Who are the Asset-Poor in China: A Comprehensive Description and Policy Implications

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 765-787
Author(s):  
YUANYUAN YANG ◽  
JUN-HONG CHEN ◽  
MINCHAO JIN
Keyword(s):  
Critical Role ◽  
Large Body ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Urban China ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Income Poverty ◽  
Chinese Government ◽  
Household Asset ◽  
Asset Poverty

AbstractThere is a large body of literature asserting that household asset holdings play a critical role in prospects of economic and social well-being. This study examines asset-poverty rates in China using the 2013 survey data from the Chinese Household Income Project (CHIP). The results indicate that asset-poverty rates in urban China were lower than those of developed countries, whereas rural and migrant households experienced more serious asset poverty than their counterparts in urban China. In addition, the asset-poverty rates were at least twice the income-poverty rates in China according to the different poverty lines used in the study. Several demographic characteristics were found associated with asset poverty. To assist the Chinese government in reaching its goal of eradicating absolute poverty by 2020 through targeted poverty alleviation, this study suggests including assets in the description and alleviation of poverty.

scholarly journals Asset Poverty in Urban China: A Study Using the 2002 Chinese Household Income Project

2013 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 763-781 ◽  
Author(s):  
JIN HUANG ◽  
MINCHAO JIN ◽  
SUO DENG ◽  
BAORONG GUO ◽  
LI ZOU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Household Income ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Poverty Rate ◽  
Urban China ◽  
Precautionary Savings ◽  
Income Poverty ◽  
Asset Poverty ◽  
Liquid Asset ◽  
Net Worth ◽  
Gap Ratio

AbstractDefining asset poverty as insufficiency of assets to satisfy household basic needs for a limited period of time, the study examines asset-poverty rates in urban China using the 2002 survey data from the Chinese Household Income Project (CHIP). We find that asset-poverty rates in urban China are lower than those of developed countries, in part due to Chinese households’ strong commitment to precautionary savings and the low poverty standards. However, the liquid asset-poverty rate is five times that of the income-poverty rate in urban China. Notably, the asset-poverty-gap ratio shows that most households in asset poverty have zero liquid assets or negative net worth. Asset building could be an integral part of the anti-poverty agenda to protect the poor from economic hardship and provide them with opportunities for economic growth.

scholarly journals Transport Corridors for Wider Socio–Economic Development

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (19) ◽  
pp. 5248 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Quium
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Income Poverty ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Sub Saharan

There can be two broad objectives of transport corridor development: to improve efficiency in the transport and logistics processes in the corridor, and to generate economic development in the corridor region, capitalizing on improved connectivity and transport networks. This paper focuses on the second objective of corridor development. A transport corridor can become a tool for spatially balanced and more sustainable economic development and human well-being in the corridor region. Considering the promise of this approach, this paper undertakes a critical review of transport infrastructure development studies undertaken in Sub-Saharan and South Asian countries to find evidence of infrastructure development impacts. Evidence gathered from the review suggests that transport infrastructure development can have significant positive impacts on economic growth, income, poverty, employment, equity, and inclusion. However, there can be important trade-offs between economy and welfare and environmental quality, and the distribution of impacts can be uneven. The paper also considers how some of the transport corridor development issues are addressed and complementary interventions that may be required, and, finally, discusses lessons learned from the review and their policy implications which can be useful for future corridor designs, and provides suggestions of research studies to fill the current knowledge gaps.

ICT4D in China and the Capability Approach

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carol Ting
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Capability Approach ◽  
Rural China ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Chinese Government ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Capability Approach

For more than a decade, the Chinese government has poured copious resources into rural informatization as a means to increase agricultural productivity and rural economic growth. Such efforts so far have not produced definite results in rural areas, but increasing economic inequality and rising environmental threats have already forced the government to rethink its growth-centered development policy. Indeed, recent government releases clearly state the resolve to departure from the “GDP obsession” of the past. Meanwhile, the past three decades saw the rise of a powerful alternative development approach—the Capability Approach (CA), which focuses on empowering individuals and sees economic growth as one element of well-being. Given that the CA can potentially help devising a more coherent and holistic framework for Information and communications technologies for development (ICT4D), this paper examines the compatibility between the Capability Approach and the top-down socialist approach towards rural informatization in China. Built on two case studies of rural informatization in rural China, the present paper identifies potential obstacles to the adoption of the Capability Approach and discusses policy implications and suggestions.

