Point prevalence of bulimia nervosa in 1982, 1992, and 2002

2005 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
PAMELA K. KEEL ◽  
TODD F. HEATHERTON ◽  
DAVID J. DORER ◽  
THOMAS E. JOINER ◽  
ALYSON K. ZALTA
Keyword(s):  
Bulimia Nervosa ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Cultural Factors ◽  
Point Prevalence ◽  
Eating Patterns ◽  
Participation Rates ◽  
Eating Disorder Inventory ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
College Population ◽  
Caucasian Students

Background. Recent epidemiological data suggest a decline in bulimia nervosa (BN) incidence in primary care. We sought to examine BN point prevalence from 1982 to 2002 in a college population.Method. In 1982, 1992, and 2002, 800 women and 400 men were randomly sampled from a university for a study of health and eating patterns. Participation rates were 72% in women and 63% in men, resulting in n=2491 participants.Results. BN point prevalence decreased significantly in women over the period of observation. Eating Disorder Inventory Bulimia scores decreased across cohorts, and these decreases remained significant when male and female and Caucasian and non-Caucasian students were analyzed separately.Conclusion. These data support a decline in BN rates that cannot be attributed to changes in service utilization. Changing socio-cultural factors may explain a true decrease in BN incidence and prevalence.

scholarly journals DoDSM-5Eating Disorder Criteria Overpathologize Normative Eating Patterns among Individuals with Obesity?

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer J. Thomas ◽  
Katherine A. Koh ◽  
Kamryn T. Eddy ◽  
Andrea S. Hartmann ◽  
Helen B. Murray ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Bulimia Nervosa ◽  
Binge Eating ◽  
Binge Eating Disorder ◽  
Interrater Reliability ◽  
Clinical Interview ◽  
Point Prevalence ◽  
Eating Patterns ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
Dsm Iv

Background.DSM-5revisions have been criticized in the popular press for overpathologizing normative eating patterns—particularly among individuals with obesity. To evaluate the evidence for this and otherDSM-5critiques, we compared the point prevalence and interrater reliability ofDSM-IVversusDSM-5eating disorders (EDs) among adults seeking weight-loss treatment.Method.Clinicians (n=2) assignedDSM-IVandDSM-5ED diagnoses to 100 participants via routine clinical interview. Research assessors (n=3) independently conferred ED diagnoses via Structured Clinical Interview forDSM-IVand aDSM-5checklist.Results. Research assessors diagnosed a similar proportion of participants with EDs underDSM-IV(29%) versusDSM-5(32%).DSM-5research diagnoses included binge eating disorder (9%), bulimia nervosa (2%), subthreshold binge eating disorder (5%), subthreshold bulimia nervosa (2%), purging disorder (1%), night eating syndrome (6%), and other (7%). Interrater reliability between clinicians and research assessors was “substantial” for bothDSM-IV(κ= 0.64, 84% agreement) andDSM-5(κ= 0.63, 83% agreement).Conclusion.DSM-5ED criteria can be reliably applied in an obesity treatment setting and appear to yield an overall ED point prevalence comparable toDSM-IV.

scholarly journals Dissociazione e alessitimia in un campione di pazienti con Disturbo del Comportamento Alimentare

2010 ◽  
Vol 12 (1-2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco La Marra ◽  
Walter Sapuppo ◽  
Giorgio Caviglia
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Bulimia Nervosa ◽  
Binge Eating ◽  
Binge Eating Disorder ◽  
Emotional States ◽  
Eating Disorder Inventory ◽  
Dissociative Experiences Scale ◽  
Dissociative Experiences

The aim of this study has been to investigate the dissociative phenomena and the difficulties related to perceive, understand and describe the proper ones and other people's emotional states in a sample of 53 patients with Eating Disorders. The recruited sample is made by 14 Anorexia Nervosa (AN) patients, 15 with Bulimia Nervosa (BN), 12 with Eating Disorder Non Otherwise Specified (EDNOS) and 12 with Binge Eating Disorder (BED). To all subjects was administred the Eating Disorder Inventory-2, the Dissociative Experiences Scale and the Scala Alessitimica Romana. In according with literature, we confirme the relationships among Eating Disorders, the dissociative phenomena and Alexithymia.

scholarly journals Cultural factors and sexual dysfunction in clinical practice

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 144-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vishal Bhavsar ◽  
Dinesh Bhugra
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Dysfunction ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Help Seeking ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Explanatory Models ◽  
Cultural Factors ◽  
Child Rearing ◽  
Sex Partners ◽  
Therapeutic Engagement

SummaryAttitudes to sex and the perceived role of sexual activity are very strongly influenced by cultural values. Culturally determined gender roles influence relationships between different-sex partners, and cultural values affect attitudes towards sexual variation. Cultures define what is deviant and from where help is sought. Through differing patterns of child-rearing, cultures also affect individuals' cognitive development, world views and explanatory models of emotional distress. It is critical that clinicians are aware of the role of culture in defining sexual dysfunction and how cultural factors can be used in initiating treatment as well as in therapeutic engagement and alliance. Although epidemiological data on prevalence of sexual dysfunction across cultures are scanty, it is likely that prevalences vary, as will pathways into care and patterns of help-seeking. In this article we discuss the potential impact of culture on sexual dysfunction, and issues that clinicians, whether in specialist or in general services, need to be aware of in assessing and treating patients who present with sexual dysfunction.

