Supplementing with vitamin C the diet of honeybees (Apis mellifera carnica) parasitized with Varroa destructor: effects on antioxidative status

Parasitology ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 141 (6) ◽  
pp. 770-776 ◽  
Author(s):  
MAREK FARJAN ◽  
ELŻBIETA ŁOPIEŃSKA-BIERNAT ◽  
ZBIGNIEW LIPIŃSKI ◽  
MAŁGORZATA DMITRYJUK ◽  
KRYSTYNA ŻÓŁTOWSKA
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Varroa Destructor ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Total Antioxidant Status ◽  
Antioxidative System ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Apis Mellifera Carnica ◽  
Antioxidative Status

SUMMARYWe studied a total of eight developmental stages of capped brood and newly emerged workers of Apis mellifera carnica colonies naturally parasitized with Varroa destructor. During winter and early spring four colonies were fed syrup containing 1·8 mg vitamin C kg−1 (ascorbic acid group; group AA) while four colonies were fed syrup without the vitamin C (control group C). Selected elements of the antioxidative system were analysed including total antioxidant status (TAS), glutathione content and antioxidative enzyme activities (superoxide dismutase, catalase, peroxidase and glutathione S-transferase). Body weight, protein content and indices of infestation were also determined. The prevalence (8·11%) and intensity (1·15 parasite per bee) of the infestation were lower in group AA compared with group C (11·3% and 1·21, respectively). Changes in the indicators of antioxidative stress were evidence for the strengthening of the antioxidative system in the brood by administration of vitamin C. In freshly emerged worker bees of group AA, despite the infestation, protein content, TAS, and the activity of all antioxidative enzymes had significantly higher values in relation to group C.

scholarly journals Expression and Activity of Lysozyme in Apis Mellifera Carnica Brood Infested with Varroa Destructor

2017 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 253-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ewa A. Zaobidna ◽  
Krystyna Żółtowska ◽  
Elżbieta Łopieńska-Biernat
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Honey Bee ◽  
Varroa Destructor ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Lysozyme Activity ◽  
Apis Mellifera Carnica ◽  
Relative Expression ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
And Gender

Abstract Varroa destructor is a parasitic mite that attacks the honey bee, and previous studies have suggested that parasitosis caused by this mite is accompanied by immunosuppresion in the host. In this study, the effect of mite infestation on the expression of the lysozyme-1 (lys-1) gene and lysozyme activity in Apis mellifera carnica was determined. The experiment was carried out on the five developmental stages of honey bee workers and drones. Developmental and gender-related differences in gene expression and lysozyme activity were observed in a Varroa destructor-infested brood. The relative expression of the lys-1 gene increased in a infested worker brood and decreased in a drone brood except for P3 pupae. In the final stage of development, the lys-1 gene expression was significantly lower in infested newly emerged workers and drones. Changes in the relative expression of the lys-1 gene in infested individuals was poorly manifested at the level of enzyme activity, whereas at the two final stages of development (P5 and I) there was a positive correlation between relative lys-1 expression and lysozyme activity in infested bees of both genders (r=0.988, r=0.999, respectively). The results of this study indicate that V. destructor influences the lysozyme-linked immune response in bees.

scholarly journals Supplementing With Vitamin C the Diet of Honey Bees Parasitized With Varroa destructor: Effect on Carbohydrate Metabolism

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Elżbieta Łopieńska-Biernat ◽  
Marek Farjan ◽  
Krystyna Żółtowska ◽  
Małgorzata Dmitryjuk ◽  
Zbigniew Lipiński ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Carbohydrate Metabolism ◽  
Honey Bees ◽  
Varroa Destructor ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Total Carbohydrate ◽  
Apis Mellifera Carnica ◽  
Total Carbohydrate Content ◽  
Parasitic Mite ◽  
Worker Brood

The most profound decrease in the number of honey bee (Apis mellifera carnica) colonies is observed after winter. This study evaluates the effect of vitamin C (ascorbic acid, AA) supplementation in wintering colonies of honey bees naturally infested with the parasitic mite Varroa destructor on total carbohydrate content, glycogen, trehalose, glucose and fructose concentrations, and the activity of amylase and disaccharidases in a developing worker brood. The severity of the infestation was lower (1.18±0.6 of mites per bee) in bees whose diet were supplemented with vitamin C (group AA) than in the control group (C) (1.32±0.56 mites/bee). Glycogen and trehalose levels and the activity of α-amylase, glucoamylase and trehalase were significantly higher in newly emerged workers from group AA. The results of the study indicate that vitamin C in the diet of honey bees moderately reduces infestation levels and might improve selected indicators of carbohydrate metabolism in infested workers and thus improves the condition of apiaries.

