Affective lability mediates the association between childhood trauma and suicide attempts, mixed episodes and co-morbid anxiety disorders in bipolar disorders

2016 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 902-912 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Aas ◽  
C. Henry ◽  
F. Bellivier ◽  
M. Lajnef ◽  
S. Gard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Childhood Trauma ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Bipolar Disorders ◽  
History Of Childhood ◽  
History Of ◽  
Axis I ◽  
Affective Lability ◽  
The Relationship

BackgroundMany studies have shown associations between a history of childhood trauma and more severe or complex clinical features of bipolar disorders (BD), including suicide attempts and earlier illness onset. However, the psychopathological mechanisms underlying these associations are still unknown. Here, we investigated whether affective lability mediates the relationship between childhood trauma and the severe clinical features of BD.MethodA total of 342 participants with BD were recruited from France and Norway. Diagnosis and clinical characteristics were assessed using the Diagnostic Interview for Genetic Studies (DIGS) or the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I disorders (SCID-I). Affective lability was measured using the short form of the Affective Lability Scale (ALS-SF). A history of childhood trauma was assessed using the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ). Mediation analyses were performed using the SPSSprocessmacro.ResultsUsing the mediation model and covariation for the lifetime number of major mood episodes, affective lability was found to statistically mediate the relationship between childhood trauma experiences and several clinical variables, including suicide attempts, mixed episodes and anxiety disorders. No significant mediation effects were found for rapid cycling or age at onset.ConclusionsOur data suggest that affective lability may represent a psychological dimension that mediates the association between childhood traumatic experiences and the risk of a more severe or complex clinical expression of BD.

Childhood Trauma in Bipolar Disorders: Familial and Individual Mediators for Predicting Occurrence and Outcome

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S28-S28
Author(s):  
B. Etain
Keyword(s):  
Physical Abuse ◽  
Childhood Trauma ◽  
Emotional Abuse ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Bipolar Disorders ◽  
Affect Intensity ◽  
The Face ◽  
History Of ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
Psychotic Features

Childhood trauma is highly prevalent in patients with bipolar disorder (BD) and has been associated to a more severe/complex expression of the disorder. Little is known about the familial and individual factors that can mediate the occurrence of trauma within families but also influence the outcomes of BD. We will present data from two independent samples of patients with BD in order to identify the potential mediators for occurrence and severity/complexity. In a first sample of 371 patients with BD, 256 relatives and 157 healthy controls, we will show that there is a familial resemblance for emotional and physical abuses. Patients’ level of physical abuse was associated with their parental levels of physical abuse, but also with their father's history of alcohol misuse (p < 0.05). Second, in a sub-sample of 270 normothymic patients, we have performed a path-analysis to demonstrate that emotional and physical abuses interacted with cannabis misuse to increase the frequency of psychotic features and delusional beliefs. Finally, in an independent sample of 485 euthymic patients from the FACE-BD cohort we used path-analytic models to show that emotional abuse increased all the assessed affective/impulsive dimensions (p < 0.001). In turn, affect intensity and attitudinal hostility were associated with high risk for suicide attempts (p < 0.001), whereas impulsivity was associated with a higher risk for presence of substance misuse (p < 0.001). These results illustrate that childhood trauma might derive from parental characteristics (own childhood trauma and psychopathology) and increase the severity/complexity of BD through individual dimensions of psychopathology.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals Childhood trauma and psychosis - what is the evidence?

2011 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 360-365 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Childhood Trauma ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
History Of Childhood ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
History Of ◽  
Negative Perceptions ◽  
Increased Sensitivity

In the last decade, a substantial number of population-based studies have suggested that childhood trauma is a risk factor for psychosis. In several studies, the effects held after adjusting for a wide range of potentially confounding variables, including genetic liability for psychosis. Less is known about the mechanisms underlying the association between childhood trauma and psychosis. Possible pathways include relationships between negative perceptions of the self, negative affect, and psychotic symptoms, as well as biological mechanisms such as dysregulated cortisol and increased sensitivity to stress. Psychotic patients with a history of childhood trauma tend to present with a variety of additional problems, including post-traumatic stress disorder, greater substance abuse, higher levels of depression and anxiety, and more frequent suicide attempts. Initial studies suggest that trauma-specific treatments are as beneficial for these patients as for other diagnostic groups.