Eating Disorders

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth C. Pomeroy ◽  
Polly Y. Browning
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Bulimia Nervosa ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Eating Patterns ◽  
Prevalence Rates ◽  
Not Otherwise Specified ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Maladaptive Eating

Eating disorders involve maladaptive eating patterns accompanied by a wide range of physical complications likely to require extensive treatment. In addition, “eating disorders” frequently occur with other mental disorders, such as depression, substance abuse, and anxiety disorders. The earlier these disorders are diagnosed and treated, the better the chances are for full recovery” (NIMH, 2011). As of 2013, lifetime prevalence rates for anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and binge eating disorder are 0.9%, 1.5%, and 3.5% among females, and 0.3%, 0.5%, and 2.0% among males respectively (Hudson, Hiripi, Pope, & Kessler, 2007). Early diagnosis is imperative; the National Institute of Mental Health estimates that the mortality rate for anorexia is 0.56% per year, one of the highest mortality rates of any mental illness, including depression (NIMH, 2006). More recent research (Crow et al., 2009) indicates mortality rates as high as 4.0% for anorexia nervosa, 3.9% for bulimia nervosa and 5.2% for eating disorders not otherwise specified. Current research and treatment options are discussed.

scholarly journals Introduction to the Special Issue

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (01) ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Fabrice Bensimon
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Cultural Factors ◽  
High Wage ◽  
Economic Aspects ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Associational Life ◽  
Local Populations ◽  
The Us ◽  
Social And Cultural Factors

AbstractIn the period 1815–1870, several thousand British workers and engineers went to the continent for work purposes, playing a decisive part in European industrialisation. Workers emigrated because they could market their skills at good value; or because their British employers sought to make the most of their technical lead by setting businesses up abroad, and by producing on the continent, they could avoid protective tariffs.Which social and cultural factors enabled British capital to flow to continental and indeed global enterprise, British skills to shape labour processes overseas, and British male and female labourers to seek and find overseas employment? This introduction to the Special Issue raises a series of questions on these flows. It asks what numbers went to the continent, in comparison with the large flows to the US and the British World. It addresses the legislative and economic aspects of these labour migrations and tries to relate these to the discussion on the supposed ‘high-wage economy’ of the British industrial revolution. It also focuses on the practicalities of migration. Last, it is also interested in the cultural, religious and associational life of the British migrants, as well as in the relations with the local populations.

Body Satisfaction in Adolescence

1971 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward Clifford
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Body Satisfaction ◽  
Cultural Factors ◽  
The Body ◽  
Female Adolescents ◽  
Body Experience ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Standards Of Beauty

Body-satisfaction and self-satisfaction scales based on the work of Secord and Jourard (1953) were given to 146 male and 194 female adolescents ranging in age from 11 through 19 yr. Response tendencies of males and females are significantly different, females expressing more dissatisfaction with themselves and their bodies than do males. The expression of body- and self-satisfaction was not related to age for this range. Despite differences in response tendencies, male and female adolescents tended to react to body- and self-satisfaction items in a similar fashion. For both sexes the same degree of relative dissatisfaction was expressed for those aspects of the body experience associated with growth, namely, height, weight, and physique. It is also suggested that the relative expression of dissatisfaction with height, weight, chest, waist, and hips may reflect cultural factors associated with concerns with weight gain in an affluent society, rather than concerns with stylized standards of beauty.

scholarly journals Business Administration Students in Five Canadian Universities: A Study of Values

1980 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-93
Author(s):  
Slavek J. Hurka
Keyword(s):  
Business Students ◽  
Business Administration ◽  
Business Student ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Canadian Universities ◽  
College Population ◽  
Business Administration Students ◽  
Student Values ◽  
Administration Students

Using the Allport-Vernon-Lindzey (A VL ) for measuring dominant values, 513 business administration students from five schools in the Prairie Region were tested. The A VL scale measures relative importance of student values in six basic areas: theoretical, econo- mic, aesthetic, social, political and religious. The sample included 349 men and 164 women enrolled in different class levels (years 1 to 4) in five schools of business. Significant differences were found between business student values and the norms for the general college population, and between the values of male and female business adminis- tration students. Differences were progressively less significant when business students were compared by class levels and by schools.

scholarly journals BULIMIA NERVOSA BETWEEN ISLAMIC LAW AND HEALTH PERSPECTIVE

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 136
Author(s):  
Suhartina Rustam ◽  
Muhammad Sabir ◽  
Abdul Rahman Qayyum
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Bulimia Nervosa ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Eating Patterns ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
Community Approach ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
Harmful Behavior

The purpose of this research is to 1) determine the factors that influence the employees of Bank Axa Mandiri Makassar City to carry out Bulimia Nervosa. 2) To formulate the prevention and treatment of bulimia nervosa. 3) To indetify the harm of bulimia nervosa behavior in terms of health and Islamic law aspects. Answering these problems, the author uses the health and syar'i approach. The health approach is used because it refers to the scope of Islamic law. This type of research is qualitative research (field research), then a sociological (community) approach technique by examining the field's facts. This study's results indicate the factors that cause the employees of the Makassar City Axa Mandiri Bank to commit Bulimia nervosa, namely because of the demands of their work and wanting to satisfy their appetite. In terms of health aspects, the harmful behavior of bulimia nervosa can cause various diseases. As for the behavior of bulimia nervosa in terms of Islamic law, it is an act that is prohibited and makes the perpetrator will get a sin. Bulimia nervosa prevention can be done with gratitude, increased self-confidence, being realistic, adjusting eating patterns, and socializing. Several steps can be taken to take action to treat bulimia nervosa with psychologist therapy. 

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