onabamiro, 1957 (Copepoda Cyclopoida) in water bodies of São Paulo State, identified as Mesocyclops kieferi Van de Velde, 1984

2002 ◽  
Vol 62 (4a) ◽  
pp. 615-620 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. MATSUMURA-TUNDISI ◽  
W. M. SILVA
Keyword(s):  
Related Species ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
The State ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Paulo State ◽  
The World ◽  
São Paulo State ◽  
Copepoda Cyclopoida

The aim of this work is clarify the identification of Mesocyclops ogunnus that occur in several reservoirs in the State of São Paulo and that was previously identified as Mesocyclops kieferi. These two species are closely related species with very similar characteristics. The differential characteristics are presented and the distribution of both species in the world is discussed.

scholarly journals Genus Octacanthium (Zygnemaphyceae, Desmidiaceae) in the State of São Paulo, Brazil

2003 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sílvia Maria Mathes Faustino ◽  
Carlos E. de M. Bicudo
Keyword(s):  
State Department ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
The State ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Floristic Survey ◽  
Paulo State ◽  
São Paulo State

A floristic survey was based on the study of 148 sample units, from which 75 were already deposited at the Herbário Científico do Estado “Maria Eneyda P. Kauffmann Fidalgo” of the Instituto de Botânica, São Paulo State Department of Environment, and 73 were collected during the period 2000-2001. Three taxa of Octacanthium (Desmidiales, Zygnemaphyceae) were identified: O. bifidum (Brébisson) Compère var. bifidum, O. mucronulatum (Nordstedt) Compère var. mucronulatum, and O. octocorne (Ralfs) Compère var. octocorne.

scholarly journals Controlling bovine brucellosis in the state of São Paulo, Brazil: results after ten years of a vaccination program

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (5Supl2) ◽  
pp. 3505 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo Augusto Dias ◽  
Ana Paula Cunha Belchior ◽  
Rodrigo De Souza Ferreira ◽  
Rita Coelho Gonçalves ◽  
Ricardo Souza Costa Barão de Aguiar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
The State ◽  
Vaccination Program ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Bovine Brucellosis ◽  
Paulo State ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Strain Vaccine ◽  
São Paulo State

A cross- sectional study was carried out, between May and November 2011, to estimate the situation of the bovine brucellosis in São Paulo State, 10 years after the commencement of the vaccination of the heifers with the S19 strain. The State was divided into seven regions and in each of them, 300 farms with reproductive activity were randomly chosen and considered as primary sample units. A fixed number of cows was randomly selected and tested for antibodies against Brucella spp. A farm was considered infected if at least one female tested positive. In the selected farms, an epidemiological questionnaire was administered which focused on herd traits as well as husbandry and sanitary practices that could be associated with the risk of infection. The prevalence (percentile, [95% confidence interval]) of infected herds was 10.2% [8.8-11.8] for the State, and for the regions, it varied from 7.3% [4.7-11.2] to 12.3% [8.8-16.8], not showing significant difference between different regions. The apparent prevalence of positive farms in the State and regions remained similar to the prevalence observed 10 years before. The prevalence of positive animals was 2.4% [1.8-3.1] in the State and varied from 1.1% [0.6-2] to 3.5% [1.7-7.1] in the regions, not showing significant difference between regions. Again, there was no difference in the prevalence of positive animals after 10 years of the vaccination program. The risk factors (odds ratio, 95% confidence interval) associated with bovine brucellosis in the State included number of cows ? 24 (3.08, 2.22-4.27) and the acquisition of breeding animals (1.33, 0.95-1.87). The São Paulo State should conduct systematic vaccination coverage of above 80% of the eligible heifers with the S19 strain vaccine annually. Moreover, the State should emphatically use RB51 strain vaccine in females above 8 months of age not vaccinated with S19 strain vaccine. An efficient animal health education program to orientate farmers to test replacement animals for brucellosis prior to introduction in their herds should also be implemented.

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