scholarly journals Relationship between diet, oxidative stress, and inflammation in ankylosing spondylitis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kübra Tel Adıgüzel ◽  
Fatma Gül Yurdakul ◽  
Nilgün Seremet Kürklü ◽  
Evren Yaşar ◽  
Hatice Bodur
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Ankylosing Spondylitis ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Total Antioxidant Status ◽  
Stress Index ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dietary Record ◽  
Significant Difference

Objectives: This study aims to investigate the relationship between disease activity, dietary phytochemical index (DPI), and serum total oxidant status (TOS) and total antioxidant status (TAS) in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS). Patients and methods: Between August 2020 and January 2021, a total of 37 patients (23 males, 14 females; mean age: 39.3±9.4 years; range, 21 to 61 years) with AS and 36 age-, sex-, and body mass index-matched healthy individuals (24 males, 12 females; mean age: 37.9±8.9 years; range, 20 to 60 years) were included. Serum TAS (μmoLTroloxEq/L) and TOS (μmoL H2O2Eq/L) measurements were performed and the oxidative stress index (OSI) was calculated. Dietary evaluation was made from a one-day dietary record and DPI was calculated. Results: Serum TAS level in AS patients was significantly lower than the healthy group (p=0.003). Serum TOS level was similar in both groups. The OSI of patients was significantly higher than the controls (p=0.035). The mean DPI, polyunsaturated fatty acid, n-3 fatty acid, and vitamin C intake of patients were significantly lower than controls (p=0.042, p=0.033, and p=0.022, respectively). A moderate positive correlation was found between the TAS level and DPI of the control group (r=0.352, p=0.035). According to medications, no significant difference was seen between the groups in terms of patients’ characteristics, DPI, and laboratory tests and there was no correlation between DPI, TAS, TOS, and OSI. Conclusion: Lower DPI and lower n-3 fatty acid and vitamin C intake in patient group demonstrated that patients with AS should pay more attention to their diet to increase serum antioxidant status.

scholarly journals The acaricidal effect of flumethrin, oxalic acid and amitraz against Varroa destructor in honey bee (Apis mellifera carnica) colonies

2011 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maja Ivana Smodiš Škerl ◽  
Mitja Nakrst ◽  
Lucija Žvokelj ◽  
Aleš Gregorc
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Oxalic Acid ◽  
Honey Bee ◽  
Varroa Destructor ◽  
Colony Development ◽  
Apis Mellifera Carnica ◽  
Brood Rearing ◽  
Mite Control ◽  
Bee Colonies ◽  
Mite Mortality

During 2007 and 2008, natural mite mortality was recorded in honey bee colonies. These colonies were then treated with various acaricides against Varroa destructor and acaricide efficacies were evaluated. In 2007, experimental colonies were treated with flumethrin and/or oxalic acid and in 2008 the same colonies were treated with flumethrin, oxalic acid or amitraz. The efficacy of flumethrin in 2007 averaged 73.62% compared to 70.12% for three oxalic acid treatments. In 2008, a reduction of 12.52% in mite numbers was found 4 weeks after flumethrin application, while 4 oxalic acid applications produced significantly higher (P < 0.05) mite mortality, an average of 24.13%. Four consecutive amitraz fumigations produced a 93.82% reduction on average in final mite numbers and thus ensure normal colony development and overwintering. The study is important in order to demonstrate that synthetic acaricides should be constantly re-evaluated and the use of flumethrin at low efficacies need to be superseded by appropriate organic treatments to increase the efficacy of mite control in highly-infested colonies during the period of brood rearing.

scholarly journals Use of Thymol Formulations, Amitraz, and Oxalic Acid for the Control of the Varroa Mite in Honey Bee (Apis mellifera carnica) Colonies

2012 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 61-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleš Gregorc ◽  
Ivo Planinc
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Oxalic Acid ◽  
Honey Bee ◽  
Varroa Destructor ◽  
Oxalic Acid Solution ◽  
Natural Mortality ◽  
Varroa Mite ◽  
Comparative Efficacy ◽  
Apis Mellifera Carnica ◽  
Mite Mortality