The relationship of childhood trauma and DNA methylation of NMDA receptor genes in first-episode schizophrenia

Epigenomics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camila M Loureiro ◽  
Helene A Fachim ◽  
Fabiana Corsi-Zuelli ◽  
Rosana Shuhama ◽  
Paulo R Menezes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Childhood Trauma ◽  
Genomic Dna ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Childhood Trauma Questionnaire ◽  
History Of Childhood ◽  
History Of ◽  
First Episode Schizophrenia ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Aim: We investigated GRIN1, GRIN2A, GRIN2B and LINE-1 DNA methylation in first-episode schizophrenia patients, their nonaffected siblings and age- and sex-matched controls testing for associations between DNA methylation and exposition to childhood trauma. Materials & methods: The Childhood Trauma Questionnaire evaluated the history of childhood trauma. Genomic DNA was bisulfite converted and pyrosequencing was employed to quantify DNA methylation. Results: GRIN2A, GRIN2B and LINE-1 DNA methylation was not associated with childhood trauma in patients, siblings and controls. Siblings with childhood trauma had hypermethylation at CpG1 of GRIN1 compared with siblings without trauma. Conclusion: Childhood trauma may influence GRIN1 methylation in subjects with liability to psychosis, but not in frank schizophrenia or controls.

scholarly journals Association between childhood trauma and multimodal early-onset hallucinations

2020 ◽  
Vol 216 (3) ◽  
pp. 156-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
François Medjkane ◽  
Charles-Edouard Notredame ◽  
Lucie Sharkey ◽  
Fabien D'Hondt ◽  
Guillaume Vaiva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Childhood Trauma ◽  
Traumatic Experiences ◽  
History Of Childhood ◽  
Sensory Modalities ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Psychiatric Problems

SummaryPrevious reports suggest that adverse events during childhood could be related to an array of psychiatric problems. Here, we question the relationship between childhood traumatic experiences and the sensory complexity of hallucinations in a cohort of 75 children and adolescents. We evidence a positive link between the number of sensory modalities involved in hallucinations and history of childhood trauma, even after controlling for the co-occurrence of suicidal ideation or the number of ICD-10 diagnoses. These findings support initiatives in which a routine exploration of traumatic events in childhood is performed when multimodal hallucinations are present.

The relationship between childhood trauma and theory of mind in schizophrenia

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. s259-s259 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Mrizak ◽  
R. Trabelsi ◽  
A. Arous ◽  
A. Aissa ◽  
H. Ben Ammar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Theory Of Mind ◽  
Childhood Trauma ◽  
Short Story ◽  
Childhood Trauma Questionnaire ◽  
History Of Childhood ◽  
Neurocognitive Impairments ◽  
History Of ◽  
Physical Neglect ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
The Relationship

IntroductionA history of childhood trauma is reportedly more prevalent in people suffering from psychosis than in the general population. Previous studies linked childhood trauma (CT) to neurocognitive impairments in schizophrenia (SCZ), but rarely to theory of mind (TOM) deficits.ObjectivesTo investigate the relationship between TOM deficits and CT in SCZ.MethodsFifty-eight outpatients with stable SCZ completed the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire retrospectively assessing five types of childhood trauma (emotional, physical and sexual abuse, and emotional and physical neglect). They also completed an intention-inferencing task, in which the ability to infer a character's intentions from information in a short story is assessed.ResultsOur results suggest a relationship between specific kinds of CT and TOM deficits. A history of childhood physical neglect was significantly correlated to a worse performance in the intention-inferencing task (P = 0,001). Patients with higher scores of CT denial also had less correct answers (P = 0,035) and more false answers (P = 0,013).ConclusionsOur results need replication but underline the necessity of investigating psychosocial mechanisms underlying the development of social cognition deficits, including deficits in TOM.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals The role of trauma and partner support in perinatal depression and parenting stress: An Australian pregnancy cohort study

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 225-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megan Galbally ◽  
Stuart J Watson ◽  
Philip Boyce ◽  
Andrew J Lewis
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Parenting Stress ◽  
Childhood Trauma ◽  
Perinatal Depression ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Partner Support ◽  
History Of Childhood ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Relationship

