Norway and the ‘winning’ of Australian Antarctica

Polar Record ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 360-367
Author(s):  
Noel D. Barrett
Keyword(s):  
Special Interest ◽  
Prime Minister ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Falkland Island ◽  
British Colonial ◽  
Ross Dependency ◽  
Colonial Office

ABSTRACTEnquiries by Norwegian whalers precipitated the British annexation of the Falkland Island Dependencies and the Ross Dependency. Seeking territory free of British control, Lars Christensen's Norwegian whalers claimed Bouvet Island, which the British believed was theirs. Realisation of the economic value of whaling led Leopold Amery, of the British colonial office to develop Britain's Antarctic domination policy. In pursuit of this policy, the 1926 Imperial Conference formulated a process to claim a sector of Antarctica for Australia. A.G. Price's The Winning of Australian Antarctica describes the role of the Mawson led BANZARE in this process. To gain title to Bouvet Island, the Norwegian Government, dependant on friendly relations with Britain, agreed not to claim territory listed by the Imperial Conference as of ‘special interest’ to Britain. Claims made by whalers who had mapped and named territory in the unlisted area between Kemp and Queen Mary Lands were rejected by the Norwegian prime minister. Following the 1933 Order in Council establishing the Australian Antarctic Territory, Norway raised concerns that the territory included Haakon VII Vidde (polar plateau) and the parts of Dronning (Queen) Maud Land that had been mapped and discovered by Norwegians. Price's contention that Australian Antarctica was ‘won’ is questionable.

Malayan Civil Service, 1874–1941 Colonial Bureaucracy/Malayan Elite

1970 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. de Vere Allen
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
European Community ◽  
Civil Service ◽  
Japanese Occupation ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
High Commissioner ◽  
British Colonial ◽  
Colonial Office

When the British first became involved officially in the Malay States in 1874 they were represented there by a very small and oddly assorted group of men quite separate and different from, and only loosely controlled by, the official colonial establishment in the Straits Settlements. By the time of the Japanese occupation this had grown to a group which was very large by normal British colonial standards and had become much more homogeneous, conformed much more closely to general Colonial Office type, and also ruled in the Colony. It is the aim of this paper to trace this development, with an eye to the part played by the M.C.S. (as the Malayan Civil Service was always called) in Malayan history during the early twentieth century. I would myself contend that the corporate role of the M.C.S. was so important that this period of Malayan history, and especially the events of the 1920s and 1930s, cannot be understood without it. But I shall not here have time to explore this role fully, merely to indicate the sphere in which it was important and how it came to be so. The main themes will be the growth in numbers, the emergence of a distinctive esprit de corps, and the efforts, largely successful, to maintain a certain degree of independence–or at any rate internal self-government–which sometimes led it into disputes or open clashes with Whitehall, with the High Commissioner in Singapore, or with the rest of the European community in Malaya itself.

The Foreign Policy Mechanism of the Union Of South Africa and the Development of its Diplomatic Relations (1910–1948)

2020 ◽  
pp. 74-86
Author(s):  
Alexandra Arkhangelskaya
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Foreign Policy ◽  
British Empire ◽  
Prime Minister ◽  
The Political ◽  
Diplomatic Relations ◽  
Economic Evolution ◽  
Local Elite ◽  
History Of

The history of the formation of South Africa as a single state is closely intertwined with events of international scale, which have accordingly influenced the definition and development of the main characteristics of the foreign policy of the emerging state. The Anglo-Boer wars and a number of other political and economic events led to the creation of the Union of South Africa under the protectorate of the British Empire in 1910. The political and economic evolution of the Union of South Africa has some specific features arising from specific historical conditions. The colonization of South Africa took place primarily due to the relocation of Dutch and English people who were mainly engaged in business activities (trade, mining, agriculture, etc.). Connected by many economic and financial threads with the elite of the countries from which the settlers left, the local elite began to develop production in the region at an accelerated pace. South Africa’s favorable climate and natural resources have made it a hub for foreign and local capital throughout the African continent. The geostrategic position is of particular importance for foreign policy in South Africa, which in many ways predetermined a great interest and was one of the fundamental factors of international involvement in the development of the region. The role of Jan Smuts, who served as Prime Minister of the Union of South Africa from 1919 to 1924 and from 1939 to 1948, was particularly prominent in the implementation of the foreign and domestic policy of the Union of South Africa in the focus period of this study. The main purpose of this article is to study the process of forming the mechanisms of the foreign policy of the Union of South Africa and the development of its diplomatic network in the period from 1910 to 1948.