Abstract Experiments were conducted in three apiaries to assess the comparative efficacy of: Thymovar (Andermatt BioVet AG); Apiguard (Vita Europe Ltd., UK); an oxalic acid solution (OA) which consisted of 2.9% oxalic acid and 31.9% sugar in water; and amitraz fumigation, for controlling the honey bee mite Varroa destructor. Mite mortality increased significantly (p<0.001) in the Thymovar, Apiguard, OA or amitraz treated colonies. The relative mite mortality after: four OA applications, two Thymovar or two Apiguard applications during August and September in the Senično apiary was 41.80% (±14.31), 14.35% (±10.71), and 18.93% (±13.56), respectively. In the control, i.e. untreated colonies, the mite natural mortality was reduced by 3.10% (±3.50). In the Bohinj apiary, two Apiguard applications and a single amitraz treatment resulted in reducing the mite populations by 19.71% (±12.61) and 23.89% (±14.25), respectively. At the Mediterranean located apiary of Vipava, the Thymovar and Apiguard treatments trigged 59.02% (±17.28) and 46.50% (±13.33) of the total mite reduction. In the Vipava apiary, colonies treated with any miticide during the brood period presented no difference (P>0.05) in efficacy. The results indicate that OA, Thymovar, Apiguard or amitraz fumigations are of limited use during the brood periods.

scholarly journals Effects of selection and local adaptation on resilience and economic suitability in Apis mellifera carnica

Apidologie ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (6) ◽  
pp. 1062-1073 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marin Kovačić ◽  
Zlatko Puškadija ◽  
Marica Maja Dražić ◽  
Aleksandar Uzunov ◽  
Marina D. Meixner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Local Adaptation ◽  
Honey Bees ◽  
Varroa Destructor ◽  
Selective Breeding ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Apis Mellifera Carnica ◽  
Behavioral Traits ◽  
Non Local ◽  
Different Origins

AbstractModern techniques of selective breeding show high potential to improve economically important traits of honey bees. However, breeding may neglect fundamental rules of natural selection. The objective of this study was to analyze the effects of selection and local adaptation on some relevant breeding traits of Apis mellifera carnica. We compared open mated queens from three different origins: local Croatian genotypes that are under controlled selection since five generations (MS), a local genotype that was never under selective breeding (NS) and, finally, a non-local genotype from a long-lasting German breeding program (HS). Generally, colonies with queens from breeding programs had better scores for defensive behavior, calmness, and swarming. In contrast, colonies from the NS group showed higher expression of Varroa destructor resistance traits. Although the HS group showed the highest score in most of the behavioral traits, the low overwintering index of colonies from this group after both wintering periods indicated a lack of local adaptation. This research underlines the relevance of breeding activities for the resilience of honey bee populations and the achievement of local adaptation.

Effects of Selected Antioxidants on Atherosclerosis in Hyperlipidemic Wistar Rats

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. S. Adedapo ◽  
S. Adepoju ◽  
T. O. Olusanya
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Total Antioxidant Status ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Diet Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Group Vi ◽  
Group V

The interplay of hyperlipidemia and oxidative stress in atherosclerosis has been fairly established by previous studies. There remains however, paucity of data in this environment on the direct effects of antioxidants on atherosclerosis. This study therefore aimed at determining the protective effects of EDTA, vitamin C and Vitamin E on atherosclerosis in diet induced heperlipidemic wister rats. Thirty Wister rats were investigated in this study. The rats were randomly divided into five groups (n=6). The control group was fed with growers mash and water only while group II-V were induced with hyperlipidemic diet for ten weeks. In addition to the hyperlipidemic diet; group III received 1 g/kg body weight of EDTA, group IV received 1 g/kg body weight of vitamin C, group V received 1 g/kg body weight of vitamin E, and group VI received EDTA, vitamin C and E. The group’s treatments were orally for two weeks. C-reactive protein, Total cholesterol (TC), Triglyceride (TG), HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, Total calcium and Total antioxidant status were analyzed using standard methods after the treatments. The study showed significant effect in the use of EDTA, Vitamin C and Vitamin E in the treatment of atherosclerosis in rats which could be due to their antioxidant and anti-hyperlipidemic properties. Therefore the combinations EDTA, vitamin C and vitamin E appear greatly protective against atherosclerosis.

scholarly journals Immune related gene expression in worker honey bee (Apis mellifera carnica) pupae exposed to neonicotinoid thiamethoxam and Varroa mites (Varroa destructor)

PLoS ONE ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. e0187079 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanja Tesovnik ◽  
Ivanka Cizelj ◽  
Minja Zorc ◽  
Manuela Čitar ◽  
Janko Božič ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Honey Bee ◽  
Varroa Destructor ◽  
Related Gene ◽  
Apis Mellifera Carnica ◽  
Immune Related Gene ◽  
Varroa Mites
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