Background: Improving our understanding of the relationship between maternal depression and parenting stress is likely to lie in the range of additional factors that are associated with vulnerability to depression and also to parenting stress. Objectives: To examine the role of trauma and partner support, in understanding the relationship between perinatal depression and parenting stress. Methods: This study utilises data from 246 women in a pregnancy cohort study that followed women from early pregnancy until their infant was 12 months. Included were both women with a diagnosis of depression and those without depression. The measures included Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, Childhood Trauma Questionnaire, Social Support Effectiveness Questionnaire and the Parenting Stress Index. Results: We found women with depression were more likely to report a history of childhood trauma. Depressive symptoms were positively associated with parenting stress while partner support was negatively associated with parenting stress. The protective role of partner support for parenting distress was observed in those with no history of childhood abuse and low depressive symptoms, but not in those with a trauma history and high depressive symptoms. Conclusions: These findings highlight the importance of early trauma in understanding the protective role of support on the relationship between parenting and depression. These findings can inform future studies and the refinement of future interventions aimed at both perinatal depression and parenting.

scholarly journals Effect of Childhood Psychological Trauma on Mood and Neurotic Disorders: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 699-719
Author(s):  
Rohit Jaiswal
Keyword(s):  
Childhood Trauma ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Psychological Trauma ◽  
Mental Illnesses ◽  
Research Papers ◽  
Neurotic Disorder ◽  
History Of Childhood ◽  
Neurotic Disorders ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract: Childhood trauma has been always associated with an increase in the prevalence of mental illnesses. Here, in this paper, we try to investigate and analyse different research papers to understand the relationship between childhood trauma and neurotic and mood disorders. We analysed more than 55 papers from the various sample populations which comprised various age groups. The results showed that childhood sexual and physical abuse is more prevalent in patients with depressive and anxiety disorders. Also, bipolar and neurotic excoriation patients had a history of childhood trauma. This concluded that childhood trauma can increase the risk of developing mood or neurotic disorders. Keywords: Childhood trauma, abuse, neurotic disorder and mood disorder.

Investigating the Relationship Between Self-Esteem and Stigma Among Young Adults With History of Suicide Attempts

Crisis ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 265-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meshan Lehmann ◽  
Matthew R. Hilimire ◽  
Lawrence H. Yang ◽  
Bruce G. Link ◽  
Jordan E. DeVylder
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
High Risk Population ◽  
High Functioning ◽  
People With Mental Illness ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract. Background: Self-esteem is a major contributor to risk for repeated suicide attempts. Prior research has shown that awareness of stigma is associated with reduced self-esteem among people with mental illness. No prior studies have examined the association between self-esteem and stereotype awareness among individuals with past suicide attempts. Aims: To understand the relationship between stereotype awareness and self-esteem among young adults who have and have not attempted suicide. Method: Computerized surveys were administered to college students (N = 637). Linear regression analyses were used to test associations between self-esteem and stereotype awareness, attempt history, and their interaction. Results: There was a significant stereotype awareness by attempt interaction (β = –.74, p = .006) in the regression analysis. The interaction was explained by a stronger negative association between stereotype awareness and self-esteem among individuals with past suicide attempts (β = –.50, p = .013) compared with those without attempts (β = –.09, p = .037). Conclusion: Stigma is associated with lower self-esteem within this high-functioning sample of young adults with histories of suicide attempts. Alleviating the impact of stigma at the individual (clinical) or community (public health) levels may improve self-esteem among this high-risk population, which could potentially influence subsequent suicide risk.

The Significance of a History of Childhood Sexual Abuse in Bulimia Nervosa

1995 ◽  
Vol 167 (5) ◽  
pp. 679-682 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick F. Sullivan ◽  
Cynthia M. Bulik ◽  
Frances A. Carter ◽  
Peter R. Joyce
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Childhood Sexual Abuse ◽  
Bulimia Nervosa ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Global Functioning ◽  
History Of Childhood ◽  
Bulimic Symptoms ◽  
History Of ◽  
Bulimic Women

BackgroundChildhood sexual abuse (CSA) is found to have occurred to a substantial minority of women with bulimia nervosa. Its clinical significance is unclear.MethodWe studied 87 bulimic women in a clinical trial. Structured interviews determined the presence of CSA, DSM–III–R disorders, global functioning, and depressive and bulimic symptoms.ResultsForty-four per cent reported a history of CSA. Bulimic women with CSA reported earlier onset of bulimia, greater depressive symptoms, worse global functioning and more suicide attempts, and were more likely to meet criteria for bipolar II disorder, alcohol and drug dependence, conduct disorder and avoidant personality disorder.ConclusionsAlthough those with CSA had greater comorbidity, it was not an important modifier of bulimic symptoms.

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