scholarly journals Multivitamins and Nutritional Adequacy in Middle-Aged to Older Americans by Obesity Status

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (OCE2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cara L. Frankenfeld ◽  
Taylor C. Wallace
Keyword(s):  
The United States ◽  
Lower Prevalence ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Older Americans ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Micronutrient Status ◽  
Obesity Status ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Multivitamin Use ◽  
Nutritional Biomarker

AbstractMultivitamins are the most commonly consumed dietary supplement in the United States and worldwide. Micronutrient insufficiency and clinical deficiency are more common in middle-aged to older adults, and multivitamin use has been shown to improve status in this population. This analysis aimed to assess contributions of sporadic and consistent multivitamin use to total usual micronutrient intakes and associated nutritional biomarkers among middle-aged to older U.S. adults age 351 years, stratified by obesity status. Self-reported dietary intake and laboratory measures from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were used in these analyses. The National Cancer Institute method was used to assess usual intakes of 18 micronutrients. Compared with food alone, multivitamin use was associated with a lower prevalence of inadequacies and improved nutritional biomarker status for folate, iodine, selenium, and vitamins B6, B12, and D. Consistent use decreased the prevalence of inadequacy for most micronutrients assessed, except for those micronutrients typically not found (or in miniscule amounts) in standard multivitamin products. In addition to a lower prevalence of inadequacy for many micronutrients associated with consistent use of multivitamins, sporadic use decreased the prevalence of inadequacy for a greater number of micronutrients in obese versus nonobese individuals. Multivitamin use (sporadic and consistent) also increased the proportion of individuals who exceeded the tolerable upper intake level for folic acid to 8–10%. Nutritional biomarker data indicate that obese individuals may be at greater risk of clinical deficiency in vitamins B6and D. Use of gender- and age-specific multivitamins may serve as a practical means to increase micronutrient status and decrease prevalences of clinical deficiency in the middle-aged to older population, particularly in those who are obese.

scholarly journals The Association Between Hours Spent at Work and Obesity Status: Results From NHANES 2015 to 2016

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 359-365
Author(s):  
Caitlin Doerrmann ◽  
S. Cristina Oancea ◽  
Arielle Selya
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
National Health ◽  
Leisure Time Physical Activity ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Nutrition Examination Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hours Worked ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Obesity Status

Purpose: To determine whether weekly hours worked is associated with obesity among employed adults in the United States. Design: Data from the 2015 to 2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were used for this study. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey is a cross-sectional study. Setting: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey is conducted annually by the National Center for Health Statistics designed to assess the health and nutritional status of citizens in the United States. Participants: The final study sample size was 2,581. Measures: The outcome was obesity status (yes/no) and the exposure was the number of hours worked per week (<40, =40, >40 h/wk). Covariates of interest included in the analyses were income, age, education level, race, leisure-time physical activity, and gender. Analysis: A weighted and adjusted logistic regression model was conducted in order to investigate the association between the number of hours worked at a job per week and obesity status. Descriptive statistics and weighted and adjusted odds ratios were produced with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results: After controlling for the covariates of interest, people working 40 or 40+ hours a week had 1.403 (95% CI: 1.06-1.85) and 1.409 (95% CI: 1.03-1.93) times significantly greater odds of obesity than those who work <40 hours a week, respectively. Conclusion: Obesity is a complex and multifactorial disease with genetic and environmental interactions, including the number of hours a person works/week as a potential risk factor.

scholarly journals PHASED RETIREMENT IN OLDER AMERICAN WORKERS

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S126-S127
Author(s):  
Shinae Choi ◽  
Genevieve Smith
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Older Workers ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The United States ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Older Americans ◽  
Phased Retirement

Abstract Older workers are engaging in “phased retirement” in which they transition from full-time working status to part-time working and eventually retire at a later age. This study investigated whether phased retirement was financially and psychologically beneficial for middle-aged and older adults in the United States. The current study examined data on financial and psychological well-being and retirement transitions (i.e., immediate retirement and phased retirement) from the Health and Retirement Study (HRS) at two time points, four years apart. We analyzed 5,106 middle-aged and older adults from the 2010 and 2014 waves of the HRS data set using chi-square and one-way analysis of variance tests. Our results showed that 66.8% of respondents remained full-time working, while 12.7% of respondents chose phased retirement and 15.2% of respondents jumped straight into retirement. Our findings suggest that phased retirement is beneficial for older Americans financially and psychologically. Specifically, the level of total household financial wealth was significantly higher for those who chose phased retirement than immediate retirees from workforce. In terms of psychological perspectives, immediate retirees experienced more depressive symptoms than those who chose phased retirement. Our findings could help individuals and households to be better equipped when preparing for retirement. Our findings could also provide a basis for further research into phased retirement and its impact on well-being in middle-aged and older Americans. Furthermore, policymakers could be better informed about retirement trends and create policies based on our findings to better help older individuals and households be financially and psychologically prepared for retirement.