Role of mall attractiveness in shaping fashion shopping orientation of apparel shoppers: a segmentation approach

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ajay Kumar ◽  
Anil Kumar Kashyap
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Variety Seeking ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Shopping Orientation ◽  
Intercept Survey ◽  
Segmentation Approach ◽  
The Difference

Purpose The purpose of this study is to identify distinct segments of apparel shoppers based on their fashion shopping orientation. The difference among the segments based on mall attractive dimension is also examined. Design/methodology/approach The data were collected through mall intercept survey from the mall shoppers. Samples of 375 respondents are used for data analysis purpose. Exploratory factor analysis is used to extract the factors of fashion shopping orientation and mall attractive dimensions while K-means cluster analysis is applied to identify the segments. Findings This study resulted in three factors of fashion orientation of apparel shoppers, i.e. fashion involvement, variety seeking and economic value, and four factors of mall attractive dimensions: convenience, entertainment, atmosphere and architecture design. Based on these factors, this study came out with three distinct segments of fashion shoppers: pragmatic shoppers, variety seeking shoppers and highly fashioned shoppers. These three segments are attracted towards the mall dimension differently. Originality/value This paper presents the three distinct profiles of fashion shoppers based on their fashion shopping orientation and mall attractive dimensions. The findings of this study may help retailers and mall developers to target mall visitors appropriately.

Processual responsiveness in dialogic facilitation

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-148
Author(s):  
Helle Alrø ◽  
Lise Billund
Keyword(s):  
Special Interest ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Interpersonal Relations ◽  
Focused Attention ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Pragmatic Analysis ◽  
Audio Recordings ◽  
Dialogic Approach

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to elaborate on the role of a group facilitator when taking a dialogical stance. A special interest is facilitator’s processual responsiveness and its potential for supporting a dialogic approach to process facilitation. Design/methodology/approach Theoretically, the article is based on dialogue and dialectic relationship theory. Empirically, it is based on pragmatic analysis of excerpts from audio recordings of a two-day process facilitation with an organizational group called KUDIAS. Findings The analysis highlights the importance of processual responsiveness of the facilitator in terms of focused attention to the process as well as to the interpersonal relations between the participants in the process. Being processually responsive, the facilitator supports the process in becoming dialogic toward all participants’ perspectives and in creating a climate characterized by curiosity, wondering, exploration and recognition. However, facilitator’s processual responsiveness also requires the ability to balance the process between support and confrontation. Originality/value Processual responsiveness is developed and discussed theoretically as well as empirically.

Significance of analysis of the mechanism of fingermarks formation, sizes and location – casework examples

2018 ◽  
Vol 301 ◽  
pp. 44-52
Author(s):  
Tomasz Kowalski ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Significant Role ◽  
Special Interest ◽  
The Other ◽  
Fatal Accident ◽  
Preliminary Stage ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Expert Opinions ◽  
First Case ◽  
Initial Stage

The aim of the article to present the role of analysing the manner of generating fingermarks in the investigative proceedings. These examinations are based on the analysis of the location of the marks on a given background and aim at providing the requesting party additional information about the circumstances of the investigated incident. The Author refers to two unusual cases, in which Voivodeship Police Command Forensic Laboratory issued expert opinions in the area of fingerprint identification. In the first case, at the initial stage of the proceedings the circumstances and recovered evidential fingermarks indicated a fatal accident or manslaughter by means of a firearm. In the other case at the preliminary stage recovered evidence did not allow identification of the perpetrator due to incorrectly selected exhibits. These cases would not be off special interest to us without the significant role of proper recovering of fingermarks and their analysis in a broader context than just identification.

Włoska Partia Socjalistyczna i opozycja zza „żelaznej kurtyny”: przypadek Polski w kontekście relacji Craxi–Solidarność

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (325) ◽  
pp. 5-53
Author(s):  
Enrico Landoni
Keyword(s):  
Turning Point ◽  
Prime Minister ◽  
Charismatic Leadership ◽  
Practical Realization ◽  
Soviet System ◽  
History Of ◽  
General Secretary

The election of Bettino Craxi as PSI general secretary marked, from 1976, a very important turning point in thehistory of Italian socialism. His dynamic and charismatic leadership in fact contributed to a profound revisionof its ideological seeds, the so-called scientific Marxism, and above all to the recovery of the humanitarianand libertarian suggestions of pre-Marxist socialism. This led to the clear and definitive condemnation of theMarxist-Leninist model, which had found its practical realization in the Soviet system and in the countriesbeyond the Curtain, and prompted PSI to support the anti-communist dissidence and to establish strongrelations with the Polish opposition and above all with Solidarność. Craxi, both in the role of PSI generalsecretary and as Italian prime minister, was able to provide it with a great political-diplomatic support and alot of concrete help. Up to now, the history of these relations has not yet been adequately studied and thispaper therefore aims to fill the gap.