Governing the poor in Guangzhou: Marginalization and the neo-liberal paternalist construction of deservedness

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 210-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen Zhuoyi ◽  
Ngok Kinglun
Keyword(s):  
Social Protection ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Urban China ◽  
Living Standard ◽  
Chinese Government ◽  
Social Citizenship ◽  
Early 21St Century ◽  
The Poor ◽  
The Social ◽  
Deserving Poor

Since the early 21st century, the Chinese government has proactively expanded social protection by providing better benefits and broader coverage for its people. However, a new puzzle has emerged in the Minimum Living Standard Scheme, ‘last resort of social protection’ in China. Normally, when the benefit standard is set higher, relatively more people situated below this line are entitled to receive assistance. However, in reality fewer people than expected receive support. We study the case of Guangzhou, the capital of Guangdong Province, to explain this phenomenon and analyse the social citizenship of marginalized groups in urban China. We reveal the decline in replacement rates and tighter conditionality applied to defining the ‘deserving poor’ by reviewing administrative data and policy documents from 1995 to 2016. Drawing on the longitudinal qualitative study conducted between 2009 and 2011, we further illustrate how the decreased replacement rate and tighter conditionality diminish the well-being of the poor. Our findings on policy changes and their outcomes in Guangzhou provide some important insights into poverty governance and social citizenship under China’s social development in the past decade.

Ethnic diversity and social welfare provision in non-democracies: Evidence from China

2020 ◽  
pp. 019251212090711
Author(s):  
Yichen Guan
Keyword(s):  
Social Welfare ◽  
Ethnic Diversity ◽  
Large Body ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Ethnic Composition ◽  
Chinese Government ◽  
Welfare Provision ◽  
Welfare Spending ◽  
Public Projects ◽  
The Impact

A large body of literature suggests that ethnic diversity matters to social welfare provision in democracies by lowering the demand for public projects, but it does not look at the impact of ethnic diversity on social welfare provision in authoritarian regimes. By analyzing county-level data on ethnic composition and public spending on social welfare in China, this study finds that in an authoritarian settings, ethnic diversity is correlated with a higher share of social welfare spending. Despite the divergent preferences people may have for social welfare provision due to ethnic diversity, local Chinese government tends to provide a larger share of social welfare spending in ethnically fragmented places to improve the general well-being of the population and maintain regime stability. This finding extends our understanding of the relationship between ethnic diversity and social welfare provision in non-democratic settings, shedding new light on how regime type affects the shaping of local fiscal policy.

Growth equity and sectoral decompositions of aggregate poverty changes in Cameroon

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-71
Author(s):  
Johannes Tabi Atemnkeng ◽  
Daniel Mbu Tambi
Keyword(s):  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Decomposition Analysis ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Income Poverty ◽  
Household Asset ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Household Assets ◽  
Physical Assets

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to provide insight to policy-makers into a framework for action, which is needed to effectively reduce poverty in its monetary and non-monetary dimensions. Design/methodology/approach Specifically, an exact decomposition analysis is conducted that is based on the Shapley value method, and investigated the growth and redistribution effects as well as changes due to mobility and sector-specific effects of the variation in both income/expenditure and non-income poverty dimensions. Findings Growth in mean consumption and household assets accounted for the bulk of the improvement in poverty reduction and the results complement the evidence obtained from the “sectoral decomposition” of poverty in Cameroon which may indeed have a strong bearing on the sectoral shares of poverty. The temptation is resisted, however, not to deny that redistribution also has an important role to play, yet there must be severe limits to what can be achieved by growth neutral redistribution. The redistribution effect had an ameliorating tendency in household asset deprivation among farming households. Originality/value This paper is a well-written piece using quite rigorous and interesting methodological approach. To obtain a measure of non-income dimensions of well-being, the authors constructed composite indices on household assets reflecting household access to a range of physical assets and services including human capital by polychoric principal component analysis method.