Association between Sarcopenic Obesity and Bone Mineral Density in Middle-Aged and Elderly Korean

2015 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jae Ho Chung ◽  
Hee Jin Hwang ◽  
Hyun-Young Shin ◽  
Chang Hoon Han
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Sarcopenic Obesity ◽  
Nutrition Examination Survey ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Obesity Status ◽  
Osteosarcopenic Obesity

Objectives: To identify the prevalence of osteosarcopenic obesity and to evaluate the association between sarcopenic obesity and bone mineral density in middle-aged and elderly Korean. Methods: This study included 3,385 males and 4,064 females (age ≥50 years and in the stage of menopause) who participated in the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) from 2008 to 2011. The cutoff value for sarcopenia was 7.26 kg/m2 for men and 5.45 kg/m2 for female. The fat mass was >30% for men and 40% for female; these values were used to define obesity. Based on the combination of sarcopenia and obesity status, all subjects were classified as sarcopenic obese (SO), sarcopenic nonobese (SNO), nonsarcopenic obese (NSO), or nonsarcopenic nonobese. Results: The incidence rates of sarcopenia, sarcopenic obesity, and osteosarcopenic obesity were 31.5, 5.1, and 4.1%, respectively. Following adjustment, the ORs for osteoporosis were 8.67 in the SO group (95% CI 4.19-17.94), 3.85 in the SNO group (95% CI 2.61-5.67), and 1.88 in the NSO group (95% CI 0.72-4.91) in men and 2.93 in the SO group (95% CI 1.99-4.32), 1.71 in the SNO group (95% CI 1.31-2.23), and 0.58 in the NSO group (95% CI 0.43-0.78) in women. Conclusions: Sarcopenic obesity is associated with the development of osteoporosis among the middle-aged and elderly Korean population.

scholarly journals Untreated Isolated Sytolic Hypertension among Middle-Aged and Old Adults in the United States: Trends in the Prevalence by Demographic Factors During 1999–2010

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Xuefeng Liu ◽  
Van Minh Hoang ◽  
Yali Liu ◽  
Rachel L.W. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Systolic Hypertension ◽  
The United States ◽  
Isolated Systolic Hypertension ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Old Adults ◽  
Health Measures ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Low Education ◽  
The Right ◽  
Hispanic White

Isolated systolic hypertension (ISH) predominates hemodynamic hypertension subtypes and becomes a significant factor for cardiovascular and renal outcomes in middle-aged and old adults. The prevalence and changes of untreated ISH have not been fully investigated in this population. A total of 12,097 participants aged ≥40 years were selected from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999–2010. The overall prevalence of untreated ISH was 15.2%. The prevalence decreased significantly from 16.8% in 1999–2004 to 13.5% in 2005–2010. Females, non-Hispanic blacks, and adults with low education had higher prevalence of untreated ISH than males, non-Hispanic whites, and adults with high education, respectively. Compared with 1999–2004, the prevalence of untreated ISH in 2005–2010 reduced in old adults (28.0% versus 37.7%), females (14.3% versus 19.5%), and non-Hispanic whites (12.7% versus 16.2%). The stratified prevalence of untreated ISH decreased in 2005–2010 in non-Hispanic white females (12.8% versus 18.6%) and females who did not attend college (16.9% versus 21.8%). Untreated ISH is more prevalent in old and female subjects, and significant improvements in these groups suggest that public health measures or changes are in the right direction.

scholarly journals Frailty and Determinants of Health Among Older Adults in the United States 2011–2016

2021 ◽  
pp. 089826432110407
Author(s):  
Emma L. Kurnat-Thoma ◽  
Meghan T. Murray ◽  
Paul Juneau
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Aging ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
The United States ◽  
Determinants Of Health ◽  
World Health ◽  
Frailty Phenotype ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Older Americans ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Health Organization