PERAN HAK CIPTA DALAM PEMBANGUNAN DAN KESEJAHTERAAN MASYARAKAT

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Andi Baso Ilmar M
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Property ◽  
Intellectual Property Rights ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Property Law ◽  
Community Activities ◽  
The Government ◽  
Legal Infrastructure

AbstrakIndonesia sebagai salah satu negara yang mengatur ketentuan Hak Kekayaan Intelektual khususnya Hak Cipta diatur dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 28 Tahun 2014 tentang Hak Cipta. Seiring dengan pesatnya perkembangan kreatifitas masyarakat dalam lingkup Hak Cipta yang memiliki nilai ekonomis dan dapat berpengaruh pada pertumbuhan ekonomi dalam masyarakat, kemudian bagaimana Hukum Kekayaan Intelektual khususnya dibidang Hak Cipta dapat meningkatkan kesadaran masyarakat sehingga dibutuhkan juga kesiapan infrastruktur hukum berupa regulasi untuk membantu perkembangan Hak Cipta di Indonesia sebagai payung hukum dari kegiatan masyarakat, serta bagaimana penagakannya. Penulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana peran kekayaan intelektual khususnya Hak Cipta dalam pembangunan demi menunjang kesejahteraan masyarakat. Seperti hasil kreatifitas masyarakat dibidang Hak Cipta yang dapat memiliki nilai ekonomis memiliki jaminan dan kepastian hukum dari pemerintah berdasarkan Undang-Undang Nomor 28 Tahun 2014 tentang Hak Cipta.Kata Kunci: Hak Cipta, Pembangunan, Jaminan, Kepastian, Kesejahteraan. AbstractIndonesia as one of the countries that regulates the provisions of Intellectual Property Rights specifically Copyright is regulated in Law Number 28 of 2014 concerning Copyright. Along with the rapid development of community creativity in the scope of Copyright which has economic value and can affect economic growth in society, then how can Intellectual Property Law, especially in the field of Copyright, increase public awareness so that legal infrastructure readiness is also needed in the form of regulations to assist the development of Copyright in Unikom Center Indonesia as the legal umbrella for community activities, as well as how to enforce them. This writing aims to see how the role of intellectual property, especially copyright in development for the welfare of society. Such as the result of community creativity in the field of Copyright which can have economic value has legal guarantees and certainty from the government based on Law Number 28 of 2014 concerning Copyright.Keywords: Copyright, Development, Guarantee, Certainty, Prosperity.

PENGEMBANGAN KAMPUNG COKLAT SEBAGAI AGROWISATA DI BLITAR JAWA TIMUR

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (02) ◽  
pp. 29-34
Author(s):  
Muhammad Syaifulloh ◽  
Wahyu Setiawan
Keyword(s):  
Human Resources ◽  
Product Quality ◽  
Special Interest ◽  
Active Role ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Tourist Attraction ◽  
New Jobs

Kampung Coklat is a tourist attraction of special interest in Blitar, East Java, an ecotourism. Tourist components that have been held, the product quality is maintained, Human Resources who has been there, security from both outside and within the company and also cooperation with local communities necessary for the development, enhancement, training, coaching and maintenance. It is intended to support the development which will be done so as not to compete with other competitors. People who play an active role and cooperation that has existed well into the main capital to undertake development . The role of the community has been proven to work and establish new jobs in Kampung Coklat . Besides the community to fully support the development of Kampung Coklat. Keywords: ecotourism , tourism , products

scholarly journals From Culture 1.0 to Culture 3.0: Three Socio-Technical Regimes of Social and Economic Value Creation through Culture, and Their Impact on European Cohesion Policies

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 3923 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pier Sacco ◽  
Guido Ferilli ◽  
Giorgio Tavano Blessi
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Production ◽  
Value Creation ◽  
Cultural Policy ◽  
Policy Design ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Cultural Participation ◽  
Social Value Creation ◽  
Open Question ◽  
The Relationship

We develop a new conceptual framework to analyze the evolution of the relationship between cultural production and different forms of economic and social value creation in terms of three alternative socio-technical regimes that have emerged over time. We show how, with the emergence of the Culture 3.0 regime characterized by novel forms of active cultural participation, where the distinction between producers and users of cultural and creative contents is increasingly blurred, new channels of social and economic value creation through cultural participation acquire increasing importance. We characterize them through an eight-tier classification, and argue on this basis why cultural policy is going to acquire a central role in the policy design approaches of the future. Whether Europe will play the role of a strategic leader in this scenario in the context of future cohesion policies is an open question.

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