Determinants of public trust in government: empirical evidence from urban China

2015 ◽  
Vol 83 (2) ◽  
pp. 358-377 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dahai Zhao ◽  
Wei Hu
Keyword(s):  
Political Trust ◽  
Public Trust ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Urban China ◽  
Lower Probability ◽  
Chinese Government ◽  
Trust In Government ◽  
Citizen Satisfaction ◽  
Highly Educated ◽  
Public Managers

Several studies suggest that public trust in government in China remains high and without any trend of decline despite the fact that public trust in government has declined dramatically in developed countries. This article analyses public trust in government in contemporary urban China with a comprehensive representative survey and tests the factors associated with public trust in government. Trust in government in China is found to be much lower than previous studies have indicated. Furthermore, the variables of citizen satisfaction with the quality of public services, general democracy, participation in government and the transparency of government are positively associated with public trust in government in China at both the city and central level. In addition, this research also finds that citizens who are younger, more highly educated and well-paid have a lower probability of trust in government in China. These findings suggest that maintaining political trust will be a challenge for the Chinese government. Points for practitioners The findings in this study suggest that public managers and policymakers in China should pay full attention to the challenge posed by maintaining public trust in government, and need to consider formulating specific and feasible measures to enhance public trust based on the determinants of public trust in government. Moreover, in terms of the fact that the determinants that make public trust in government decline in developed countries also affect public trust in government in China, such public managers and policymakers need to strengthen communication with developed countries to improve the handling of the common challenge of maintaining public trust in government.

Maltreatment Variation and Trends in Six Developed Countries Using Multiple Indicators: Methods and Policy Implications

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth Gilbert ◽  
John D. Fluke ◽  
Melissa O'Donnell ◽  
Arturo Gonzalez-Izquierdo ◽  
Marni Brownell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Developed Countries ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Multiple Indicators

Bridging the Gap between Ethical Climate and Nurses’ Service Behaviors: the Critical Role of Professional Well-Being

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 99-110
Author(s):  
Na Zhang ◽  
Jingjing Li ◽  
Xing Bu ◽  
Zhenxing Gong ◽  
Gilal Faheem Gul
Keyword(s):  
Ethical Climate ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Well Being

Policy Review: Dubai Health Authority’s COVID-19 Rapid Response

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (Special) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Rapid Response ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
World Health ◽  
Healthcare Sector ◽  
Services Delivery ◽  
First Case ◽  
The World

Dubai Health Authority (DHA) is the entity regulating the healthcare sector in the Emirate of Dubai, ensuring high quality and safe healthcare services delivery to the population. The World Health Organization (WHO) declared COVID-19 a pandemic on the 11th of March 2020, indicating to the world that further infection spread is very likely, and alerting countries that they should be ready for possible widespread community transmission. The first case of COVID-19 in the United Arab Emirates was confirmed on 29th of January 2020; since then, the number of cases has continued to grow exponentially. As of 8th of July 2020 (end of the day), 53,045 cases of coronavirus have been confirmed with a death toll of 327 cases. The UAE has conducted over 3,720,000 COVID-19 tests among UAE citizens and residents over the past four months, in line with the government’s plans to strengthen virus screening to contain the spread of COVID-19. There were vital UAE policies, laws, regulations, and decrees that have been announced for immediate implementation to limit the spread of COVID- 19, to prevent panic and to ensure the overall food, nutrition, and well-being are provided. The UAE is amongst the World’s Top 10 for COVID-19 Treatment Efficiency and in the World’s Top 20 for the implementation of COVID-19 Safety measures. The UAE’s mission is to work towards resuming life after COVID-19 and enter into the recovery phases. This policy research paper will discuss the Dubai Health Authority’s rapid response initiatives towards combating the control and spread of COVID-19 and future policy implications and recommendations. The underlying factors and policy options will be discussed in terms of governance, finance, and delivery.

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