Objective To characterize frailty phenotype in a representative cohort of older Americans and examine determinants of health factors. Methods Retrospective analysis of data from 5,553 adults ≥60 years old in the 2011–2016 cross-sectional National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). World Health Organization “ Determinants of Health” conceptual model was used to prioritize variables for multinomial logistic regression for the outcome of modified Fried frailty phenotype. Results 482 participants (9%) were frail and 2432 (44%) prefrail. Four factors were highly associated with frailty: difficulty with ≥1 activity of daily living (77%; OR 24.81 p < 0.01), ≥2 hospitalizations in the previous year (17%, OR 3.94 p < 0.01), having >2 comorbidities (27%; OR 3.33 p < 0.01), and polypharmacy (66%; OR 2.38 p < 0.01). Discussion A modified Fried frailty assessment incorporating five self-reported criteria may be useful as a rapid nursing screen in low-resource settings. These assessments can streamline nursing care coordination and case management activities, thereby facilitating targeted frailty interventions to support healthy aging in vulnerable populations.

Nutritional Marketing of Plant-Based Meat-Analogue Products: an exploratory study of front-of-pack and website claims in the USA

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-32
Author(s):  
Jennifer Lacy-Nichols ◽  
Libby Hattersley ◽  
Gyorgy Scrinis
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Health Claims ◽  
Processed Foods ◽  
Nutrition And Health ◽  
Nutrition Claims ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Alternative Protein ◽  
Health Related ◽  
The Usa

Abstract Objective: To explore how some of the largest food companies involved in producing alternative proteins use health and nutrition claims to market their products. Design: We identified the largest food manufacturers, meat processors, and alternative protein companies selling plant-based alternative protein products in the United States. Using publicly available data, we analysed the voluntary health and nutrition claims made on front-of-pack labels and company webpages. We also analysed company websites for further nutrition and health-related statements about their products or alternative proteins more generally. Claim classification was guided by the INFORMAS (International Network for Food and Obesity/Non-Communicable Diseases Research, Monitoring, and Action Support) taxonomy for health-related food labelling. Setting: United States. Results: 1394 health and nutrition-related front-of-pack label (FOPL) claims were identified on 216 products, including 685 nutrition claims and 709 ´other health-related´ claims. No FOPL health claims were identified. Most nutrient claims were for nutrients associated with meat, with 94% of products carrying a protein claim and 30% carrying a cholesterol claim. 74% of products carried a GMO-free claim and 63% carried a plant-based claim. On their websites, some companies expanded on these claims or discussed the health benefits of specific ingredients. Conclusions: Companies involved in this category appear to be using nutritional marketing primarily to position their products in relation to meat. There is a focus on nutrient and ingredient claims, with discussion of processing largely avoided. The findings highlight the challenges companies face in positioning AP products as healthy against the backdrop of debates about ultra-processed foods.

scholarly journals Comparative analysis of reported physical activity from leisure centres’ members versus the general population in Spain

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. e043963
Author(s):  
Jorge López Fernández ◽  
Alejandro López-Valenciano ◽  
Xián Mayo ◽  
Elizabeth Horton ◽  
Ivan Clavel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
General Population ◽  
Spanish Population ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Short Version ◽  
Lower Prevalence ◽  
Metabolic Equivalent ◽  
Outcomes Measures ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
And Gender

Objectives(1) To describe the physical activity (PA) levels of the members of a Spanish leisure centre operator according to age and gender; (2) to describe the differences in the three PA levels between the members of a Spanish leisure centre operator and the general Spanish population considering the PA Eurobarometer data according to their gender and age and (3) to explore the intensity origin of the PA either in Spanish members of leisure centres or the Spanish population considering their gender.DesignDescriptive epidemiology study.ParticipantsData from 16 Spanish leisure centres (n=3627) and from the 2017 Eurobarometer 472 for Spain (n=1002) were used for this research.Primary and secondary outcomes measuresThe PA levels were analysed with the International Physical Activity Questionnaire short version, and respondents were grouped into physical inactivity (PIA), moderate-PA and high-PA. Moreover, gender (men or women) and age (18–29 years; 30–44 years; 45–59 years; 60–69 years; ≥70 years) were considered. Total metabolic equivalent (MET)-min/week, as well as total MET-min/week for walking intensity, moderate intensity and vigorous intensity were recorded.ResultsLeisure centres showed a lower prevalence of PIA and a higher prevalence of high-PA than the general population (p<0.05). Women displayed a higher prevalence of PIA and lower prevalence of high-PA than men (p<0.05). The prevalence of PIA increases with age while the prevalence of high-PA decreases.ConclusionLeisure centres engage most of their members in regular PA, including women and older adults, and these members also perform a higher number of MET in vigorous PA, than the general population.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document